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Cardiomegaly (The Enlarged Heart)
Cardiomegaly (The Enlarged Heart)

... Medical devices to regulate your heartbeat Pacemaker: Coordinates the contractions between the left and right ventricle. In people who may be at risk of serious arrhythmias, drug therapy or an implantable cardioverterdefibrillator (ICD) may be an used. ...
The Adult with Transposition
The Adult with Transposition

... Systemic AV valve abnormalities Ebstein’s Anomaly Progressive Tricuspid Regurgitation ...
To the Heart of the Matter - examining the conceptual context of the
To the Heart of the Matter - examining the conceptual context of the

... Disparities that arise between differing theories can be understood as being products of incompatibilities in the context within which they are described, and are not necessarily reflective of theoretical ...
Nonselective beta-adrenergic blocking agent, carvedilol
Nonselective beta-adrenergic blocking agent, carvedilol

... II Holter system for QRS labeling and arrhythmia detection. The tapes were manually reviewed by an independent observer who was blind to the patient’s identity and study treatment. Measurements of HRV were: standard deviation of normal RR interval (SDNN) and root mean square of successive difference ...
Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator
Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator

... or ventricular conduction, separately or in combination, relative to the range of heart rates that are programmed into the pacer. A commonly used mode of pacing is the DDDR, which has dual-chamber (i.e., atrium and ventricle) pacing and inhibiting and has rate-response capability. The DDDR pacemaker ...
ANATOMICAL CORRELATION OF CARDIAC ELECTRICAL
ANATOMICAL CORRELATION OF CARDIAC ELECTRICAL

... myocardial cells in parallel arrangement. In certain subjects, other conduction pathways exist between the atria and ventricles either within the existing AV conduction system or along the fibrous skeleton and therefore may produce certain arrhythmia. Atrio nodal bypass tracts of James connect the a ...
ANTIARRHYTHMIC DRUGS
ANTIARRHYTHMIC DRUGS

... produce both negative inotropic & chronotropic effects  They diminish phase 4 spontaneous depolarization suppressing automaticity and prolonging AV conduction ...
29 - Weebly
29 - Weebly

... Preload, or degree of stretch, of cardiac muscle cells before they contract is the critical factor ...
ANTIARRHYTHMIC DRUGS - سایت جامع پرستاران
ANTIARRHYTHMIC DRUGS - سایت جامع پرستاران

... produce both negative inotropic & chronotropic effects  They diminish phase 4 spontaneous depolarization suppressing automaticity and prolonging AV conduction ...
Table 3. Classification of Ventricular Arrhythmias - Af
Table 3. Classification of Ventricular Arrhythmias - Af

... Table 7. Syndromes of Drug-Induced Arrhythmias and Their Management ...
Mountaineering with
Mountaineering with

... The use of Nifedipine for prevention of HAPE in children has not been studied Acetazolamide prophylaxis is indicated in situations where gradual ascent is not possible and in children who have had AMS when previously exposed to a similar altitude and rate of ascent UpToDate ...
Artificial heart pacemakers
Artificial heart pacemakers

... sick sinus syndrome (when the sinus node or atria are damaged, making your heart beat too slowly during physical activity). These are degenerative diseases that you may develop when you get older, but are rare before 70 years of age. You may need a biventricular pacemaker if your heart pumps very po ...
Heart Failure
Heart Failure

... Many people with heart failure also have a problem with the way their heart beats (arrhythmia). Many patients with a low ejection fraction—when the amount of blood the heart is able to squeeze out is much less than what it normally would be— may benefit from small electric devices implanted in the c ...
CARDIAC DISEASES
CARDIAC DISEASES

... Coronary atherosclerosis resulting in 'fixed' obstruction is the major cause of IHD in more than 90% cases. Here, a brief account of the pathology of lesions in atherosclerotic coronary artery disease is presented. 1. Distribution. Atherosclerotic lesions in coronary arteries are distributed in one ...
Summer 2011 ARVD/C Newsletter
Summer 2011 ARVD/C Newsletter

... Q: Once you are diagnosed with ARVD, what kind of follow up treatment should you expect from your doctors? Should you have an electrophysiologist follow you? A: In general, a patient diagnosed with ARVD should be evaluated with ECG, Holter monitoring, and Echo on a yearly basis to monitor for progre ...
comparison between the effects of 5 percent hypertonic
comparison between the effects of 5 percent hypertonic

... increased coronary flow and increased left ven tricular contraction, without sympathetic system activation. This study was designed to assess the effects of hypertonic saline solution in open heart surgery and to compare it with normal saline solution. In a case control double-blind study, 46 patien ...
Advanced Heart Failure Care
Advanced Heart Failure Care

... Finances, insurance, disability, prescription coverage ...
ACUTE MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION AMI Acute Myocardial
ACUTE MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION AMI Acute Myocardial

... myocardial infarction” by Kumbhani et. al (2013) is a study that shows if all six Core Measures are met during hospital stay and then continued after discharge by patient, the patient outcomes are significantly better over time. This article is difficult to understand as it is a statistical analysis ...
Infant Heart Dissection in a Forensic Context
Infant Heart Dissection in a Forensic Context

... Requirements for Graduate Medical Education in Forensic Pathology (11). As a result, some forensic pathology fellows will transition into their staff forensic pathologist roles without having achieved competency with pediatric heart dissections. For those pathologists who find themselves in such a p ...
Cardiac Output
Cardiac Output

Cardiac Output
Cardiac Output

... Benjamin Cummings Publishing Co (http://www.aw.com/bc) ...
Heart failure: clinical features and diagnosis
Heart failure: clinical features and diagnosis

... Lack of universal agreement on the definition of heart failure over the years has made epidemiological studies difficult. The Framingham heart study, which had a cohort of 5,209 subjects, has been followed up biennially since 1948. This dataset has been used to obtain some information on the inciden ...
Subclinical left ventricle dysfunction revealed by echocardiography
Subclinical left ventricle dysfunction revealed by echocardiography

... Infantile hemangiomas consist a frequent childhood tumor and have been associated with hemodynamic complications. A 2week-old female neonate presented to our clinic due to a large neck hemangioma. Although the neonate was hemodynamically stable and no apparent clinical signs of heart failure were pr ...
Heart Failure guideline, November 2015
Heart Failure guideline, November 2015

... LVSD, which is outlined below. There is no agreement for treatment for HFPEF, however the best available data (and common practice) is to treat it similarly with guidance from a specialist[7]. ...
Exercise 7
Exercise 7

... The heart is the first organ to function in the embryo and the circulatory system is the first functional system. The circulatory system is built so that the blood leaving the heart is pumped into the arteries, flows through the capillary beds to feed the tissues, is recovered in the veins, and then ...
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Electrocardiography



Electrocardiography (ECG or EKG*) is the process of recording the electrical activity of the heart over a period of time using electrodes placed on a patient's body. These electrodes detect the tiny electrical changes on the skin that arise from the heart muscle depolarizing during each heartbeat.In a conventional 12 lead ECG, ten electrodes are placed on the patient's limbs and on the surface of the chest. The overall magnitude of the heart's electrical potential is then measured from twelve different angles (""leads"") and is recorded over a period of time (usually 10 seconds). In this way, the overall magnitude and direction of the heart's electrical depolarization is captured at each moment throughout the cardiac cycle. The graph of voltage versus time produced by this noninvasive medical procedure is referred to as an electrocardiogram (abbreviated ECG or EKG).During each heartbeat, a healthy heart will have an orderly progression of depolarization that starts with pacemaker cells in the sinoatrial node, spreads out through the atrium, passes through the atrioventricular node down into the bundle of His and into the Purkinje fibers spreading down and to the left throughout the ventricles. This orderly pattern of depolarization gives rise to the characteristic ECG tracing. To the trained clinician, an ECG conveys a large amount of information about the structure of the heart and the function of its electrical conduction system. Among other things, an ECG can be used to measure the rate and rhythm of heartbeats, the size and position of the heart chambers, the presence of any damage to the heart's muscle cells or conduction system, the effects of cardiac drugs, and the function of implanted pacemakers.
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