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Cardiac Arrest
Cardiac Arrest

... Prepare drugs: Adr/Atropine/Lignocaine Airway Management Clear airway (as described) Head tilt, jaw thrust, “sniffing” position Guedels/Nasopharyngeal airways Guedels: ...
Transcriptome of human foetal heart compared with
Transcriptome of human foetal heart compared with

... equivalent data is available on the human heart. This is important for understanding how specific mutations in different genes (i.e. missense mutations), rather than knockouts commonly used in experimental animals, affect human heart development and function as well as validating models of hereditar ...
Reversible Mitral Regurgitation as a Complication of
Reversible Mitral Regurgitation as a Complication of

... particular interest for patients with cardiogenic shock, who would benefit from this aspect of Impella® technology more so than ECMO support. To date, there is only one prospective study evaluating the Impella® 5.0, which ultimately led to its approval. This study, along with a larger (albeit retros ...
Right heart failure: toward a common language The Harvard
Right heart failure: toward a common language The Harvard

... ciplinary group of expert physician scientists together to develop an integrative language that effectively captures and describes right heart disease. The development of a common language relevant to scientists and clinicians alike was designed to foster collaborative research initiatives and conjo ...
Heart Failure With Improved Ejection Fraction: Clinical
Heart Failure With Improved Ejection Fraction: Clinical

... (OR, 1.01), LVIDd/BSA (OR, 0.5), β-blocker therapy at baseline (OR, 1.9), and treatment with valsartan (OR, 1.5). Subjects who had higher blood pressure and those treated with a β-blocker or randomized to valsartan had greater odds of being in the HFiEF group, whereas those with an ischemic pathogen ...
The Clinical Value of Frequency Analysis ofthe First
The Clinical Value of Frequency Analysis ofthe First

... Downloaded from http://circ.ahajournals.org/ by guest on June 14, 2017 ...
Incidental finding of a large pulmonary valve fibroelastoma: A case
Incidental finding of a large pulmonary valve fibroelastoma: A case

... Available online 31 May 2005 ...
Abla[on in infants and small children: Results and complica[ons
Abla[on in infants and small children: Results and complica[ons

... •  Complications: 2 femoral vessel occlusions treated with thrombolysis •  Comment: Ablation avoided in left-sided and parahisian APs ...
Heart Failure With Normal Ejection Fraction
Heart Failure With Normal Ejection Fraction

... CI, 0.93–1.00), secular trends revealed little improvement in clinical outcome compared with those seen in patients with SHF [9•]. Collectively, these studies highlight the changing epidemiology of HF occurring with increasing age of the population and the inadequacy of current therapeutic options f ...
ISHEMIC CONDITIONING - EVIDENCE REVIEW DR SANMATH
ISHEMIC CONDITIONING - EVIDENCE REVIEW DR SANMATH

... Randomised to RIC vs control. Primary endpoint was major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events (MACCE)—a composite of all-cause mortality, myocardial infarction, readmission for heart failure, and ischaemic stroke/transient ischaemic attack. ...
Mechanisms for increasing stroke volume during static
Mechanisms for increasing stroke volume during static

Coronary artery Disease - American Association of Nurse Anesthetists
Coronary artery Disease - American Association of Nurse Anesthetists

... with branches from the right coronary artery. These anastomoses are normally small but may enlarge greatly in patients with coronary vessel disease (i.e., atherosclerosis). 2 The right coronary artery divides into the posterior descending branch (which supplies left and right ventricles) and the mar ...
Myocardial Infarction After Dog Bite Myocardial
Myocardial Infarction After Dog Bite Myocardial

... of embolic endocarditis or severe sustained hypotension, there is no plausible pathogenic link (and the authors suggest none) between bacteremia/disseminated intravascular coagulation and the acute occlusion of an epicardial coronary artery leading to myocardial infarction, and the latter is rarely, ...
Point of View The Long QT Interval Syndrome
Point of View The Long QT Interval Syndrome

... suppress arrhythmias. Not all QT interval prolongation is arrhythmogenic, nor is all QT interval shortening antiarrhythmic. Uniform changes in refractoriness throughout the ventricle are probably more important. Whether such dispersion in recovery of excitability causes arrhythmias in patients with ...
Table of Contents for Year Two Physical Diagnosis Section
Table of Contents for Year Two Physical Diagnosis Section

... sound is augmented, this suggests an underlying consolidation as in pneumonia. You can also check egophony by asking the patient to repeatedly say “E” as you move your stethoscope over the posterior and anterior lung fields. If the sound produced has a nasal or bleating quality and sounds like “A” t ...
Variations of Left Ventricular End-Diastolic Pressure, Volume, and
Variations of Left Ventricular End-Diastolic Pressure, Volume, and

... tube was inserted into the trachea, and intermittent positive-pressure (8 to 10 cm H2O) respiration with room air at approximately 30 cycles/min was used throughout the experiments. Respiration was temporarily suspended by opening the airway to ambient pressure during the periods of videoangiographi ...
A Method for Determining Left Ventricular Mass in Man
A Method for Determining Left Ventricular Mass in Man

... septum into a right and left ventricuilar portion prior to weighing the left ventricle.'4 However, as discussed by others, an accurate division of the septum into right and left ventricular portions is very difficult, if not impossible,10-12, 15 and was not attempted in this study. The method used f ...
Heart Failure What is Heart Failure?
Heart Failure What is Heart Failure?

... • The heart looses it’s ability to relax because it becomes stiff • Heart cannot fill properly between each beat and less blood in means less blood out. ...
End-stage chronic heart failure - International Society of Drug Bulletins
End-stage chronic heart failure - International Society of Drug Bulletins

... fraction under medical treatment. Electrophysiological testing is hardly necessary with the exception of some high risk patients with coronary artery disease (eg EF 30–40% and non-sustained VT) [25]. It is of utmost importance to assess leftventricular ejection fraction several months after initiati ...
Race and Sex Differences in QRS Interval and Associated Outcome
Race and Sex Differences in QRS Interval and Associated Outcome

Cardiology QOD Review
Cardiology QOD Review

... intravenous furosemide three times a day, and 2 L/min of oxygen administered via nasal cannula. On physical examination, her temperature is 39.0°C, heart rate is 130 beats/min, respiratory rate is 30 breaths/min, and blood pressure is 80/40 mm Hg. Her oxygen saturation is 92%. An arterial blood gas ...
Rheumatic Fever and Heart Disease
Rheumatic Fever and Heart Disease

... scarring of the valves constitutes the most important long-term sequelae of rheumatic fever, and usually becomes clinically manifest decades after the acute process. • Left sided valves (mitral and aortic) are more commonly involved than the right. • Fibrosis of valve leaflets --> stenosis. ...
LATE DEVELOPMENT AND PARTITIONING OF THE HEART
LATE DEVELOPMENT AND PARTITIONING OF THE HEART

... After incorporation of the sinus venosus, cells from its left wall are found in the base of the interatrial septum just anterior to the opening of the coronary sinus. Together with cells from the AV region, they form the AV node and bundle • The fibers arising from the AV bundle pass from the atrium ...
Congenital cardiac defect in a pygmy goat (Capra hircus)
Congenital cardiac defect in a pygmy goat (Capra hircus)

... the kid was affected by a mild subaortic stenosis with a gradient of pressure of 22.8 mmHg; this condition has never been described before in a goat. This congenital condition obstructed the blood flow to the aorta and caused the weak and frequent pulse that was discovered during the examination of ...
14 Cardiomegaliya
14 Cardiomegaliya

... 4. Diseases associated with myocardial hypertrophy ("athlete's heart", primary and secondary hypertension, congenital heart disease). 5. Diseases associated with infiltrative lesions of the heart (endocrinopathies, diffuse connective tissue disease, amyloidosis of the heart). Congenital and acquired ...
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Electrocardiography



Electrocardiography (ECG or EKG*) is the process of recording the electrical activity of the heart over a period of time using electrodes placed on a patient's body. These electrodes detect the tiny electrical changes on the skin that arise from the heart muscle depolarizing during each heartbeat.In a conventional 12 lead ECG, ten electrodes are placed on the patient's limbs and on the surface of the chest. The overall magnitude of the heart's electrical potential is then measured from twelve different angles (""leads"") and is recorded over a period of time (usually 10 seconds). In this way, the overall magnitude and direction of the heart's electrical depolarization is captured at each moment throughout the cardiac cycle. The graph of voltage versus time produced by this noninvasive medical procedure is referred to as an electrocardiogram (abbreviated ECG or EKG).During each heartbeat, a healthy heart will have an orderly progression of depolarization that starts with pacemaker cells in the sinoatrial node, spreads out through the atrium, passes through the atrioventricular node down into the bundle of His and into the Purkinje fibers spreading down and to the left throughout the ventricles. This orderly pattern of depolarization gives rise to the characteristic ECG tracing. To the trained clinician, an ECG conveys a large amount of information about the structure of the heart and the function of its electrical conduction system. Among other things, an ECG can be used to measure the rate and rhythm of heartbeats, the size and position of the heart chambers, the presence of any damage to the heart's muscle cells or conduction system, the effects of cardiac drugs, and the function of implanted pacemakers.
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