V. Glucose is central to all metabolism • 3 major paths: glycolysis
... • PKA phosphorylates enzymes on ser: • Activates some enzymes, inhibits others • Especially affects kinases, phosphatases • cAMP rapidly degraded to AMP • Hormone signal terminated by phosphatases remove the PO4 from enzymes • Skeletal muscle does not have glucagon receptor, but liver and other tiss ...
... • PKA phosphorylates enzymes on ser: • Activates some enzymes, inhibits others • Especially affects kinases, phosphatases • cAMP rapidly degraded to AMP • Hormone signal terminated by phosphatases remove the PO4 from enzymes • Skeletal muscle does not have glucagon receptor, but liver and other tiss ...
The Cell, 5e
... Signal transduction by glucagon: • Glucagon receptor is G-protein coupled (Gs) • Activate adenylyl cyclase → cAMP → activate PKA • PKA phosphorylates enzymes on ser: • Activates some enzymes, inhibits others • Especially affects kinases, phosphatases • cAMP rapidly degraded to AMP • Hormone signal t ...
... Signal transduction by glucagon: • Glucagon receptor is G-protein coupled (Gs) • Activate adenylyl cyclase → cAMP → activate PKA • PKA phosphorylates enzymes on ser: • Activates some enzymes, inhibits others • Especially affects kinases, phosphatases • cAMP rapidly degraded to AMP • Hormone signal t ...
the endocrine system
... Pancreas- Located adjacent to the duodenum, the first portion of the small intestine. The pancreas is both an endocrine and exocrine organ. The hormones secreted by the pancreas are: Insulin and glucagon which are important in controlling blood sugar levels. Glucagon - increases blood sugar levels b ...
... Pancreas- Located adjacent to the duodenum, the first portion of the small intestine. The pancreas is both an endocrine and exocrine organ. The hormones secreted by the pancreas are: Insulin and glucagon which are important in controlling blood sugar levels. Glucagon - increases blood sugar levels b ...
Cell Bio/Physio Exam 1 Outline Lecture 1
... internal and external anal sphincters. Function to regulate movement of material. Segregates GI tract by function, permits organs to act as reservoirs. It helps control one-way flow of luminal contents. GI Blood Flow o Arterial blood supply to the abdominal region derives from aorta and its br ...
... internal and external anal sphincters. Function to regulate movement of material. Segregates GI tract by function, permits organs to act as reservoirs. It helps control one-way flow of luminal contents. GI Blood Flow o Arterial blood supply to the abdominal region derives from aorta and its br ...
Tongji Univesity School of Medicine 2012
... D. it is covered by peritoneum completely E. it is closed to posterior part of the fornix of vagina 19 The incorrect statement regarding trigone of bladder is that A. it is a smooth triangular area B. it is formed by internal urethral orifice anteriorly and two ureteric orifices laterally C. it is l ...
... D. it is covered by peritoneum completely E. it is closed to posterior part of the fornix of vagina 19 The incorrect statement regarding trigone of bladder is that A. it is a smooth triangular area B. it is formed by internal urethral orifice anteriorly and two ureteric orifices laterally C. it is l ...
Unit 1
... muscle is also made of fibers, but this type of muscle looks smooth, not striated. Generally, we can’t consciously control our smooth muscles; rather, they’re controlled by the nervous system automatically (which is why they are also called involuntary). Examples of smooth muscles are the walls of t ...
... muscle is also made of fibers, but this type of muscle looks smooth, not striated. Generally, we can’t consciously control our smooth muscles; rather, they’re controlled by the nervous system automatically (which is why they are also called involuntary). Examples of smooth muscles are the walls of t ...
Small intestine
... C-the left or visceral surface: related to the terminal part of colon, the root of mesentery and small intestine. 9-the base attached dorsally by peritoneum with pancreas and right kidney, medially with transverse colon, ventrally to the origin of great colon. 10-the body is attached dorsolaterally ...
... C-the left or visceral surface: related to the terminal part of colon, the root of mesentery and small intestine. 9-the base attached dorsally by peritoneum with pancreas and right kidney, medially with transverse colon, ventrally to the origin of great colon. 10-the body is attached dorsolaterally ...
1. Outline the steps in performing an abdominal examination. 2
... iv. Bowel sounds originate from the movement of air and fluid through the small intestine. Bowel sounds are high pitched, gurgling or scratching sounds that occur approximately every 5 to 15 seconds. They can be heard in all four quadrants. v. Hyperactive bowel sounds are loud, high-pitched, rushing ...
... iv. Bowel sounds originate from the movement of air and fluid through the small intestine. Bowel sounds are high pitched, gurgling or scratching sounds that occur approximately every 5 to 15 seconds. They can be heard in all four quadrants. v. Hyperactive bowel sounds are loud, high-pitched, rushing ...
In Small Intestine
... PPARδ: fat sensor that belongs to a class of molecules called nuclear receptors (found in the nucleus). ...
... PPARδ: fat sensor that belongs to a class of molecules called nuclear receptors (found in the nucleus). ...
ch23a_wcr
... • Branches of aorta serving digestive organs – Hepatic, splenic, and left gastric arteries – Inferior and superior mesenteric arteries ...
... • Branches of aorta serving digestive organs – Hepatic, splenic, and left gastric arteries – Inferior and superior mesenteric arteries ...
Digestive System A
... • Branches of aorta serving digestive organs – Hepatic, splenic, and left gastric arteries – Inferior and superior mesenteric arteries ...
... • Branches of aorta serving digestive organs – Hepatic, splenic, and left gastric arteries – Inferior and superior mesenteric arteries ...
The Endocrine System
... concentration within a normal range between meals Specific actions of cortisol: increases amino acid concentration in the blood (by inhibiting protein synthesis in select tissues) promotes use of fat for energy production in our bodies (rather than glucose) stimulates the liver to synthesize g ...
... concentration within a normal range between meals Specific actions of cortisol: increases amino acid concentration in the blood (by inhibiting protein synthesis in select tissues) promotes use of fat for energy production in our bodies (rather than glucose) stimulates the liver to synthesize g ...
DEVELOPMENT of the URINARY SYSTEM
... (plus its cap of cortex), and empties via its papilla, into a minor calyx Lobes fuse so that there are between 14 and 6, usually 8 (26%) Most fusion happens at the upper and lower poles so that those papillae are compound. Simple papillae have valve-like slits where the ducts open – Non-refluxing Co ...
... (plus its cap of cortex), and empties via its papilla, into a minor calyx Lobes fuse so that there are between 14 and 6, usually 8 (26%) Most fusion happens at the upper and lower poles so that those papillae are compound. Simple papillae have valve-like slits where the ducts open – Non-refluxing Co ...
I. General Characteristics of the Endocrine System
... c. Receptor binding may alter the function of enzymes or membrane transport mechanisms, changing the concentrations of still other cellular components. d. A first messenger is the hormone. e. Second messengers are the chemicals in the cell that induce the changes that are recognized as responses to ...
... c. Receptor binding may alter the function of enzymes or membrane transport mechanisms, changing the concentrations of still other cellular components. d. A first messenger is the hormone. e. Second messengers are the chemicals in the cell that induce the changes that are recognized as responses to ...
Sheet_8
... Location and Description 1. The transverse colon is about 15 in. (38 cm) long 2. It is intraperitoneal, completely covered by peritoneum (the greater omentum from the stomach descends downward then upward and covers upper and lower surfaces of the transverse colon). 3. Extends across the abdomen 4 ...
... Location and Description 1. The transverse colon is about 15 in. (38 cm) long 2. It is intraperitoneal, completely covered by peritoneum (the greater omentum from the stomach descends downward then upward and covers upper and lower surfaces of the transverse colon). 3. Extends across the abdomen 4 ...
Mnemonics for Week 5
... Beware of the trick question of “What is the first branch of the aorta?” Technically, it’s the coronary arteries. Coronary circulation: arteries and associated veins Small Margin: Small vein and Marginal artery Middle schoolers show Public Display of Affection (PDA): Middle Vein and Posterior Des ...
... Beware of the trick question of “What is the first branch of the aorta?” Technically, it’s the coronary arteries. Coronary circulation: arteries and associated veins Small Margin: Small vein and Marginal artery Middle schoolers show Public Display of Affection (PDA): Middle Vein and Posterior Des ...
Gastric physiology
... • Gastrin: stimulates release of gastric juice • Secretin: stimulates pancreas to secrete water and bicarbonate • Cholecystokinin (CCK): signals pancreas to secrete digestive enzymes Slide 14.15 ...
... • Gastrin: stimulates release of gastric juice • Secretin: stimulates pancreas to secrete water and bicarbonate • Cholecystokinin (CCK): signals pancreas to secrete digestive enzymes Slide 14.15 ...
Chapter 16 Digestion and Absorption
... Bile juice contains no digestive enzymes, yet it is important for digestion. Why? Answer Bile is a digestive juice secreted by the liver. Although it does not contain any digestive enzymes, it plays an important role in the digestion of fats. Bile juice has bile salts such as bilirubin and biliverdi ...
... Bile juice contains no digestive enzymes, yet it is important for digestion. Why? Answer Bile is a digestive juice secreted by the liver. Although it does not contain any digestive enzymes, it plays an important role in the digestion of fats. Bile juice has bile salts such as bilirubin and biliverdi ...
INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM
... Slow Initial Effects, but Effects Persist much longer Hormones act on specific Targets ...
... Slow Initial Effects, but Effects Persist much longer Hormones act on specific Targets ...
Metabolism II BCH 440
... • The concentration of free amino acids in the extracellular fluids is significantly lower than that within the cells of the body. This concentration gradient is maintained because active transport systems, driven by the hydrolysis of ATP, are required for movement of amino acids from the extracellu ...
... • The concentration of free amino acids in the extracellular fluids is significantly lower than that within the cells of the body. This concentration gradient is maintained because active transport systems, driven by the hydrolysis of ATP, are required for movement of amino acids from the extracellu ...
practice test
... The small intestine extends inferiorly from the : a) pyloric sphincter to the ileocecal valve b) ileocecal valve to the appendix c) appendix to the sigmoid colon d) cardioesophageal sphincter to the pyloric sphincter e) sigmoid colon to the anus Which of the following is the middle section of the sm ...
... The small intestine extends inferiorly from the : a) pyloric sphincter to the ileocecal valve b) ileocecal valve to the appendix c) appendix to the sigmoid colon d) cardioesophageal sphincter to the pyloric sphincter e) sigmoid colon to the anus Which of the following is the middle section of the sm ...
Anatomy for the Gynecologic Oncologist
... • What dermatomes are affected by a midline incision? What are affected by a pfannenstiel? • Name all the layers of the abdominal wall above and below the arcuate line? • Describe the relationship between the incision type and the inferior epigastric artery? ...
... • What dermatomes are affected by a midline incision? What are affected by a pfannenstiel? • Name all the layers of the abdominal wall above and below the arcuate line? • Describe the relationship between the incision type and the inferior epigastric artery? ...
Pancreas
The pancreas /ˈpæŋkriəs/ is a glandular organ in the digestive system and endocrine system of vertebrates. In humans, it is located in the abdominal cavity behind the stomach. It is an endocrine gland producing several important hormones, including insulin, glucagon, somatostatin, and pancreatic polypeptide which circulate in the blood. The pancreas is also a digestive organ, secreting pancreatic juice containing digestive enzymes that assist digestion and absorption of nutrients in the small intestine. These enzymes help to further break down the carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids in the chyme.