Power Specialist`s App Note Book
... parameter computation in order to provide the simulator with key information such as the DC operating point. Also, the simulation was only valid for small signal variations and continuous conduction mode. Two years later, Dr. Vincent Bello published a series of papers in which he introduced his SPIC ...
... parameter computation in order to provide the simulator with key information such as the DC operating point. Also, the simulation was only valid for small signal variations and continuous conduction mode. Two years later, Dr. Vincent Bello published a series of papers in which he introduced his SPIC ...
Emon Meter Installation
... services cannot be used on 277/480 volt services, and vice versa. Verify that the meter rating (amperage) is suitable for the intended load. Compare the color of the arrows on the current sensor assembly to the chart below to find the amperage of the current sensors. Sensor Arrow Color Code ...
... services cannot be used on 277/480 volt services, and vice versa. Verify that the meter rating (amperage) is suitable for the intended load. Compare the color of the arrows on the current sensor assembly to the chart below to find the amperage of the current sensors. Sensor Arrow Color Code ...
HS2313011312
... stage that is comprised of the two cross coupled inverters, where each input is connected to the output of the other. It operates in two phases.1) Interface phase and 2) Regeneration phase. It consists of single nmos tail transistor connected to ground. When clock is low tail transistor is off and d ...
... stage that is comprised of the two cross coupled inverters, where each input is connected to the output of the other. It operates in two phases.1) Interface phase and 2) Regeneration phase. It consists of single nmos tail transistor connected to ground. When clock is low tail transistor is off and d ...
Handbook on Electricity Meters
... Commonly used for industrial and commercial operations. It is widely used for electricity distribution systems, where it is transformed to other suitable service configurations. ...
... Commonly used for industrial and commercial operations. It is widely used for electricity distribution systems, where it is transformed to other suitable service configurations. ...
μ PD166021T1F Data Sheet
... In case of reverse battery condition, internal N-ch MOSFET is turned on to reduce the power dissipation by body diode. Additional power is dissipated by the internal resister. Following is the formula for estimation of total power dissipation Pd(rev) in reverse battery condition. ...
... In case of reverse battery condition, internal N-ch MOSFET is turned on to reduce the power dissipation by body diode. Additional power is dissipated by the internal resister. Following is the formula for estimation of total power dissipation Pd(rev) in reverse battery condition. ...
ZXTP2014G Features Mechanical Data
... indirectly, any claim of personal injury or death associated with such unintended or unauthorized application. Products described herein may be covered by one or more United States, international or foreign patents pending. Product names and markings noted herein may also be covered by one or more U ...
... indirectly, any claim of personal injury or death associated with such unintended or unauthorized application. Products described herein may be covered by one or more United States, international or foreign patents pending. Product names and markings noted herein may also be covered by one or more U ...
AN29 - Some Thoughts on DC-DC Converters
... Figure 7) which feeds a logic network composed of additional inverters, diodes and the 74C90 decade counter. The counter output (Trace B) combines with the logic network to present alternately phased clock bursts (Traces C and D) to the base resistors of Q1 and Q2. When φ1 (Trace B) is unclocked it ...
... Figure 7) which feeds a logic network composed of additional inverters, diodes and the 74C90 decade counter. The counter output (Trace B) combines with the logic network to present alternately phased clock bursts (Traces C and D) to the base resistors of Q1 and Q2. When φ1 (Trace B) is unclocked it ...
Virtex-4 PCB 设计指南
... any license under its patents, copyrights, or maskwork rights or any rights of others. Xilinx, Inc. reserves the right to make changes, at any time, in order to improve reliability, function or design and to supply the best product possible. Xilinx, Inc. will not assume responsibility for the use of ...
... any license under its patents, copyrights, or maskwork rights or any rights of others. Xilinx, Inc. reserves the right to make changes, at any time, in order to improve reliability, function or design and to supply the best product possible. Xilinx, Inc. will not assume responsibility for the use of ...
2033D SERIES
... During normal operation, the path through the inverter is used to power the load. Referring to Figure 1.1: Input AC power is converted to DC by the Converter. DC power is utilized to charge the UPS battery and to provide power to the Inverter. The Inverter converts the DC power to clean AC power to ...
... During normal operation, the path through the inverter is used to power the load. Referring to Figure 1.1: Input AC power is converted to DC by the Converter. DC power is utilized to charge the UPS battery and to provide power to the Inverter. The Inverter converts the DC power to clean AC power to ...
ZX5T951G Features Mechanical Data
... indirectly, any claim of personal injury or death associated with such unintended or unauthorized application. Products described herein may be covered by one or more United States, international or foreign patents pending. Product names and markings noted herein may also be covered by one or more U ...
... indirectly, any claim of personal injury or death associated with such unintended or unauthorized application. Products described herein may be covered by one or more United States, international or foreign patents pending. Product names and markings noted herein may also be covered by one or more U ...
Five Gallon Bucket Hydroelectric Generator Build Manual
... Maximum Power: 90 Watts Water velocity at nozzles: 19 m/s The power of the generator is dependent on the load that is connected to the system. The maximum power of 90W was achieved when a resistive load of 5 ohms was connected to the generator. As an example, a power of this magnitude is sufficient ...
... Maximum Power: 90 Watts Water velocity at nozzles: 19 m/s The power of the generator is dependent on the load that is connected to the system. The maximum power of 90W was achieved when a resistive load of 5 ohms was connected to the generator. As an example, a power of this magnitude is sufficient ...
CHAPTER 3 Special-Purpose Diodes
... The basic function of zener diode is to maintain a specific voltage across it’s terminals within given limits of line or load change. Typically it is used for providing a stable reference voltage for use in power supplies and other equipment The zener diode – silicon pn-junction device-designed f ...
... The basic function of zener diode is to maintain a specific voltage across it’s terminals within given limits of line or load change. Typically it is used for providing a stable reference voltage for use in power supplies and other equipment The zener diode – silicon pn-junction device-designed f ...
Contents
... Charting Charting applications provide year over year comparisons for usage on a daily basis. A simple wizard tool is used to dynamically change date ranges, usage calculations (High/Low/Average), and outside temperature. Results are overlaid in a line graph for easy comparison. In addition, graphic ...
... Charting Charting applications provide year over year comparisons for usage on a daily basis. A simple wizard tool is used to dynamically change date ranges, usage calculations (High/Low/Average), and outside temperature. Results are overlaid in a line graph for easy comparison. In addition, graphic ...
Circuit Breakers Supplementary Protectors
... Neither CSA nor UL identifies a specific requirement for an interrupt capacity for supplementary protectors. However, most manufacturers do identify a component interrupt capability, identified by the published short-circuit current rating in UL's recognized component directory (yellow card data at ...
... Neither CSA nor UL identifies a specific requirement for an interrupt capacity for supplementary protectors. However, most manufacturers do identify a component interrupt capability, identified by the published short-circuit current rating in UL's recognized component directory (yellow card data at ...
SRAM Design in Advanced Technology
... technological feature for SRAM is smaller than the logic transistor. The small size increases the susceptibility of variation in SRAM cell transistors. To reduce power consumption lower voltage is used, and the lower supply voltage along with variation causes SRAM cell writeability and cell stabilit ...
... technological feature for SRAM is smaller than the logic transistor. The small size increases the susceptibility of variation in SRAM cell transistors. To reduce power consumption lower voltage is used, and the lower supply voltage along with variation causes SRAM cell writeability and cell stabilit ...
Tech Brief 1 MicroLAN Design Guide
... 2.8 to 6 volts. Both the master and slaves are configured as transceivers allowing data to flow in either direction, but only one direction at a time. Technically speaking, data transfers are half-duplex and bit sequential over a single pair of wires, data and return, from which the slaves “steal” p ...
... 2.8 to 6 volts. Both the master and slaves are configured as transceivers allowing data to flow in either direction, but only one direction at a time. Technically speaking, data transfers are half-duplex and bit sequential over a single pair of wires, data and return, from which the slaves “steal” p ...
MAX1992/MAX1993 Quick-PWM Step-Down Controllers with Inductor Saturation Protection and Dynamic Output Voltages
... V+ to AGND............................................................-0.3V to +30V VCC to AGND............................................................-0.3V to +6V VDD to PGND............................................................-0.3V to +6V PGOOD, ILIM, SKIP, SHDN to AGND ................ ...
... V+ to AGND............................................................-0.3V to +30V VCC to AGND............................................................-0.3V to +6V VDD to PGND............................................................-0.3V to +6V PGOOD, ILIM, SKIP, SHDN to AGND ................ ...
ZXT1053AK Features Mechanical Data
... indirectly, any claim of personal injury or death associated with such unintended or unauthorized application. Products described herein may be covered by one or more United States, international or foreign patents pending. Product names and markings noted herein may also be covered by one or more U ...
... indirectly, any claim of personal injury or death associated with such unintended or unauthorized application. Products described herein may be covered by one or more United States, international or foreign patents pending. Product names and markings noted herein may also be covered by one or more U ...
Troubleshooting Guide - Controlled Products Systems Group
... WARNING! If you are not trained in electrical safety, contact a professional electrical safety trainer. It is in your best interest to have electrical safety training. Do not attempt to work on a powered (turned on) operator if you have not received electrical safety training. Remember, it is danger ...
... WARNING! If you are not trained in electrical safety, contact a professional electrical safety trainer. It is in your best interest to have electrical safety training. Do not attempt to work on a powered (turned on) operator if you have not received electrical safety training. Remember, it is danger ...
PD166017T1F Data Sheet INTELLIGENT POWER DEVICE
... Incandescent light bulb (55 W to 65 W) switching with PWM control Switching of all types of 14 V DC grounded loads, such as LED lighting, resistive heating elements, inductive and capacitive loads. Replacement of fuse and relay ...
... Incandescent light bulb (55 W to 65 W) switching with PWM control Switching of all types of 14 V DC grounded loads, such as LED lighting, resistive heating elements, inductive and capacitive loads. Replacement of fuse and relay ...
HW manual - TG Drives
... All rights reserved. No part of this work may be reproduced in any form (by printing, photocopying, microfilm or any other method) or stored, processed, copied or distributed by electronic means without the written permission of Danaher Motion. ...
... All rights reserved. No part of this work may be reproduced in any form (by printing, photocopying, microfilm or any other method) or stored, processed, copied or distributed by electronic means without the written permission of Danaher Motion. ...
Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor (IGBT)
... speed. On the other hand, MOSFETs have a higher on state resistance per unit area and consequently higher on state loss. This is particularly true for higher voltage devices (greater than about 500 volts) which restricted the use of MOSFETs to low voltage high frequency circuits (eg. SMPS). With the ...
... speed. On the other hand, MOSFETs have a higher on state resistance per unit area and consequently higher on state loss. This is particularly true for higher voltage devices (greater than about 500 volts) which restricted the use of MOSFETs to low voltage high frequency circuits (eg. SMPS). With the ...
Power engineering
Power engineering, also called power systems engineering, is a subfield of energy engineering that deals with the generation, transmission, distribution and utilization of electric power and the electrical devices connected to such systems including generators, motors and transformers. Although much of the field is concerned with the problems of three-phase AC power – the standard for large-scale power transmission and distribution across the modern world – a significant fraction of the field is concerned with the conversion between AC and DC power and the development of specialized power systems such as those used in aircraft or for electric railway networks. It was a subfield of electrical engineering before the emergence of energy engineering.Electricity became a subject of scientific interest in the late 17th century with the work of William Gilbert. Over the next two centuries a number of important discoveries were made including the incandescent light bulb and the voltaic pile. Probably the greatest discovery with respect to power engineering came from Michael Faraday who in 1831 discovered that a change in magnetic flux induces an electromotive force in a loop of wire—a principle known as electromagnetic induction that helps explain how generators and transformers work.In 1881 two electricians built the world's first power station at Godalming in England. The station employed two waterwheels to produce an alternating current that was used to supply seven Siemens arc lamps at 250 volts and thirty-four incandescent lamps at 40 volts. However supply was intermittent and in 1882 Thomas Edison and his company, The Edison Electric Light Company, developed the first steam-powered electric power station on Pearl Street in New York City. The Pearl Street Station consisted of several generators and initially powered around 3,000 lamps for 59 customers. The power station used direct current and operated at a single voltage. Since the direct current power could not be easily transformed to the higher voltages necessary to minimise power loss during transmission, the possible distance between the generators and load was limited to around half-a-mile (800 m).That same year in London Lucien Gaulard and John Dixon Gibbs demonstrated the first transformer suitable for use in a real power system. The practical value of Gaulard and Gibbs' transformer was demonstrated in 1884 at Turin where the transformer was used to light up forty kilometres (25 miles) of railway from a single alternating current generator. Despite the success of the system, the pair made some fundamental mistakes. Perhaps the most serious was connecting the primaries of the transformers in series so that switching one lamp on or off would affect other lamps further down the line. Following the demonstration George Westinghouse, an American entrepreneur, imported a number of the transformers along with a Siemens generator and set his engineers to experimenting with them in the hopes of improving them for use in a commercial power system.One of Westinghouse's engineers, William Stanley, recognised the problem with connecting transformers in series as opposed to parallel and also realised that making the iron core of a transformer a fully enclosed loop would improve the voltage regulation of the secondary winding. Using this knowledge he built a much improved alternating current power system at Great Barrington, Massachusetts in 1886. In 1885 the Italian physicist and electrical engineer Galileo Ferraris demonstrated an induction motor and in 1887 and 1888 the Serbian-American engineer Nikola Tesla filed a range of patents related to power systems including one for a practical two-phase induction motor which Westinghouse licensed for his AC system.By 1890 the power industry had flourished and power companies had built thousands of power systems (both direct and alternating current) in the United States and Europe – these networks were effectively dedicated to providing electric lighting. During this time a fierce rivalry in the US known as the ""War of Currents"" emerged between Edison and Westinghouse over which form of transmission (direct or alternating current) was superior. In 1891, Westinghouse installed the first major power system that was designed to drive an electric motor and not just provide electric lighting. The installation powered a 100 horsepower (75 kW) synchronous motor at Telluride, Colorado with the motor being started by a Tesla induction motor. On the other side of the Atlantic, Oskar von Miller built a 20 kV 176 km three-phase transmission line from Lauffen am Neckar to Frankfurt am Main for the Electrical Engineering Exhibition in Frankfurt. In 1895, after a protracted decision-making process, the Adams No. 1 generating station at Niagara Falls began transmitting three-phase alternating current power to Buffalo at 11 kV. Following completion of the Niagara Falls project, new power systems increasingly chose alternating current as opposed to direct current for electrical transmission.Although the 1880s and 1890s were seminal decades in the field, developments in power engineering continued throughout the 20th and 21st century. In 1936 the first commercial high-voltage direct current (HVDC) line using mercury-arc valves was built between Schenectady and Mechanicville, New York. HVDC had previously been achieved by installing direct current generators in series (a system known as the Thury system) although this suffered from serious reliability issues. In 1957 Siemens demonstrated the first solid-state rectifier (solid-state rectifiers are now the standard for HVDC systems) however it was not until the early 1970s that this technology was used in commercial power systems. In 1959 Westinghouse demonstrated the first circuit breaker that used SF6 as the interrupting medium. SF6 is a far superior dielectric to air and, in recent times, its use has been extended to produce far more compact switching equipment (known as switchgear) and transformers. Many important developments also came from extending innovations in the ICT field to the power engineering field. For example, the development of computers meant load flow studies could be run more efficiently allowing for much better planning of power systems. Advances in information technology and telecommunication also allowed for much better remote control of the power system's switchgear and generators.