Endocrine Regulation
... o Adrenal Gland: secretes hormones that help the body deal with stress. o Ovary: matures oocytes into ova and secretes estrogen and progesterone o Pancreas: produces insulin to reduce the amount of sugar in the blood and enzymes that aid in digestion. o Pineal Gland: secretes melatonin, a hormone th ...
... o Adrenal Gland: secretes hormones that help the body deal with stress. o Ovary: matures oocytes into ova and secretes estrogen and progesterone o Pancreas: produces insulin to reduce the amount of sugar in the blood and enzymes that aid in digestion. o Pineal Gland: secretes melatonin, a hormone th ...
Autoimmune Disease
... procainamide. The concept of “molecular mimicry” is used to explain these phenomena; ie, the environmental trigger resembles (mimics) a component of the body sufficiently that an immune attack is directed against the cross-reacting body component. One of the best-characterized examples of molecular ...
... procainamide. The concept of “molecular mimicry” is used to explain these phenomena; ie, the environmental trigger resembles (mimics) a component of the body sufficiently that an immune attack is directed against the cross-reacting body component. One of the best-characterized examples of molecular ...
Dr. AASHISH H. PANCHAL (M.PHARM., Ph.D.) GSEB, CBSE, ICSE
... CHAPTER-2 Endocrine System Marks:40 ...
... CHAPTER-2 Endocrine System Marks:40 ...
Hypothalamus → Anterior Pituitary
... rate, increases temperature, regulates growth, reactivity of many tissues . _______________ Inhibits release of calcium from bones. ...
... rate, increases temperature, regulates growth, reactivity of many tissues . _______________ Inhibits release of calcium from bones. ...
NOTES- Endocrine System (feedback)
... NOTES Endocrine System • Thyroid Gland: > lower front part of the neck > thyroid hormones: regulate metabolism > bone growth and development of the brain and nervous system in children > maintain normal blood pressure, heart rate, digestion, muscle tone, and reproductive functions ...
... NOTES Endocrine System • Thyroid Gland: > lower front part of the neck > thyroid hormones: regulate metabolism > bone growth and development of the brain and nervous system in children > maintain normal blood pressure, heart rate, digestion, muscle tone, and reproductive functions ...
Endocrine Systemnew
... • Homeostasis is often maintained by two hormones who have antagonistic effects – Each hormone does the opposite of the other. • For example, if the blood pressure drops too low, the pituitary releases ADH, which causes the kidneys to reabsorb more water. If it the blood pressure increases too much, ...
... • Homeostasis is often maintained by two hormones who have antagonistic effects – Each hormone does the opposite of the other. • For example, if the blood pressure drops too low, the pituitary releases ADH, which causes the kidneys to reabsorb more water. If it the blood pressure increases too much, ...
Hormonal
... Myxedema and cretinism – synthetic thyroxine; however infants suffering from thyroid dysfunction must receive treatment within first 2 months to avoid mental retardation ...
... Myxedema and cretinism – synthetic thyroxine; however infants suffering from thyroid dysfunction must receive treatment within first 2 months to avoid mental retardation ...
Pathology of the Endocrine System Topics
... – Calcitonin involved in maintenance of calcium homeostasis ...
... – Calcitonin involved in maintenance of calcium homeostasis ...
Autoimmunity and Autoimmune Diseases
... Rash; inflammation of joints and serosal linings; glomerulonephritis; hemolytic anemia, systemic symptoms Inflammation of synovium of diarthroidal joints, systemic inflammation Inflammation, dermal fibrosis, internal organ fibrosis, vasculopathy Inflammation of spine, joints, and tendon insertions; ...
... Rash; inflammation of joints and serosal linings; glomerulonephritis; hemolytic anemia, systemic symptoms Inflammation of synovium of diarthroidal joints, systemic inflammation Inflammation, dermal fibrosis, internal organ fibrosis, vasculopathy Inflammation of spine, joints, and tendon insertions; ...
Answers to Test Your Understanding of Concepts
... from the anterior pituitary. Upon stimulation by TSH, the cells of the thyroid follicle take up a small volume of colloid by pinocytosis, hydrolyze the T3 and T4 (thyroxine) from the thyroglobulin precursor molecules, and secrete the free hormones into the blood. The rising levels of thyroxine in th ...
... from the anterior pituitary. Upon stimulation by TSH, the cells of the thyroid follicle take up a small volume of colloid by pinocytosis, hydrolyze the T3 and T4 (thyroxine) from the thyroglobulin precursor molecules, and secrete the free hormones into the blood. The rising levels of thyroxine in th ...
The Endocrine System Lecture
... • It is important that T3 and T4 levels are neither too high nor too low. • The hypothalamus produces TSH Releasing Hormone (TRH) that signals the pituitary to tell the thyroid gland to produce more or less of T3 and T4 by either increasing or decreasing the release of a hormone called thyroid stimu ...
... • It is important that T3 and T4 levels are neither too high nor too low. • The hypothalamus produces TSH Releasing Hormone (TRH) that signals the pituitary to tell the thyroid gland to produce more or less of T3 and T4 by either increasing or decreasing the release of a hormone called thyroid stimu ...
Endocrine glands and their parts 1. Pituitary gland (hypophysis) 2
... Alpha cells of pancreatic islets (14) The cells of the islets of Langehans that secrete glucagon. Beta cells of pancreatic islets (15) The cells of the islets of Langehans that secrete insulin. Capsule of suprarenal gland (10) The tissue surrounding the adrenal glands. Corpus luteum (24) The rupture ...
... Alpha cells of pancreatic islets (14) The cells of the islets of Langehans that secrete glucagon. Beta cells of pancreatic islets (15) The cells of the islets of Langehans that secrete insulin. Capsule of suprarenal gland (10) The tissue surrounding the adrenal glands. Corpus luteum (24) The rupture ...
Pituitary Gland - inetTeacher.com
... What happens to the body with the disease above? What disease can you get if you have hypersecretion of growth hormone in adulthood? What happens to the face, etc.? What happens to the teeth? What is the treatment for this disease? ________________________ What disease do you have if you have hypose ...
... What happens to the body with the disease above? What disease can you get if you have hypersecretion of growth hormone in adulthood? What happens to the face, etc.? What happens to the teeth? What is the treatment for this disease? ________________________ What disease do you have if you have hypose ...
Symptoms - Ning.com
... Diabetes Esophagitis Influenza • Use paraphrasings mined from text to handle ...
... Diabetes Esophagitis Influenza • Use paraphrasings mined from text to handle ...
Introduction to Biology II
... Chronic fatigue syndrome is a disorder whose primary symptom is usually intense fatigue. Though the syndrome likely has multiple causes, some maintain that autoimmune damage to the brain stem is the principal mechanism in a significant subset of cases. Dysautonomia is a malfunction of the autonomic ...
... Chronic fatigue syndrome is a disorder whose primary symptom is usually intense fatigue. Though the syndrome likely has multiple causes, some maintain that autoimmune damage to the brain stem is the principal mechanism in a significant subset of cases. Dysautonomia is a malfunction of the autonomic ...
Endocrine System
... produced by the adrenals is precisely balanced. Like many other hormones, cortisol is regulated by the brain’s hypothalamus and the pituitary gland, a bean sized organ at the base of the brain. First, the hypothalamus sends a “releasing hormone” CRH (corticotropin releasing hormone) to the pituitary ...
... produced by the adrenals is precisely balanced. Like many other hormones, cortisol is regulated by the brain’s hypothalamus and the pituitary gland, a bean sized organ at the base of the brain. First, the hypothalamus sends a “releasing hormone” CRH (corticotropin releasing hormone) to the pituitary ...
Autoimmune Diseases
... • Autoimmune diseases are the result of damage to the body by the presence of autoantibodies or autoreactive cells • About 2% of the population are affected by such diseases • There is a breakdown of self tolerance in these individuals • Self tolerance is brought about by such mechanisms as clonal d ...
... • Autoimmune diseases are the result of damage to the body by the presence of autoantibodies or autoreactive cells • About 2% of the population are affected by such diseases • There is a breakdown of self tolerance in these individuals • Self tolerance is brought about by such mechanisms as clonal d ...
UCLA Endocrinology continues to provide expertise
... from thyroid cancer. When an endocronologist in UCLA’s South Bay practice performs a biopsy, an on-site cytotechnologist helps prepare the specimen, ensuring the sample is adequate so the biopsy will not have to be repeated. Biopsy samples are sent to UCLA’s centralized pathology service in Westwood ...
... from thyroid cancer. When an endocronologist in UCLA’s South Bay practice performs a biopsy, an on-site cytotechnologist helps prepare the specimen, ensuring the sample is adequate so the biopsy will not have to be repeated. Biopsy samples are sent to UCLA’s centralized pathology service in Westwood ...
Endocrinology - NCORD Healthcare LLC
... scrotum below the penis in males, secrete androgens, mainly testosterone, that control sexual development,puberty, facial hair, sexual behavior, libido, erectile function, and the formation of spermatozoa (spermatogenesis). Pancreas - located in the abdomen. The pancreas is both an endocrine gland a ...
... scrotum below the penis in males, secrete androgens, mainly testosterone, that control sexual development,puberty, facial hair, sexual behavior, libido, erectile function, and the formation of spermatozoa (spermatogenesis). Pancreas - located in the abdomen. The pancreas is both an endocrine gland a ...
Chalazion A chalazion is a swelling in the eyelid
... A chalazion is a swelling in the eyelid caused by inflammation of one of the small oilproducing glands located in the upper and lower eyelids. A chalazion is sometimes confused with a stye, which also appears as a lump in the eyelid. However, a stye is an infection of a lash follicle and forms a red ...
... A chalazion is a swelling in the eyelid caused by inflammation of one of the small oilproducing glands located in the upper and lower eyelids. A chalazion is sometimes confused with a stye, which also appears as a lump in the eyelid. However, a stye is an infection of a lash follicle and forms a red ...
Natural Hormone Replacement Therapy
... longer experiencing optimal results from Synthroid. Start with 2 capsules tid and reduce as function returns. Both GTA and Meda-Stim work better with low carbohydrate diets to stabilize insulin levels ...
... longer experiencing optimal results from Synthroid. Start with 2 capsules tid and reduce as function returns. Both GTA and Meda-Stim work better with low carbohydrate diets to stabilize insulin levels ...
Sex affects health - University of San Francisco (USF)
... making links to specific causative agents difficult. When a person is first infected (day 0), usually no symptoms are apparent. Signs and symptoms of autoimmune disease are clearly present and easily confirmed by physicians during the chronic stage of autoimmunity. However, the infection has been cl ...
... making links to specific causative agents difficult. When a person is first infected (day 0), usually no symptoms are apparent. Signs and symptoms of autoimmune disease are clearly present and easily confirmed by physicians during the chronic stage of autoimmunity. However, the infection has been cl ...
Graves' disease
Graves' disease, also known as toxic diffuse goiter and Flajani-Basedow-Graves disease, is an autoimmune disease that affects the thyroid. It frequently results in hyperthyroidism and an enlarged thyroid. Signs and symptoms of hyperthyroidism may include irritability, muscle weakness, sleeping problems, a fast heartbeat, poor tolerance of heat, diarrhea, and weight loss. Other symptoms may include thickening of the skin on the shins, known as pretibial myxedema, and eye problems such as bulging, a condition known as Graves' ophthalmopathy. About 25% to 80% of people develop eye problems.The exact cause is unclear; however, it is believed to involve a combination of genetic and environmental factors. A person is more likely to be affected if they have a family member with the disease. If one twin is affected there is a 30% chance the other twin will also have the disease. The onset of disease may be triggered by stress, infection, or giving birth. Those with other autoimmune diseases such as type 1 diabetes and rheumatoid arthritis are more likely to be affected. Smoking increases the risk of disease and may make the eye problems worse. The disorder results from an antibody, called thyroid stimulating immunoglobulin (TSI), that has a similar effect to thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH). These antibodies cause the thyroid gland to produce excess thyroid hormone. The diagnosis may be suspected based on symptoms with blood tests and radioiodine uptake used to confirm the disease. Typically blood tests show a raised T3 and T4, low TSH, increased radioiodine uptake in all areas of the thyroid, and TSI antibodies.There are three treatment options: radioiodine therapy, medications, and thyroid surgery. Radioiodine therapy involves taking iodine-131 by mouth which is then concentrated in and destroys the thyroid over weeks to months. The resulting hypothyroidism is treated with synthetic thyroid hormone. Medications such as beta blockers may control the symptoms and anti-thyroid medications such as methimazole may temporarily help people while other treatments are having effect. Surgery to remove the thyroid is another option. Eye problems may require additional treatments.Graves' disease occurs in about 0.5% of people. It occurs about 7.5 times more often in women than men. Often it starts between the ages of forty and sixty. It is the most common cause of hyperthyroidism in the United States (about 50% to 80% of cases). The condition is named after Robert Graves who described it in 1835. A number of prior descriptions also exist.