Brighter than Gold: Figurative Language in User
... are similes that cannot be rephrased as metaphors, and the other way around (Israel et al., 2004). This suggests that figurativeness in similes should be modeled differently than in metaphors. To further underline the necessity of a computational model for similes, we give the first estimate of thei ...
... are similes that cannot be rephrased as metaphors, and the other way around (Israel et al., 2004). This suggests that figurativeness in similes should be modeled differently than in metaphors. To further underline the necessity of a computational model for similes, we give the first estimate of thei ...
The Importance of Motivation in Second Language Acquisition
... we are motivated to achieve "self-actualization". Bruner (1966, cited in chalak & Kassaian 2010) claimed that one of the most effective ways to help students is to free them from the control of rewards. In some cases, the two kinds of motivation may overlap to some degree because one may be motivate ...
... we are motivated to achieve "self-actualization". Bruner (1966, cited in chalak & Kassaian 2010) claimed that one of the most effective ways to help students is to free them from the control of rewards. In some cases, the two kinds of motivation may overlap to some degree because one may be motivate ...
From Cultural Selection to Genetic Selection: A Framework for the
... with a few parameters for each linguistic rule or constraint, and choose the right one for the specific language they encounter. This conception faces some difficulties, which as far as we are concerned, seem pretty much insurmountable: (i) it cannot account for the obvious fact that languages are d ...
... with a few parameters for each linguistic rule or constraint, and choose the right one for the specific language they encounter. This conception faces some difficulties, which as far as we are concerned, seem pretty much insurmountable: (i) it cannot account for the obvious fact that languages are d ...
Toward a Mechanistic Understanding of Linguistic Diversity
... a program for future research on the topic by highlighting methodological and theoretical considerations for explaining patterns of linguistic diversity. In particular, we draw on previous empirical and theoretical work to outline the mechanisms that drive linguistic cladogenesis and disparity. We c ...
... a program for future research on the topic by highlighting methodological and theoretical considerations for explaining patterns of linguistic diversity. In particular, we draw on previous empirical and theoretical work to outline the mechanisms that drive linguistic cladogenesis and disparity. We c ...
How language changed the genes: toward an explicit account of the
... Our point of departure is a theoretical reappraisal of Chomsky’s long-standing hypothesis of the autonomy of syntactic structures from meaning considerations. As we have already indicated, recent empirical research on the interface between syntactic and semantic representations consistently demonstr ...
... Our point of departure is a theoretical reappraisal of Chomsky’s long-standing hypothesis of the autonomy of syntactic structures from meaning considerations. As we have already indicated, recent empirical research on the interface between syntactic and semantic representations consistently demonstr ...
Learning Morphology by Itself1 - Mediterranean Morphology Meetings
... phonologically weak, often unstressed, word boundary positions. Moreover, they convey fairly abstract and procedural semantic content (i.e. morpho-syntactic properties), having very few if any perceptual correlates in the grounding environment where words are uttered. Finally, when a language offers ...
... phonologically weak, often unstressed, word boundary positions. Moreover, they convey fairly abstract and procedural semantic content (i.e. morpho-syntactic properties), having very few if any perceptual correlates in the grounding environment where words are uttered. Finally, when a language offers ...
Tailoring language provision and requirements
... in which they started to realise themselves as persons (personal identity), as members of a family and social group (social identity), and in which they developed values important for their lives (cultural/ religious identity). The more people have to leave behind, the more important their first lan ...
... in which they started to realise themselves as persons (personal identity), as members of a family and social group (social identity), and in which they developed values important for their lives (cultural/ religious identity). The more people have to leave behind, the more important their first lan ...
Cognitive Development in Infancy
... As we first noted in Chapter 1, Piaget’s theory is based on a stage approach to development. He assumed that all children pass through a series of four universal stages in a fixed order from birth through adolescence: sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete operational, and formal operational. He als ...
... As we first noted in Chapter 1, Piaget’s theory is based on a stage approach to development. He assumed that all children pass through a series of four universal stages in a fixed order from birth through adolescence: sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete operational, and formal operational. He als ...
Cultural Aspects of Japanese Family Address Terms as Part of
... (3) Any successful second/foreign language acquisition must be understood as acquisition of both target language forms and functions. (4) Acculturation is a crucial part of the learning process itself, without which native-like use of the target language would be impossible. Japanese Family Address ...
... (3) Any successful second/foreign language acquisition must be understood as acquisition of both target language forms and functions. (4) Acculturation is a crucial part of the learning process itself, without which native-like use of the target language would be impossible. Japanese Family Address ...
Infant Lab Newsletter 2010_2
... we will be observing how infants match auditory with visual information and whether they follow the direction of gaze of a human face. At the second visit, between 4 and 9 months, we will look at an infant’s ability to distinguish his or her own name from other names, as well as the ability to pay a ...
... we will be observing how infants match auditory with visual information and whether they follow the direction of gaze of a human face. At the second visit, between 4 and 9 months, we will look at an infant’s ability to distinguish his or her own name from other names, as well as the ability to pay a ...
Jeff Elman In what ways does language aid human cognition and
... Processing language involves: a. voluntarily controlling vocalizations b. putting together words into an order as dictated by the language's grammar c. retrieving the meaning of a word d. B and C e. A, B, and C" True/False The brain areas that process language are only used for processing language. ...
... Processing language involves: a. voluntarily controlling vocalizations b. putting together words into an order as dictated by the language's grammar c. retrieving the meaning of a word d. B and C e. A, B, and C" True/False The brain areas that process language are only used for processing language. ...
Ottenheimer Chapter 2 Language and Culture Introduction Learning
... possible. One linguist describes this as squishing the meanings. Latin is an example. ...
... possible. One linguist describes this as squishing the meanings. Latin is an example. ...
Sample
... Attempts to teach apes to use American Sign Language have failed, but researchers have successfully taught chimpanzees to speak at a level of competence comparable to that of a four-year-old human child. ...
... Attempts to teach apes to use American Sign Language have failed, but researchers have successfully taught chimpanzees to speak at a level of competence comparable to that of a four-year-old human child. ...
Glottodidactics
... Affective factors such as learners’ personalities can influence the degree of anxiety they experience and their readiness to take risks in learning and using an L2. ...
... Affective factors such as learners’ personalities can influence the degree of anxiety they experience and their readiness to take risks in learning and using an L2. ...
The psychology of second language acquisition
... inferred abstraction of “ rules” or restructuring.) Learning is change in the strength of these connections; ...
... inferred abstraction of “ rules” or restructuring.) Learning is change in the strength of these connections; ...
At two months of age
... • Attainment of equal fluency is not typically attained. When less fluency occurs in the language in which the child is schooled, problems may arise. • Preschool and school-aged children: advantage in metalinguistic ability • Infants: language vocabulary divided between two languages; lag in word kn ...
... • Attainment of equal fluency is not typically attained. When less fluency occurs in the language in which the child is schooled, problems may arise. • Preschool and school-aged children: advantage in metalinguistic ability • Infants: language vocabulary divided between two languages; lag in word kn ...
Thinking and Language Chapter 10
... that language determines the way we think. - To say that language determines the way we think is much too strong. But our words INFLUENCE what we think. To expand language is expanding the ability to think. - Knowing more than one language improves self esteem. ...
... that language determines the way we think. - To say that language determines the way we think is much too strong. But our words INFLUENCE what we think. To expand language is expanding the ability to think. - Knowing more than one language improves self esteem. ...
editorial introduction - Psychology of Language and Communication
... main questions the authors attempt to answer are: 1) how much of prior (innate) mechanisms do we need to assume before syntax can be learned? and 2) to what degree can syntactic rules be learned on the basis of exposure to language? The third article is a kind of exemplification of the interrelation ...
... main questions the authors attempt to answer are: 1) how much of prior (innate) mechanisms do we need to assume before syntax can be learned? and 2) to what degree can syntactic rules be learned on the basis of exposure to language? The third article is a kind of exemplification of the interrelation ...
Chapter 6 outline
... during the sensorimotor stage of development suggest that infants show the beginnings of problem-solving. Infants are capable of solving problems by combining several subgoals to reach an interesting toy. Problem-solving can even stake on complex qualities. In some circumstances, very young children ...
... during the sensorimotor stage of development suggest that infants show the beginnings of problem-solving. Infants are capable of solving problems by combining several subgoals to reach an interesting toy. Problem-solving can even stake on complex qualities. In some circumstances, very young children ...
Linguistics in Cognitive Science - Homepages | The University of
... 17 year old has about 60,000 words Must learn about 10 new words a day 6 year old has about 13,000 words Child learns a new word every two hours ...
... 17 year old has about 60,000 words Must learn about 10 new words a day 6 year old has about 13,000 words Child learns a new word every two hours ...
Diapositiva 1
... gradual build-up of automaticity through practice. – They seem rather to be based on the interaction of knowledge we already have, or on the acquisition of new knowledge (without extensive practice) which fits into an existing system and causes it to be restructured. This can lead to a positive or n ...
... gradual build-up of automaticity through practice. – They seem rather to be based on the interaction of knowledge we already have, or on the acquisition of new knowledge (without extensive practice) which fits into an existing system and causes it to be restructured. This can lead to a positive or n ...
Structure of Words&Sentences
... – How many are at risk (under 20,000 speakers)? • Nearly 4,000 – How many have fewer than 100 speakers? • Nearly 500. ...
... – How many are at risk (under 20,000 speakers)? • Nearly 4,000 – How many have fewer than 100 speakers? • Nearly 500. ...
PowerPoint Presentation - Language in Cognitive Science
... frowns, etc.) -- gestures (hand movement, body positioning, posture, etc.) ...
... frowns, etc.) -- gestures (hand movement, body positioning, posture, etc.) ...
