Fluorescence
... dissolved. The solubility of the dye in the resin hasn’t been carefully measured, but isn’t much higher than 1%. At a dosage of 1%, the hardened epoxy is visibly yellow. Some of the epoxy impregnated thin sections you are looking at today had dosages less than 1%. These thin sections will not fluore ...
... dissolved. The solubility of the dye in the resin hasn’t been carefully measured, but isn’t much higher than 1%. At a dosage of 1%, the hardened epoxy is visibly yellow. Some of the epoxy impregnated thin sections you are looking at today had dosages less than 1%. These thin sections will not fluore ...
Waves
... oscillation at that point is the algebraic sum of oscillations caused by the individual waves. Interference of waves When two waves of the same nature, same polarization direction (for transverse waves), same frequency, constant phase difference and almost the same amplitude meet, a steady interfere ...
... oscillation at that point is the algebraic sum of oscillations caused by the individual waves. Interference of waves When two waves of the same nature, same polarization direction (for transverse waves), same frequency, constant phase difference and almost the same amplitude meet, a steady interfere ...
POLARIZATION
... The geometric figure traced by the sum of the electric field vectors over time is, in general, an ellipse as shown in Figure 2. Under certain conditions the ellipse may collapse into a straight line, in which case the polarization is called linear. In the other extreme, when the two components are o ...
... The geometric figure traced by the sum of the electric field vectors over time is, in general, an ellipse as shown in Figure 2. Under certain conditions the ellipse may collapse into a straight line, in which case the polarization is called linear. In the other extreme, when the two components are o ...
Zeno effect in degree of polarization of a single photon or quantum
... where the effective spin-1/2 system is the transverse polarization of a single photon. In such a case the quantum-state purity is equivalent to the classic degree of polarization. In the classic program of the Zeno effect, the photon should experience a transformation that changes the degree of pola ...
... where the effective spin-1/2 system is the transverse polarization of a single photon. In such a case the quantum-state purity is equivalent to the classic degree of polarization. In the classic program of the Zeno effect, the photon should experience a transformation that changes the degree of pola ...
Where does light come from?
... • Luminous and non-luminous objects A luminous object is one that produces light. ...
... • Luminous and non-luminous objects A luminous object is one that produces light. ...
Optical Broadband Angular Selectivity Yichen Shen, Dexin Ye, Ivan Celanovic,
... ratios. Some progress has been made towards achieving broadband angular selectivity by means of metallic extraordinary transmission (12, 13), anisotropic metamaterials (14), combined use of polarizers and birefringent films (11), or geometrical optics at micrometer scale (15). The first two of these ...
... ratios. Some progress has been made towards achieving broadband angular selectivity by means of metallic extraordinary transmission (12, 13), anisotropic metamaterials (14), combined use of polarizers and birefringent films (11), or geometrical optics at micrometer scale (15). The first two of these ...
Monomolecular Layers and Light
... Equation 2 is the general wave function for the transmitted electric field (the evanescent wave we are interested in) where k is the propagation vector for the electric field and ω is the angular frequency. Equation 3 is the condition that arises when sinθi > nti by which our evanescent wave exists. ...
... Equation 2 is the general wave function for the transmitted electric field (the evanescent wave we are interested in) where k is the propagation vector for the electric field and ω is the angular frequency. Equation 3 is the condition that arises when sinθi > nti by which our evanescent wave exists. ...
6. Light Scattering, Reflection, and Refraction
... Light Scattering When light encounters matter, matter not only reemits light in the forward direction (leading to absorption and refractive index), but it also re-emits light in all other directions. This is called scattering. Light scattering is everywhere. All molecules scatter light. Surfaces sc ...
... Light Scattering When light encounters matter, matter not only reemits light in the forward direction (leading to absorption and refractive index), but it also re-emits light in all other directions. This is called scattering. Light scattering is everywhere. All molecules scatter light. Surfaces sc ...
Wave Light Test
... 9. Both microwaves and visible light are parts of the electromagnetic spectrum and display the same wave properties. A microwave transmitter produces plane-polarised waves. A wire grid is placed in front of the transmitter as shown below. It is rotated in the plane ABCD. A maximum value of 100 mA i ...
... 9. Both microwaves and visible light are parts of the electromagnetic spectrum and display the same wave properties. A microwave transmitter produces plane-polarised waves. A wire grid is placed in front of the transmitter as shown below. It is rotated in the plane ABCD. A maximum value of 100 mA i ...
ray_optics_su2014
... 2a. Total Reflection (Snell’s Window) • At the “critical angle” the refracted beam is at 90, so it can’t get out. • Greater than this “critical angle” there is 100% reflection • Snell’s Window: from underwater a fish sees the entire area above surface in a cone. Outside the cone light is totally r ...
... 2a. Total Reflection (Snell’s Window) • At the “critical angle” the refracted beam is at 90, so it can’t get out. • Greater than this “critical angle” there is 100% reflection • Snell’s Window: from underwater a fish sees the entire area above surface in a cone. Outside the cone light is totally r ...
Chapter 7:
... • The unique axis is the optical axis. • When light is passed through the material, it splits into two beams travelling at different speeds due to different refractive indices. • Birefringence can only occur for crystals displaying asymmetry. ...
... • The unique axis is the optical axis. • When light is passed through the material, it splits into two beams travelling at different speeds due to different refractive indices. • Birefringence can only occur for crystals displaying asymmetry. ...
Giant Gyrotropy due to Electromagnetic
... subscript indices refer to the state of polarizer and analyzer. In these terms circular dichroism of, for example, sinistral structure is defined as jtS j2 jtS j2 while circular differential phase delay (responsible for circular birefringence) is defined as argtS argtS . To ...
... subscript indices refer to the state of polarizer and analyzer. In these terms circular dichroism of, for example, sinistral structure is defined as jtS j2 jtS j2 while circular differential phase delay (responsible for circular birefringence) is defined as argtS argtS . To ...
1. Wave Nature of Light
... 2. Gaussian beam in a cavity with spherical mirrors Consider an optical cavity formed b two aligned spherical mirrors facing each other as shown in Figure 1.1. Such an optical cavity is called a spherical mirror resonator, and is most commonly used in gas lasers. Sometimes, one of the reflectors is ...
... 2. Gaussian beam in a cavity with spherical mirrors Consider an optical cavity formed b two aligned spherical mirrors facing each other as shown in Figure 1.1. Such an optical cavity is called a spherical mirror resonator, and is most commonly used in gas lasers. Sometimes, one of the reflectors is ...
Light Years
... 1. During this activity, you were modeling a light year. In the model, what represents the light and what represents the year? In the model, the student represents the light and the minute represents the year. 2. How is a “student minute” similar to a “light year”? A student minute is similar to a l ...
... 1. During this activity, you were modeling a light year. In the model, what represents the light and what represents the year? In the model, the student represents the light and the minute represents the year. 2. How is a “student minute” similar to a “light year”? A student minute is similar to a l ...
L16
... not molecules) are placed in a strong magnetic field (~ 1 tesla), splitting of electronic energy levels takes place. The simplest splitting of one energy level results in three energy levels, one at a higher energy, another at a lower energy (two s satellite lines) and the third remains at the same ...
... not molecules) are placed in a strong magnetic field (~ 1 tesla), splitting of electronic energy levels takes place. The simplest splitting of one energy level results in three energy levels, one at a higher energy, another at a lower energy (two s satellite lines) and the third remains at the same ...
PhysicsTutor
... • An extremely thin film of soapy water (n=1.35) sits on top of a flat glass plate with n=1.50. The soap film has an orange-red colour when ...
... • An extremely thin film of soapy water (n=1.35) sits on top of a flat glass plate with n=1.50. The soap film has an orange-red colour when ...
Interference 1 - schoolphysics
... 5. A helicopter rises vertically above the sea 1 km from a radio transmitter. It is found that the radio reception varies in amplitude, maxima occurring every 10 m within the first 200 m above the sea. If the transmitter is 150 m above sea level explain this effect and calculate the wavelength of th ...
... 5. A helicopter rises vertically above the sea 1 km from a radio transmitter. It is found that the radio reception varies in amplitude, maxima occurring every 10 m within the first 200 m above the sea. If the transmitter is 150 m above sea level explain this effect and calculate the wavelength of th ...
Theory of relativistic optical harmonic generation
... of the electric-dipole approximation, both in the calculation of the nonlinear susceptibility and in terms of calculating how the response of the medium leads to the generation of new frequency components. Detailed examination of the tensor nature of the nonlinear susceptibility for an isotropic non ...
... of the electric-dipole approximation, both in the calculation of the nonlinear susceptibility and in terms of calculating how the response of the medium leads to the generation of new frequency components. Detailed examination of the tensor nature of the nonlinear susceptibility for an isotropic non ...
optics(conceptuals)
... What is the phase difference between two particles on a wavefront? (i) A plane wavefront is incident normally on a convex lens. Draw the refracted wavefront. (ii) Draw the wavefronts emerging out of a convex lens when a point source of light is placed at its focus. Sketch the variation of intensity ...
... What is the phase difference between two particles on a wavefront? (i) A plane wavefront is incident normally on a convex lens. Draw the refracted wavefront. (ii) Draw the wavefronts emerging out of a convex lens when a point source of light is placed at its focus. Sketch the variation of intensity ...
Rev.Sci.Instrum.
... n x , n z , and the thickness t. Waveguide modes can be successfully employed for determining the properties of anisotropic media without any ambiguity in the interpretation of the data. Waveguide mode resonances can be very sharp with a half-width of a couple of hundredths of a degree. The goniomet ...
... n x , n z , and the thickness t. Waveguide modes can be successfully employed for determining the properties of anisotropic media without any ambiguity in the interpretation of the data. Waveguide mode resonances can be very sharp with a half-width of a couple of hundredths of a degree. The goniomet ...
Circular Polarization in Star- Formation Regions
... circularly polarized radiation could be due to synchrotron radiation from supernova remnants or pulsars (3, 9). However, the best example of a young supernova remnant of a type that would be expected to be a source of ultraviolet (UV) light, the Crab Nebula and its pulsar, shows no CP either in the ...
... circularly polarized radiation could be due to synchrotron radiation from supernova remnants or pulsars (3, 9). However, the best example of a young supernova remnant of a type that would be expected to be a source of ultraviolet (UV) light, the Crab Nebula and its pulsar, shows no CP either in the ...
Light Microscopy
... Alignment and Adjustment of the Light Microscope. Current Protocols in Cell Biology 4.1.1-4.1.26, John Wiley and Sons, N.Y. • Murphy, D. 2001. Fundamentals of Light Microscopy and Electronic Imaging. Wiley-Liss, N.Y. • Keller, H.E. 1995. Objective lenses for confocal microscopy. In “Handbook of bi ...
... Alignment and Adjustment of the Light Microscope. Current Protocols in Cell Biology 4.1.1-4.1.26, John Wiley and Sons, N.Y. • Murphy, D. 2001. Fundamentals of Light Microscopy and Electronic Imaging. Wiley-Liss, N.Y. • Keller, H.E. 1995. Objective lenses for confocal microscopy. In “Handbook of bi ...
Understanding Waves: Seismic Waves and Ultrasound
... • When light reflects from an even surface it’s all reflected at the same angle – CLEAR REFLECTION. • Angle of incidence = Angle of reflection ...
... • When light reflects from an even surface it’s all reflected at the same angle – CLEAR REFLECTION. • Angle of incidence = Angle of reflection ...
Polarizer
A polarizer or polariser is an optical filter that passes light of a specific polarization and blocks waves of other polarizations. It can convert a beam of light of undefined or mixed polarization into a beam with well-defined polarization, polarized light. The common types of polarizers are linear polarizers and circular polarizers. Polarizers are used in many optical techniques and instruments, and polarizing filters find applications in photography and liquid crystal display technology. Polarizers can also be made for other types of electromagnetic waves besides light, such as radio waves, microwaves, and X-rays.