THz generation by optical rectification of near
... Optical rectification of femtosecond laser pulses in an electro-optic crystal is an often used method for the generation of broadband THz pulses [1]. A high conversion efficiency in this process is crucial for both THz imaging and spectroscopy applications, because it leads to a high signal-to-noise ...
... Optical rectification of femtosecond laser pulses in an electro-optic crystal is an often used method for the generation of broadband THz pulses [1]. A high conversion efficiency in this process is crucial for both THz imaging and spectroscopy applications, because it leads to a high signal-to-noise ...
N,N`-diisopropylthiourea and N,N` - South African Journal of Science
... attracted considerable attention because of their superior luminescent characteristics, compared to those of their bulk counterparts.2–5 These unique properties have led to many applications, such as optical coatings, solid-state solar cell windows, electro-optic modulators, photoconductors, field-e ...
... attracted considerable attention because of their superior luminescent characteristics, compared to those of their bulk counterparts.2–5 These unique properties have led to many applications, such as optical coatings, solid-state solar cell windows, electro-optic modulators, photoconductors, field-e ...
06 _chapter 2
... The advantages which the soft ferrites have over other electromagnetic materials include their inherent high resistivity which results in low eddy current losses over wide frequency ranges, high magnetic permeability and stability over wide temperature ranges. For inductor cores, transformer cores a ...
... The advantages which the soft ferrites have over other electromagnetic materials include their inherent high resistivity which results in low eddy current losses over wide frequency ranges, high magnetic permeability and stability over wide temperature ranges. For inductor cores, transformer cores a ...
- University of Bath Opus
... formed according to Reaction (3). The final morphology of the resulting boehmite material strongly depends on the pH conditions during the synthesis. In acidic conditions, the presence of excess protons disrupts the hydrogen bonding between the layers allowing the lamellar boehmite structure to be s ...
... formed according to Reaction (3). The final morphology of the resulting boehmite material strongly depends on the pH conditions during the synthesis. In acidic conditions, the presence of excess protons disrupts the hydrogen bonding between the layers allowing the lamellar boehmite structure to be s ...
The presence of different oxidation states of cations in optical hosts
... (d) of Co:SLGO (2 mol.%) single crystal after c-irradiation with a dose of 105 –106 Gy (b), annealing in the air for 16 h and additional annealing of the same sample in oxygen for subsequent 16 h (c) and irradiation with 1 MeV electrons with a fluency of 1017 el/cm2 (d). All these treatments were per ...
... (d) of Co:SLGO (2 mol.%) single crystal after c-irradiation with a dose of 105 –106 Gy (b), annealing in the air for 16 h and additional annealing of the same sample in oxygen for subsequent 16 h (c) and irradiation with 1 MeV electrons with a fluency of 1017 el/cm2 (d). All these treatments were per ...
Chemical Resistance Testing of UV Exposed Pipe
... is not exposed to direct sunlight as it is an ‘inside the house’ application. Some exposure to sunlight can, however, potentially occur during installation or storage of the material at the work site. For this reason, manufacturers provide packaging and handling guidelines to minimize exposure to su ...
... is not exposed to direct sunlight as it is an ‘inside the house’ application. Some exposure to sunlight can, however, potentially occur during installation or storage of the material at the work site. For this reason, manufacturers provide packaging and handling guidelines to minimize exposure to su ...
IOSR Journal of Applied Physics (IOSRJAP)
... optical second harmonic generation (SHG) because of their applications in opto-electronics and photonics [1, 2]. They have wide applications in the field of telecommunications and optical information storage devices. Amino acid family crystals are promising materials for these applications. In recen ...
... optical second harmonic generation (SHG) because of their applications in opto-electronics and photonics [1, 2]. They have wide applications in the field of telecommunications and optical information storage devices. Amino acid family crystals are promising materials for these applications. In recen ...
Studies of Oxygen Deficient Complex Cobaltates with Perovskite Related Structures.
... this is therefore the reason for the formation of hexagonal structure in this system. Another factor that may lead to lowering of the symmetry from cubic involves Jahn–Teller effects. Compounds involving ions having an odd number of electrons in the eg orbitals will experience this effect; these in ...
... this is therefore the reason for the formation of hexagonal structure in this system. Another factor that may lead to lowering of the symmetry from cubic involves Jahn–Teller effects. Compounds involving ions having an odd number of electrons in the eg orbitals will experience this effect; these in ...
Failure Modes
... Fatigue: Cracks are initiated at little defects & propagate step wise through the component . Fatigue is a form of failure occurs in materials subjected to fluctuating stresses. • The term fatigue is used because this type of failure normally occurs after a lengthy period of repeated stress cycling ...
... Fatigue: Cracks are initiated at little defects & propagate step wise through the component . Fatigue is a form of failure occurs in materials subjected to fluctuating stresses. • The term fatigue is used because this type of failure normally occurs after a lengthy period of repeated stress cycling ...
Synthesis, Growth and characterization of L-Histidine
... Key words: Single crystal; XRD; microhardness; dielectric constant; thermal studies; NLO ...
... Key words: Single crystal; XRD; microhardness; dielectric constant; thermal studies; NLO ...
Plastic deformation of Fe–Al polycrystals strengthened with Zr
... in [13]. The present work aims at a more detailed study of the mechanical behaviour of Fe–Al–Zr alloys with a strengthening Laves phase, including the strain rate sensitivity of the flow stress and the microstructure of deformed samples of selected materials of this system. First results were presen ...
... in [13]. The present work aims at a more detailed study of the mechanical behaviour of Fe–Al–Zr alloys with a strengthening Laves phase, including the strain rate sensitivity of the flow stress and the microstructure of deformed samples of selected materials of this system. First results were presen ...
Organic Semiconductors - Physik Uni
... With the invention of the transistor around the middle of the last century, inorganic semiconductors such as Si or Ge began to take over the role as the dominant material in electronics from the previously dominant metals. At the same time, the replacement of vacuum tube based electronics by solid s ...
... With the invention of the transistor around the middle of the last century, inorganic semiconductors such as Si or Ge began to take over the role as the dominant material in electronics from the previously dominant metals. At the same time, the replacement of vacuum tube based electronics by solid s ...
Synthesis of cadmium-doped copper oxide nanoparticles
... reduction, both of which require inherent multistep processes, gas-phase methods are capable of continuous production of nanoparticles with a single step. Therefore, many modifications of the gas-phase method including inert gas condensation, sputtering, microwave synthesis, and spray pyrolysis have ...
... reduction, both of which require inherent multistep processes, gas-phase methods are capable of continuous production of nanoparticles with a single step. Therefore, many modifications of the gas-phase method including inert gas condensation, sputtering, microwave synthesis, and spray pyrolysis have ...
Ultrasound Primer / Basics
... element from the testing environment. In the case of contact transducers, the wear plate must be a durable and corrosion resistant material in order to withstand the wear caused by use on materials such as steel. For immersion, angle beam, and delay line transducers the wear plate has the additional ...
... element from the testing environment. In the case of contact transducers, the wear plate must be a durable and corrosion resistant material in order to withstand the wear caused by use on materials such as steel. For immersion, angle beam, and delay line transducers the wear plate has the additional ...
THE INFLUENCE OF NITROGEN PRESSURE ON THE
... and microidentation methods. It was found, that the coatings formed by means of vacuum-arc method are two-phase objects. The change of nitrogen pressure from 2.0∙10-4 to 5.0∙10-4 Тоrr during the deposition increases the contents of its atoms in the condensate from 2.7 to 21.62 %, and this is accompa ...
... and microidentation methods. It was found, that the coatings formed by means of vacuum-arc method are two-phase objects. The change of nitrogen pressure from 2.0∙10-4 to 5.0∙10-4 Тоrr during the deposition increases the contents of its atoms in the condensate from 2.7 to 21.62 %, and this is accompa ...
Synthetic Strategies, Structure Patterns, and Emerging
... solid (compare parts d and f). The facility with which the ion exchange occurs coupled with the fact that the morphology of its crystalline particles is retained throughout the exchange process is further evidence that the anions are diffusing into the framework without any dissolution/recrystalliza ...
... solid (compare parts d and f). The facility with which the ion exchange occurs coupled with the fact that the morphology of its crystalline particles is retained throughout the exchange process is further evidence that the anions are diffusing into the framework without any dissolution/recrystalliza ...
Biomimetic design of materials and biomaterials inspired by the
... Weiner & Addadi 1997). In many cases, it involves the deposition of the inorganic component in a very well-organized three-dimensional organic template, made of macromolecules, proteins or polysaccharides, typically rich in carboxylate groups and, in many cases, phosphate or sulphate groups. Such ch ...
... Weiner & Addadi 1997). In many cases, it involves the deposition of the inorganic component in a very well-organized three-dimensional organic template, made of macromolecules, proteins or polysaccharides, typically rich in carboxylate groups and, in many cases, phosphate or sulphate groups. Such ch ...
Surface Interactions and Microstructural Characterization of API
... pressure, friction or impact2. Although the milling is process frequently used in the course of drug formulation, one main concern is that the milled materials present characteristics such as poor control not only in the particle size, shape and electrostatic charge but on the surface interactions, ...
... pressure, friction or impact2. Although the milling is process frequently used in the course of drug formulation, one main concern is that the milled materials present characteristics such as poor control not only in the particle size, shape and electrostatic charge but on the surface interactions, ...
x-ray diffraction analysis in the forensic science: the last resort
... X-ray diffraction methods are especially significant for the analysis of solid materials in the forensic science. They are often the only methods that allow a further differentiation of materials under laboratory conditions. Smears, minute contact traces, small sample quantities, or tiny sample area ...
... X-ray diffraction methods are especially significant for the analysis of solid materials in the forensic science. They are often the only methods that allow a further differentiation of materials under laboratory conditions. Smears, minute contact traces, small sample quantities, or tiny sample area ...
Magnetic properties of quasi-one-dimensional antiferromagnets (Y1
... experiments on the mixed compounds (Y1 xNdx)2BaNiO5, x¼1, 0.75, 0.4, and 0.25, undertaken with the aim to study a crossover from the 1D quantum to the 3D classical behavior, have shown a paradoxical coexistence of the Haldane-gap excitations and spin waves in the ordered state [21–23]. This behavio ...
... experiments on the mixed compounds (Y1 xNdx)2BaNiO5, x¼1, 0.75, 0.4, and 0.25, undertaken with the aim to study a crossover from the 1D quantum to the 3D classical behavior, have shown a paradoxical coexistence of the Haldane-gap excitations and spin waves in the ordered state [21–23]. This behavio ...
Fundamentals of Multiferroic Materials and Their Possible Applications
... It is believed that Schmid first introduced the term “multiferroic” in 1994 [12]. Although the term multiferroic is rather recent, multiferroic materials and the possibility of magnetoelectric coupling in solids was first predicted by Curie in 1894 based on crystal symmetry considerations [13], whil ...
... It is believed that Schmid first introduced the term “multiferroic” in 1994 [12]. Although the term multiferroic is rather recent, multiferroic materials and the possibility of magnetoelectric coupling in solids was first predicted by Curie in 1894 based on crystal symmetry considerations [13], whil ...
What`s New in Electrotechnologies for Industrial Process Heating?
... workpiece. Moreover, the location of the heating can be confined to a specified area on the metal component to achieve accurate and consistent results. How Does It Work? Electromagnetic induction, or simply induction, is a way to heat electrically conductive materials, such as metals. An electromag ...
... workpiece. Moreover, the location of the heating can be confined to a specified area on the metal component to achieve accurate and consistent results. How Does It Work? Electromagnetic induction, or simply induction, is a way to heat electrically conductive materials, such as metals. An electromag ...
MAXENT distribution of grain sizes
... distribution that maximizes entropy is the least-biased estimate that can be made. It agrees with everything that is known but carefully avoids anything that is unknown. ...
... distribution that maximizes entropy is the least-biased estimate that can be made. It agrees with everything that is known but carefully avoids anything that is unknown. ...
Comparison of the electronic structures of four crystalline phases of
... functions used within each of the atomic spheres, with 1s, 2s, 2p, 3s, 3p, 3d, . . . denoting the valence wavefunctions for the self-consistent neutral atom and ²s, ²p, ²d, . . . indicating additional basis functions at energies ² used to improve the completeness of the representations. For these, t ...
... functions used within each of the atomic spheres, with 1s, 2s, 2p, 3s, 3p, 3d, . . . denoting the valence wavefunctions for the self-consistent neutral atom and ²s, ²p, ²d, . . . indicating additional basis functions at energies ² used to improve the completeness of the representations. For these, t ...
History of metamaterials
The history of metamaterials begins with artificial dielectrics in microwave engineering as it developed just after World War II. Yet, there are seminal explorations of artificial materials for manipulating electromagnetic waves at the end of the 19th century.Hence, the history of metamaterials is essentially a history of developing certain types of manufactured materials, which interact at radio frequency, microwave, and later optical frequencies.As the science of materials has advanced, photonic materials have been developed which use the photon of light as the fundamental carrier of information. This has led to photonic crystals, and at the beginning of the new millennium, the proof of principle for functioning metamaterials with a negative index of refraction in the microwave range at 10.5 Gigahertz. This was followed by the first proof of principle for metamaterial cloaking (shielding an object from view), also in the microwave range, about six years later. However, a cloak that can conceal objects across the entire electromagnetic spectrum is still decades away. Many physics and engineering problems need to be solved.Nevertheless, negative refractive materials have led to the development of metamaterial antennas and metamaterial microwave lenses for miniature wireless system antennas which are more efficient than their conventional counterparts. Also, metamaterial antennas are now commercially available. Meanwhile, subwavelength focusing with the superlens is also a part of present-day metamaterials research.