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Boron Nitride Nanostructured: Synthesis, Characterization and
Boron Nitride Nanostructured: Synthesis, Characterization and

... Sunscreens have been researched for a long time and currently they have been developed using the nanoscience and nanotechnology knowledge, as titanium dioxide, an important cosmetic used as sunscreen against ultraviolet radiations. However, for the protection against infrared radiation little has be ...
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Hitchhiker`s Guide to Magnetism
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... Materials in the first two groups are those that exhibit no collective magnetic interactions and are not magnetically ordered. Materials in the last three groups exhibit long-range magnetic order below a certain critical temperature. Ferromagnetic and ferrimagnetic materials are usually what we cons ...
PHYS 4740 Lecture notes 1
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... For tetrahedral Cu2 ZnSnS4 , this requires the sum of the cation valence electrons surrounding each anion is equal to eight since S has six valence electrons. Cu, Zn, Sn, and S have one, two, four, and six valence electrons, respectively, so when S is surrounded only by two Cu, one Zn, and one Sn ca ...
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... switching originating from intermolecular interactions (19). However, obtaining simultaneous ferroic orders and room temperature ME coupling properties in CT complexes remains challenging and represents an important topic in material chemistry and condensed matter science (20, 21), especially for th ...
Photonic Crystal Fibers
Photonic Crystal Fibers

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History of metamaterials



The history of metamaterials begins with artificial dielectrics in microwave engineering as it developed just after World War II. Yet, there are seminal explorations of artificial materials for manipulating electromagnetic waves at the end of the 19th century.Hence, the history of metamaterials is essentially a history of developing certain types of manufactured materials, which interact at radio frequency, microwave, and later optical frequencies.As the science of materials has advanced, photonic materials have been developed which use the photon of light as the fundamental carrier of information. This has led to photonic crystals, and at the beginning of the new millennium, the proof of principle for functioning metamaterials with a negative index of refraction in the microwave range at 10.5 Gigahertz. This was followed by the first proof of principle for metamaterial cloaking (shielding an object from view), also in the microwave range, about six years later. However, a cloak that can conceal objects across the entire electromagnetic spectrum is still decades away. Many physics and engineering problems need to be solved.Nevertheless, negative refractive materials have led to the development of metamaterial antennas and metamaterial microwave lenses for miniature wireless system antennas which are more efficient than their conventional counterparts. Also, metamaterial antennas are now commercially available. Meanwhile, subwavelength focusing with the superlens is also a part of present-day metamaterials research.
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