US Economic Growth in the Gilded Age
... and 1890 as .36 percent per year (Abramovitz, 1993, p. 223) or .37 percent per year (Abramovitz and David, 2000, p. 20). A rate of TFP increase of .37 percent per year for 35 years is pretty low, and implies a total rise in the level of TFP over the period of less than 14 percent. Can this rate of g ...
... and 1890 as .36 percent per year (Abramovitz, 1993, p. 223) or .37 percent per year (Abramovitz and David, 2000, p. 20). A rate of TFP increase of .37 percent per year for 35 years is pretty low, and implies a total rise in the level of TFP over the period of less than 14 percent. Can this rate of g ...
NBER WORKING PAPER SERIES THE CAUSES OF JAPAN’S ‘LOST DECADE’:
... Looking first at the change in growth rates (see the first column of Table 3), the growth rate of consumption declined by 2.03 percentage points between 1980-91 and 1991-2003, which is considerably less than the decline in the growth rate of GDP (2.75 percentage points). This confirms my earlier con ...
... Looking first at the change in growth rates (see the first column of Table 3), the growth rate of consumption declined by 2.03 percentage points between 1980-91 and 1991-2003, which is considerably less than the decline in the growth rate of GDP (2.75 percentage points). This confirms my earlier con ...
e Eastern Cape Socio-Economic Review and Outlook 2013
... Figure 3.9: GDP Growth Rates Provincial for Nelson Mandela Bay and Buffalo City................. 52 Figure 3.10: Provincial and District Municipality Growth Rates.................................................. 53 Figure 3.11: Year-on-Year Growth Rates of Manufacturing in District Municipalities.. ...
... Figure 3.9: GDP Growth Rates Provincial for Nelson Mandela Bay and Buffalo City................. 52 Figure 3.10: Provincial and District Municipality Growth Rates.................................................. 53 Figure 3.11: Year-on-Year Growth Rates of Manufacturing in District Municipalities.. ...
The Natural Resource Curse and Fiscal Decentralization
... because, as we show later, they bene…t less from agglomeration externalities (e.g., see Ciccone and Hall 1996) and public infrastructure.3 These two channels contribute to the potential drop in the nation’s total output level. The paper provides empirical evidence for the main hypothesis and key pre ...
... because, as we show later, they bene…t less from agglomeration externalities (e.g., see Ciccone and Hall 1996) and public infrastructure.3 These two channels contribute to the potential drop in the nation’s total output level. The paper provides empirical evidence for the main hypothesis and key pre ...
1 - EcoMod
... of public spending and growth, there is still no agreement on which categories of spending promote growth. The introduction of advanced econometric techniques and new variables in the empirical specifications could not solve the problem. One possible explanation for the mixed results obtained in the ...
... of public spending and growth, there is still no agreement on which categories of spending promote growth. The introduction of advanced econometric techniques and new variables in the empirical specifications could not solve the problem. One possible explanation for the mixed results obtained in the ...
Comparative Study of Export Policies in Egypt, Morocco
... a thirteen-fold increase in per capita GDP during the 1980-2010 period-is a particular instructive example in that it has achieved sharp increases in economic productivity and economic welfare through policies that an export-oriented strategy that enabled rapid access to technology and firms to capt ...
... a thirteen-fold increase in per capita GDP during the 1980-2010 period-is a particular instructive example in that it has achieved sharp increases in economic productivity and economic welfare through policies that an export-oriented strategy that enabled rapid access to technology and firms to capt ...
The Uses and Limitations of Real GDP
... same currency units as the real GDP of the other country. 2. The goods and services in both countries must be valued at the same prices. ...
... same currency units as the real GDP of the other country. 2. The goods and services in both countries must be valued at the same prices. ...
Bosnia and Herzegovina – Understanding Reform
... Bosnia- Herzegovina's (BiH) recent economic environment and development priorities have been primarily determined by the requirements of post- war reconstruction, following an end of a three and a half year war in 1995. Reforms towards creation of free- market economy were identified as medium- term ...
... Bosnia- Herzegovina's (BiH) recent economic environment and development priorities have been primarily determined by the requirements of post- war reconstruction, following an end of a three and a half year war in 1995. Reforms towards creation of free- market economy were identified as medium- term ...
Economic Integration, Industrial Specialization, and the
... utility gain as a measure of °uctuations asymmetry. The more a country can gain from sharing country-speci¯c risk with other countries in a group, the more asymmetric are its GDP °uctuations relative to the group. A utility-based measure of °uctuations asymmetry Our proposed measure builds on the fo ...
... utility gain as a measure of °uctuations asymmetry. The more a country can gain from sharing country-speci¯c risk with other countries in a group, the more asymmetric are its GDP °uctuations relative to the group. A utility-based measure of °uctuations asymmetry Our proposed measure builds on the fo ...
Government report - World Trade Organization
... Annual average inflation in 2002 stood at 14.9 per cent and fell to 9.6 per cent in 2003. It subsequently rose to 11.4 and 15.5 per cent in 2004 and 2005 respectively. This was predominantly due to the poor performance registered in the agricultural sector during this period, in view of the fact tha ...
... Annual average inflation in 2002 stood at 14.9 per cent and fell to 9.6 per cent in 2003. It subsequently rose to 11.4 and 15.5 per cent in 2004 and 2005 respectively. This was predominantly due to the poor performance registered in the agricultural sector during this period, in view of the fact tha ...
click - Yale Economics
... In answering this question, I turn to long-term data on productivity growth for the United States. The most appropriate data for such comparisons are data on productivity per hour in the non-farm sector, which are available back to 1889. There are some serious concerns about the historical comparabi ...
... In answering this question, I turn to long-term data on productivity growth for the United States. The most appropriate data for such comparisons are data on productivity per hour in the non-farm sector, which are available back to 1889. There are some serious concerns about the historical comparabi ...
2007 Economic Outlook - Government of Sint Maarten
... investors and the business sector. This booklet will highlight the island's continued economic growth with increases particularly in the construction and real estate sectors. The outlook remains positive in the tourism industry due to continuous improvements and investments to the destination as wel ...
... investors and the business sector. This booklet will highlight the island's continued economic growth with increases particularly in the construction and real estate sectors. The outlook remains positive in the tourism industry due to continuous improvements and investments to the destination as wel ...
From Control to Market - NUS Business School
... decades ago: how to move from control of the economy through direct ownership of SOEs to governance of non-state firms through reliable and transparent rules and institutions. Riedel and Tran (1997) once advocated a Taiwan-style process for Vietnam, whereby the state avoided the political challenges ...
... decades ago: how to move from control of the economy through direct ownership of SOEs to governance of non-state firms through reliable and transparent rules and institutions. Riedel and Tran (1997) once advocated a Taiwan-style process for Vietnam, whereby the state avoided the political challenges ...
From control to market: time for real SOE reform in Vietnam?
... decades ago: how to move from control of the economy through direct ownership of SOEs to governance of non-state firms through reliable and transparent rules and institutions. Riedel and Tran (1997) once advocated a Taiwan-style process for Vietnam, whereby the state avoided the political challenges ...
... decades ago: how to move from control of the economy through direct ownership of SOEs to governance of non-state firms through reliable and transparent rules and institutions. Riedel and Tran (1997) once advocated a Taiwan-style process for Vietnam, whereby the state avoided the political challenges ...
A 4 The Mixed Economy cont
... agriculture has kept food prices low for consumers, farmers have been perhaps too successful. A period of economic difficulty began in the early 1980s. Agricultural exports declined, partly due to the high value of the United States dollar (which raised the cost of American products to foreign buyer ...
... agriculture has kept food prices low for consumers, farmers have been perhaps too successful. A period of economic difficulty began in the early 1980s. Agricultural exports declined, partly due to the high value of the United States dollar (which raised the cost of American products to foreign buyer ...
The Contribution of Government Expenditure on Economic Growth
... significant proportion of her total public sector expenditure to lay the foundation for economic growth and sustainable development, but this has not been the case in Nigeria. However, we are careful not to jump to the conclusion that the preponderance of recurrent expenditure over capital expenditu ...
... significant proportion of her total public sector expenditure to lay the foundation for economic growth and sustainable development, but this has not been the case in Nigeria. However, we are careful not to jump to the conclusion that the preponderance of recurrent expenditure over capital expenditu ...
Transforming Competitiveness in European Transition Economies: The Role of Foreign Direct Investment
... During the past several years the debate in the transition economies shifted from stabilization and recovery to growth and convergence. The aim of this paper is to illustrate the growing importance of investment liberalization for the transition economies in Europe in achieving convergence and its s ...
... During the past several years the debate in the transition economies shifted from stabilization and recovery to growth and convergence. The aim of this paper is to illustrate the growing importance of investment liberalization for the transition economies in Europe in achieving convergence and its s ...
Abstract - Brad DeLong`s Website
... rate of measured total real GDP, if not its effect on Americans’ material welfare. The productivity slowdown meant that, according to official statistics, Americans in 1995 were only 70 percent as productive as their predecessors back in the early 1970s would have expected them to be. The productivi ...
... rate of measured total real GDP, if not its effect on Americans’ material welfare. The productivity slowdown meant that, according to official statistics, Americans in 1995 were only 70 percent as productive as their predecessors back in the early 1970s would have expected them to be. The productivi ...
Chinese economic reform
The Chinese economic reform (simplified Chinese: 改革开放; traditional Chinese: 改革開放; pinyin: Gǎigé kāifàng; literally: ""Reform & Opening up"") refers to the program of economic reforms called ""Socialism with Chinese characteristics"" in the People's Republic of China (PRC) that was started in December 1978 by reformists within the Communist Party of China (CPC) led by Deng Xiaoping.China had one of the world's largest and most advanced economies prior to the nineteenth century. In the 18th century, Adam Smith claimed China had long been one of the richest, that is, one of the most fertile, best cultivated, most industrious, most prosperous and most urbanized countries in the world. The economy stagnated since the 16th century and even declined in absolute terms in the nineteenth and much of the twentieth century, with a brief recovery in the 1930s.Economic reforms introducing market principles began in 1978 and were carried out in two stages. The first stage, in the late 1970s and early 1980s, involved the decollectivization of agriculture, the opening up of the country to foreign investment, and permission for entrepreneurs to start businesses. However, most industry remained state-owned. The second stage of reform, in the late 1980s and 1990s, involved the privatization and contracting out of much state-owned industry and the lifting of price controls, protectionist policies, and regulations, although state monopolies in sectors such as banking and petroleum remained. The private sector grew remarkably, accounting for as much as 70 percent of China gross domestic product by 2005. From 1978 until 2013, unprecedented growth occurred, with the economy increasing by 9.5% a year. The conservative Hu-Wen Administration more heavily regulated and controlled the economy after 2005, reversing some reforms.The success of China's economic policies and the manner of their implementation has resulted in immense changes in Chinese society. Large-scale government planning programs alongside market characteristics have minimized poverty, while incomes and income inequality have increased, leading to a backlash led by the New Left. In the academic scene, scholars have debated the reason for the success of the Chinese ""dual-track"" economy, and have compared them to attempts to reform socialism in the East Bloc and the Soviet Union, and the growth of other developing economies.