Felipe Pazos, Institutions and A Retrospective View of
... We have learnt that the development of financial institutions is anything but an easy task in general and an important reason is that it depends critically on the legal frameworks existing in a society providing incentives for economic agents to fulfill the terms of their exchange contracts.2 While ...
... We have learnt that the development of financial institutions is anything but an easy task in general and an important reason is that it depends critically on the legal frameworks existing in a society providing incentives for economic agents to fulfill the terms of their exchange contracts.2 While ...
Do We Have a “New” Macroeconomy?
... Sixth, increased financial volatility—both in the form of increasingly virulent international financial crises, and in the form of increased domestic stock market volatility. Few a decade ago anticipated that the 1990s would see so many major financial crises. And few anticipated that the 1990s woul ...
... Sixth, increased financial volatility—both in the form of increasingly virulent international financial crises, and in the form of increased domestic stock market volatility. Few a decade ago anticipated that the 1990s would see so many major financial crises. And few anticipated that the 1990s woul ...
On the Economic Growth and Industrial Structure Evolution:
... goods or services, but also the advanced form of international trade (FDI) and China's export of capital in other countries. In a closed condition, a country's economic development and upgrading of the industrial structure are connected with its own internal configuration of elements allocation. How ...
... goods or services, but also the advanced form of international trade (FDI) and China's export of capital in other countries. In a closed condition, a country's economic development and upgrading of the industrial structure are connected with its own internal configuration of elements allocation. How ...
Not Dutch Disease, It`s China Syndrome
... boom. In Canada, the boom is leading to changes in wage growth, relative prices, output, employment and migration. ¾ What are the impacts on wages? The increase in commodity prices has led to more demand from commodity producing firms for labour, and has led to higher wage growth in the resource in ...
... boom. In Canada, the boom is leading to changes in wage growth, relative prices, output, employment and migration. ¾ What are the impacts on wages? The increase in commodity prices has led to more demand from commodity producing firms for labour, and has led to higher wage growth in the resource in ...
Chapter 5
... • Computed GDP ignores non market activities – Household work – Underground economy 9—30% of real output ...
... • Computed GDP ignores non market activities – Household work – Underground economy 9—30% of real output ...
Can Asia Lead the Global Recovery
... the world • Region (excluding Japan) growing rapidly • Integration with US and Europe stagnant or declining as a share of own GDP – Gross volumes are increasing dramatically ...
... the world • Region (excluding Japan) growing rapidly • Integration with US and Europe stagnant or declining as a share of own GDP – Gross volumes are increasing dramatically ...
Thailand Economic Monitor November 2004 Issue
... Source: Thailand Productivity and Investment Climate Study 2007 (PICS 2007), World Bank, NESDB and Foundation of Thailand Productivity Institute ...
... Source: Thailand Productivity and Investment Climate Study 2007 (PICS 2007), World Bank, NESDB and Foundation of Thailand Productivity Institute ...
Trend Analysis of the Contribution of Agriculture to the Gross
... showed that the shares of agriculture were 61.65%, 53.27%, and 39.69% between 1960-64, 1965-69, and 197074 respectively. However, there was a sharp decline between 1975-1979 to 23.80%, 31.30% and 38.12%, between1980-1984 and 1985-1989 respectively. The dominance of agriculture over the periods could ...
... showed that the shares of agriculture were 61.65%, 53.27%, and 39.69% between 1960-64, 1965-69, and 197074 respectively. However, there was a sharp decline between 1975-1979 to 23.80%, 31.30% and 38.12%, between1980-1984 and 1985-1989 respectively. The dominance of agriculture over the periods could ...
Measuring National Income
... goods and services produced within the economy over a period of time Measuring the level and rate of growth of national income (Y) is important to economists when they are considering: Economic growth and where the economy is in the business cycle Changes to average living standards of the populat ...
... goods and services produced within the economy over a period of time Measuring the level and rate of growth of national income (Y) is important to economists when they are considering: Economic growth and where the economy is in the business cycle Changes to average living standards of the populat ...
innovation policy and economic recovery in eca region
... Innovative and export-oriented firms were able to better diversify market- risk (and thus were less affected by demand fluctuations in one single country) Innovative and export-oriented firms supply goods with higher “intrinsic value” (and thus have higher monopoly power despite operating in an ...
... Innovative and export-oriented firms were able to better diversify market- risk (and thus were less affected by demand fluctuations in one single country) Innovative and export-oriented firms supply goods with higher “intrinsic value” (and thus have higher monopoly power despite operating in an ...
Concept 3
... USA (2005):The top 10 percent of the population carried away some 48.5 percent of all reported income in the US in 2005— also the highest percentage since 1928, on the eve of the Depression—an increase of 2 percent from 2004, and up from 33 percent of the reported total in the late 1970s. ...
... USA (2005):The top 10 percent of the population carried away some 48.5 percent of all reported income in the US in 2005— also the highest percentage since 1928, on the eve of the Depression—an increase of 2 percent from 2004, and up from 33 percent of the reported total in the late 1970s. ...
do small member countries of the european union benefit
... Even though a large number of empirical studies have been conducted, no consistent evidence exists for a significant relationship between public spending and growth, in a positive or negative direction. For instance, Dar and Amirkhalkhali (2002) find a negative relationship between government size a ...
... Even though a large number of empirical studies have been conducted, no consistent evidence exists for a significant relationship between public spending and growth, in a positive or negative direction. For instance, Dar and Amirkhalkhali (2002) find a negative relationship between government size a ...
business size: small firms/family/internal growth 3b
... Why are small businesses important? What does the government do to assist small firms? How to expand the firm through internal growth ...
... Why are small businesses important? What does the government do to assist small firms? How to expand the firm through internal growth ...
The Factors Affecting Gross Domestic Product (GDP)
... and minimum Human Development Index (HDI) (Note 2) relative to other countries (Sullivan & Sheffrin, 2003; UN Statistics Division, 2008). Conversely, countries with more advanced economies than other developing nations but which have not yet fully demonstrated the signs of a developed country are ca ...
... and minimum Human Development Index (HDI) (Note 2) relative to other countries (Sullivan & Sheffrin, 2003; UN Statistics Division, 2008). Conversely, countries with more advanced economies than other developing nations but which have not yet fully demonstrated the signs of a developed country are ca ...
privitazation and nationalization - Dictionnaire encyclopédique de l
... changes amounted to a real revolution in state administration, unleashing an unprecedented wave of privatization and giving rise to the concept of new public management. This wave of large-scale privatization took on a global dimension when it was promoted by the IMF and the World Bank in applying w ...
... changes amounted to a real revolution in state administration, unleashing an unprecedented wave of privatization and giving rise to the concept of new public management. This wave of large-scale privatization took on a global dimension when it was promoted by the IMF and the World Bank in applying w ...
Nominal versus Real
... homemaker, volunteer work, home improvement) Doesn’t measure improvements in product quality or increased leisure time Doesn’t adjust for change in composition of output or distribution of income ...
... homemaker, volunteer work, home improvement) Doesn’t measure improvements in product quality or increased leisure time Doesn’t adjust for change in composition of output or distribution of income ...
China is India`s
... Discussion Points: Corruption in Nigeria involved open and systematic plundering of the nation’s state treasury. Bribery was also a regular part of business. In fact, the situation in Nigeria is so dismal that Transparency International ranked Nigeria one of the most corrupt countries in the world. ...
... Discussion Points: Corruption in Nigeria involved open and systematic plundering of the nation’s state treasury. Bribery was also a regular part of business. In fact, the situation in Nigeria is so dismal that Transparency International ranked Nigeria one of the most corrupt countries in the world. ...
economic insight MIDDLE EAST Quarterly briefing Q4 2012
... weak pace of global growth and the return of Libyan production to full capacity, but move upwards in 2014 and 2015 as global demand hardens. Figure 7 illustrates the central forecast for oil prices; this scenario would be unlikely to pose a massive threat to government finances in the Middle East, o ...
... weak pace of global growth and the return of Libyan production to full capacity, but move upwards in 2014 and 2015 as global demand hardens. Figure 7 illustrates the central forecast for oil prices; this scenario would be unlikely to pose a massive threat to government finances in the Middle East, o ...
Chinese economic reform
The Chinese economic reform (simplified Chinese: 改革开放; traditional Chinese: 改革開放; pinyin: Gǎigé kāifàng; literally: ""Reform & Opening up"") refers to the program of economic reforms called ""Socialism with Chinese characteristics"" in the People's Republic of China (PRC) that was started in December 1978 by reformists within the Communist Party of China (CPC) led by Deng Xiaoping.China had one of the world's largest and most advanced economies prior to the nineteenth century. In the 18th century, Adam Smith claimed China had long been one of the richest, that is, one of the most fertile, best cultivated, most industrious, most prosperous and most urbanized countries in the world. The economy stagnated since the 16th century and even declined in absolute terms in the nineteenth and much of the twentieth century, with a brief recovery in the 1930s.Economic reforms introducing market principles began in 1978 and were carried out in two stages. The first stage, in the late 1970s and early 1980s, involved the decollectivization of agriculture, the opening up of the country to foreign investment, and permission for entrepreneurs to start businesses. However, most industry remained state-owned. The second stage of reform, in the late 1980s and 1990s, involved the privatization and contracting out of much state-owned industry and the lifting of price controls, protectionist policies, and regulations, although state monopolies in sectors such as banking and petroleum remained. The private sector grew remarkably, accounting for as much as 70 percent of China gross domestic product by 2005. From 1978 until 2013, unprecedented growth occurred, with the economy increasing by 9.5% a year. The conservative Hu-Wen Administration more heavily regulated and controlled the economy after 2005, reversing some reforms.The success of China's economic policies and the manner of their implementation has resulted in immense changes in Chinese society. Large-scale government planning programs alongside market characteristics have minimized poverty, while incomes and income inequality have increased, leading to a backlash led by the New Left. In the academic scene, scholars have debated the reason for the success of the Chinese ""dual-track"" economy, and have compared them to attempts to reform socialism in the East Bloc and the Soviet Union, and the growth of other developing economies.