Centre for Peace Studies Faculty of Humanities, Social
... In order to ponder what place the Social-Demokraten occupied in the Norwegian press during 1915—1923, it is useful to look at the way the labor press in Norway was evolving in the studied period. This topic has been scrutinized in the book Norwegian Press History17 where Norwegian scholars have stud ...
... In order to ponder what place the Social-Demokraten occupied in the Norwegian press during 1915—1923, it is useful to look at the way the labor press in Norway was evolving in the studied period. This topic has been scrutinized in the book Norwegian Press History17 where Norwegian scholars have stud ...
LEON TROTSKY Final Script
... In March the following year, the capital was moved from Petrograd to Moscow. The new government opposed Russia’s involvement in World War 1 and began peace negotiations with Germany in December at BrestLitovsk. After the Germans issued their terms, a divided Soviet leadership announced it would end ...
... In March the following year, the capital was moved from Petrograd to Moscow. The new government opposed Russia’s involvement in World War 1 and began peace negotiations with Germany in December at BrestLitovsk. After the Germans issued their terms, a divided Soviet leadership announced it would end ...
Vocabulary Terms
... Civil War in Russia Clue 1: Bolshevik forces officially renamed Communists in March 1918 Clue 2: Communist fight off a wide range of enemies Clue 3: Opponents had no single leader to unite behind Clue 4: 18 rival groups seeking to oust Communists Clue 5: Communists called Reds and their opponents we ...
... Civil War in Russia Clue 1: Bolshevik forces officially renamed Communists in March 1918 Clue 2: Communist fight off a wide range of enemies Clue 3: Opponents had no single leader to unite behind Clue 4: 18 rival groups seeking to oust Communists Clue 5: Communists called Reds and their opponents we ...
Rise and rule of single-party state in Russia
... - World recession in 1900 stuck Russia badly, largely due to its dependence on foreign investment – would have a direct effect on 1905 Revolution - Rapid industrialisation caused strain on country – huge rural-to-urban migration caused crowding and immense urban population growth in St Petersburg, M ...
... - World recession in 1900 stuck Russia badly, largely due to its dependence on foreign investment – would have a direct effect on 1905 Revolution - Rapid industrialisation caused strain on country – huge rural-to-urban migration caused crowding and immense urban population growth in St Petersburg, M ...
Hope springs eternal… French bondholders and the Soviet
... and Fernandez (1995) put forward the importance of reputation, punishments, rewards and renegotiation. Eichengreen (1989) and Lindert and Morton (1989) analyze the long-term impact of defaulting and find that defaulting in the 1930's had no impact regarding credit terms in the 1970's. However, accor ...
... and Fernandez (1995) put forward the importance of reputation, punishments, rewards and renegotiation. Eichengreen (1989) and Lindert and Morton (1989) analyze the long-term impact of defaulting and find that defaulting in the 1930's had no impact regarding credit terms in the 1970's. However, accor ...
Dissent and revolution 1917
... being his decision in 1915 to take direct command of Russia’s armed forces. This, in effect, tied the fate of the Romanov dynasty to the success or otherwise of Russia’s armies. In 1914 there had been a very genuine enthusiasm for the tsar as representative of the nation. Within three years that ent ...
... being his decision in 1915 to take direct command of Russia’s armed forces. This, in effect, tied the fate of the Romanov dynasty to the success or otherwise of Russia’s armies. In 1914 there had been a very genuine enthusiasm for the tsar as representative of the nation. Within three years that ent ...
The Birth of the Propaganda State
... ever, it turned out that the money was not enough, and therefore it was necessary to start other campaigns. 48 The history of Bolshevik finances has never been satisfactorily explained. It is clear that the Bolsheviks were poorer than their enemies, in spite of the support they received from the Ger ...
... ever, it turned out that the money was not enough, and therefore it was necessary to start other campaigns. 48 The history of Bolshevik finances has never been satisfactorily explained. It is clear that the Bolsheviks were poorer than their enemies, in spite of the support they received from the Ger ...
Whites Generals in the Civil War
... • By the end of 1918 a collection of anti-Bolshevik groups had united to crush the Bolsheviks – Whites. They included: • Socialist Revolutionaries • Mensheviks • Supporters of the tsar • Landlords and capitalists who had lost land and/or money in the revolution. • The Czech Legion (former prisoners ...
... • By the end of 1918 a collection of anti-Bolshevik groups had united to crush the Bolsheviks – Whites. They included: • Socialist Revolutionaries • Mensheviks • Supporters of the tsar • Landlords and capitalists who had lost land and/or money in the revolution. • The Czech Legion (former prisoners ...
Politics and Society in Petrograd, 1917-1920
... Key characteristics of Soviet-style communism emerge clearly from reconstruction o f the events covered in this volume . They include a deeply felt siege mentality and th e encouragement of violence in dealing with real and invented class enemies ; strict curb s on or outright prohibition of competi ...
... Key characteristics of Soviet-style communism emerge clearly from reconstruction o f the events covered in this volume . They include a deeply felt siege mentality and th e encouragement of violence in dealing with real and invented class enemies ; strict curb s on or outright prohibition of competi ...
zinātniskie raksti
... Duchy of Finland retained her autonomous status, and loyalism towards the Empire became the status quo. Meanwhile, the former autonomy of the Congress Kingdom of Poland was eradicated by Imperial decree, and the failure of the insurrections fuelled the conciliatory trends in the Polish politics and ...
... Duchy of Finland retained her autonomous status, and loyalism towards the Empire became the status quo. Meanwhile, the former autonomy of the Congress Kingdom of Poland was eradicated by Imperial decree, and the failure of the insurrections fuelled the conciliatory trends in the Polish politics and ...
Lenin vs. Trotsky Essay Noor - aise
... Though both would not have been successful without the other, both Lenin and Trotsky played quite different roles in organizing what was to become Communist Russia in the near future. They both played little to no roles in the early February Revolution, however it was obvious that Trotsky was the im ...
... Though both would not have been successful without the other, both Lenin and Trotsky played quite different roles in organizing what was to become Communist Russia in the near future. They both played little to no roles in the early February Revolution, however it was obvious that Trotsky was the im ...
Russian Soldiers Denounce the New Revolutionary Government
... to directly address the problems that the peasants were suffering from, unlike the government, and he called for an end to the increasingly unpopular war, which he labeled as an extension of capitalism. Fraternization, or inappropriate formation of social relations with the enemy, became rampant dur ...
... to directly address the problems that the peasants were suffering from, unlike the government, and he called for an end to the increasingly unpopular war, which he labeled as an extension of capitalism. Fraternization, or inappropriate formation of social relations with the enemy, became rampant dur ...
lenin and the bolsheviks
... The collapse of the monarchy in March 1917 saw TWO COMPETING governments set up – ‘Provisional Government’ of the Duma, yes, but also Petrograd Soviet of workers and soldiers. The next eight months were a period of struggle – a period of ‘Dual Government’: they were about who going to rule Russia, b ...
... The collapse of the monarchy in March 1917 saw TWO COMPETING governments set up – ‘Provisional Government’ of the Duma, yes, but also Petrograd Soviet of workers and soldiers. The next eight months were a period of struggle – a period of ‘Dual Government’: they were about who going to rule Russia, b ...
Russia Revision Guide
... Lenin had a list of aims for the Bolsheviks – the April Theses. He believed the Provisional Government was the result of the Bourgeois Revolution and the Bolsheviks had to work for the workers' revolution. Lenin's key point was that they should work against the PG – not cooperate with it! He also ar ...
... Lenin had a list of aims for the Bolsheviks – the April Theses. He believed the Provisional Government was the result of the Bourgeois Revolution and the Bolsheviks had to work for the workers' revolution. Lenin's key point was that they should work against the PG – not cooperate with it! He also ar ...
politické vedy / political sciences
... In the period, the three dramatis personae of this clearly heterogeneous triangle were Bohemia, Poland and Hungary. Slovakia remained under Hungarian rule until the end of the First World War, when it went on to form a part of Czechoslovakia, to become an independent state only in 1993. Unlike this ...
... In the period, the three dramatis personae of this clearly heterogeneous triangle were Bohemia, Poland and Hungary. Slovakia remained under Hungarian rule until the end of the First World War, when it went on to form a part of Czechoslovakia, to become an independent state only in 1993. Unlike this ...
Reign of Lenin--Russian Civil War 1918-1920
... Whites v. Reds v. Greens--Three sides The Russian Civil War had two main antagonists: The Reds, or Bolsheviks, and the Whites or anti-Communists. This war raged for two years and saw the defeat of the White armies and the deaths of millions. A third group was the Greens. These were peasants who main ...
... Whites v. Reds v. Greens--Three sides The Russian Civil War had two main antagonists: The Reds, or Bolsheviks, and the Whites or anti-Communists. This war raged for two years and saw the defeat of the White armies and the deaths of millions. A third group was the Greens. These were peasants who main ...
Russia in Revolution 1917-1924
... members elected by the workmen of all the factories and the soldiers of each company of the insurgent regiments. This body is swayed by Socialists, some of whom are moderate and reasonable, and realize all the complexity of the present situation, while others are extremists who are eager to give imm ...
... members elected by the workmen of all the factories and the soldiers of each company of the insurgent regiments. This body is swayed by Socialists, some of whom are moderate and reasonable, and realize all the complexity of the present situation, while others are extremists who are eager to give imm ...
ws04-world-war-i-presentation-updated-au2016
... Both sides felt the war would quickly end… #wrong ...
... Both sides felt the war would quickly end… #wrong ...
Stalin`s War Cabinet
... 1905, Lenin illustrated his idea of unrest in Russia: since the Russian bourgeoisie was excessively powerless, making it impossible to lead its own particular upset, the proletarians and workers must join to oust the czarist administration and build up a tyranny of the low class and proletariat. Th ...
... 1905, Lenin illustrated his idea of unrest in Russia: since the Russian bourgeoisie was excessively powerless, making it impossible to lead its own particular upset, the proletarians and workers must join to oust the czarist administration and build up a tyranny of the low class and proletariat. Th ...
Anarchists in the State: New Perspectives on Russian Anarchist
... antagonists of the state like Berkman and Goldman who found themselves drawn toward working to construct one. V. D. Ermakov has demonstrated convincingly in his monograph on Russian anarchism that the anarchists who were involved with the ...
... antagonists of the state like Berkman and Goldman who found themselves drawn toward working to construct one. V. D. Ermakov has demonstrated convincingly in his monograph on Russian anarchism that the anarchists who were involved with the ...
MY VISIT TO THE KREMLIN
... Rada (vii) was established in Kiev. This government failed to gain recognition from either the Provisional Government ln Petrograd or the successor Bolshevik regime. Early in1918 a Bolshevlk army under General Antonov invaded the Ukraine. The Central Rada was unable to muster popular support to repe ...
... Rada (vii) was established in Kiev. This government failed to gain recognition from either the Provisional Government ln Petrograd or the successor Bolshevik regime. Early in1918 a Bolshevlk army under General Antonov invaded the Ukraine. The Central Rada was unable to muster popular support to repe ...
Student 1 Mr. Cowherd Modern World History, Period 2 26 February
... With the outbreak of World War I, the Russians’ conditions worsened. Strikes and riots erupted throughout the country, but Czar Nicholas II failed to meet his people’s demands. With the stage set, it was clear revolution was inevitable. Previous revolts failed to develop into large-scale revolutions ...
... With the outbreak of World War I, the Russians’ conditions worsened. Strikes and riots erupted throughout the country, but Czar Nicholas II failed to meet his people’s demands. With the stage set, it was clear revolution was inevitable. Previous revolts failed to develop into large-scale revolutions ...
sample
... Assembly in January 1918. During this time the Petrograd Bolsheviks consolidated power in Petrograd, and Lenin successfully stifled Bolshevik moderates who were dubious about prospects for early socialist revolutions abroad and looked to a socialist friendly Constituent Assembly to further the revol ...
... Assembly in January 1918. During this time the Petrograd Bolsheviks consolidated power in Petrograd, and Lenin successfully stifled Bolshevik moderates who were dubious about prospects for early socialist revolutions abroad and looked to a socialist friendly Constituent Assembly to further the revol ...
#190 The Double Russian Revolutions of 1917 – The Lord`s
... Nicholas II. This was the government that Woodrow Wilson supported. Its establishment would aid Woodrow Wilson in his decision to enter the war to “Make the World Safe for Democracy.” Second Russian Revolution of 1917, the Bolsheviks. Russia was in severe turmoil during the mid-months of 1917. The B ...
... Nicholas II. This was the government that Woodrow Wilson supported. Its establishment would aid Woodrow Wilson in his decision to enter the war to “Make the World Safe for Democracy.” Second Russian Revolution of 1917, the Bolsheviks. Russia was in severe turmoil during the mid-months of 1917. The B ...
09.29 History and Vertov
... The October Revolution and After QuickTime™ and a decompressor are needed to see this picture. ...
... The October Revolution and After QuickTime™ and a decompressor are needed to see this picture. ...
Ukrainian War of Independence
The Ukrainian War of Independence was a period from 1917 to 1921 of sustained warlike conflict between different political and military forces, which resulted in the establishment and development of a Ukrainian republic, later a part of the Soviet Union as the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic. It comprised a series of military conflicts between Ukrainians who supported different governmental, political and military forces, among them Ukrainian nationalists, anarchists, Bolsheviks, the Central Powers forces of Germany and Austria-Hungary, the White Russian Volunteer Army, and Second Polish Republic forces for control of Ukraine after the February Revolution in the Russian Empire. Also involved were foreign interventionists, in particular France and Romania. The struggle lasted from February 1917 to November 1921 and resulted in the division of Ukraine between the Bolshevik Ukrainian SSR, Poland, Romania, and Czechoslovakia. The conflict is frequently viewed within the framework of the Russian Civil War as well as the closing stage of the First World War.