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Morel’s Disease and Caseous Lymphadenitis: a Literature Review
Morel’s Disease and Caseous Lymphadenitis: a Literature Review

... skin of the animals, opening passage for the entry of bacteria [44]. Immersion baths immediately after shearing can disseminate the infectious agent, because these solutions can harbor bacteria for up to 24 h [45]. Vectors such as insects (especially flies) should be considered in the transmission o ...
Public health management of cases and contacts of Middle East
Public health management of cases and contacts of Middle East

... reduce their risk of acquiring the virus while providing care and when in the same room as the case. A new caregiver coming into the household and who hasn’t had previous contact with the case while the case was symptomatic (and therefore has not had a previous exposure) should wear gloves, a mask a ...
Diarrheal diseases (gastro-enteritis) - OUR SITE
Diarrheal diseases (gastro-enteritis) - OUR SITE

... How to give ORS solution: • Teach a family member how to prepare & give ORS solution. • Use a clean spoon or cup to give ORS infants & young children (feeding bottles should not be used). • For babies, use a dropper or syringe (without the needle). • For children aged ˂ 2 yrs a teaspoonful every 1- ...
Hepatitis C - bayviewgi.com
Hepatitis C - bayviewgi.com

... condom is not routinely recommended due to the very low risk. People who do not have a stable monogamous sexual partner should use condoms. This is to protect the person with hepatitis C from new infections (such as HIV or other sexually transmitted diseases) as well as to protect the partner from a ...
Basic Biosafety Principles - Environmental Health & Safety
Basic Biosafety Principles - Environmental Health & Safety

... The medical center says the bacteria he worked with was a weakened strain that isn't known to cause illness in healthy adults. The strain was approved by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention for laboratory studies. An autopsy found no obvious cause of death but did find the presence of the ...
Intercountry meeting on the Middle East Respiratory Syndrome
Intercountry meeting on the Middle East Respiratory Syndrome

... cases such swabs showed negative for MERS-CoV while other samples were positive. He emphasized that, while specimens from both the upper and lower respiratory tract have value, specimens from the lower tract are more sensitive to MERS-CoV infection. The discussions of the scientific meeting that too ...
Infection Prevention and Control Guidance and Procedures
Infection Prevention and Control Guidance and Procedures

... Micro organisms and their Properties The term micro organism, or microbe, is used to describe any organism, which is too small to be seen with the naked eye. Many micro organisms live independently of man and those that are dependent exist in a host-organism relationship that is generally harmless a ...
CCDR: Volume 405, March 6, 2014
CCDR: Volume 405, March 6, 2014

... A total of one hundred site visits were conducted at 71 sites over a two­year period. At all the sites visited, the density of ticks and B. burgdorferi infection prevalence were low  3 , which was consistent with early stage of establishment of the tick and B. burgdorferi transmission cycles  10   1 ...
Development of Vaccine and Diagnostics for Prevention and Control
Development of Vaccine and Diagnostics for Prevention and Control

... activation, APC carry processed foreign antigens from the site of injury and migrate to regional lymph nodes via lymphatics, where they secrete chemokines to attract CD4 and CD8 T cells. The APC present the foreign antigen peptide to these T cells. The naive cells which recognize the foreign peptide ...
Slide 1
Slide 1

... * HPV = human papillomavirus. NOTE: Error bars indicate 95% confidence intervals. Both high-risk and low-risk HPV types were detected in some females. SOURCE: Hariri S, Unger ER, Sternberg M, Dunne EF, Swan D, Patel S, et al. Prevalence of genital HPV among females in the United States, the National ...
Contingency Plan for Management of Human Cases of Avian Influenza
Contingency Plan for Management of Human Cases of Avian Influenza

... From middle of this year the concern shifted to migratory birds as they were found to carry the virus to many countries in Europe, which included Kazakhstan, Romania, Turkey and Croatia. These migratory birds also frequent many parts of India. Deptt. of Animal Husbandry in co-ordination with Ministr ...
Chicken Pox Fact Sheet
Chicken Pox Fact Sheet

... from vomiting or diarrhea, or more serious complications such as pneumonia and encephalitis. In vaccinated children, chickenpox illness is typically mild, producing no symptoms at all other than a few red bumps. However, about 25% to 30% of vaccinated children who get the disease will develop illnes ...
Sexually Transmitted Infections : management guidelines 2015
Sexually Transmitted Infections : management guidelines 2015

... Once positive, specific treponemal tests generally remain positive for life. The RPR can be used: ▪▪ To determine if the patient’s syphilis disease is active or not, ▪▪ To measure a successful response to therapy (at least a fourfold reduction in titre, e.g. 1:256 improving to 1:64), or ▪▪ To determ ...
Salivary flow
Salivary flow

... different types of cells, and tumors can start in any of these cell types. Salivary gland cancers are named according to which of these cell types they most look like when seen under a microscope. 25-30% of salivary gland tumors are malignant.. ...
Sexually Transmitted Infections : management
Sexually Transmitted Infections : management

... Once positive, specific treponemal tests generally remain positive for life. The RPR can be used: ▪▪ To determine if the patient’s syphilis disease is active or not, ▪▪ To measure a successful response to therapy (at least a fourfold reduction in titre, e.g. 1:256 improving to 1:64), or ▪▪ To determ ...
feline infectious peritonitis
feline infectious peritonitis

... eline infectious peritonitis (FIP) is a common, usually fatal disease caused by infection with feline coronavirus (FCoV). It is the leading cause of death in catteries, large multiple-cat households, and shelters and accounts for one in 200 feline cases presenting at teaching hospitals around the co ...
Sexually Transmitted Infections MANAGEMENT GUIDELINES 2015
Sexually Transmitted Infections MANAGEMENT GUIDELINES 2015

... Once positive, specific treponemal tests generally remain positive for life. The RPR can be used: ▪▪ To determine if the patient’s syphilis disease is active or not, ▪▪ To measure a successful response to therapy (at least a fourfold reduction in titre, e.g. 1:256 improving to 1:64), or ▪▪ To determ ...
PDF - Microbiology Society
PDF - Microbiology Society

... In 2007, the Higher Education Academy (HEA) Subject Centre for Bioscience will be conducting a major review of the student experience in microbiology and biochemistry in UK higher education. This is one of three pilot reviews commissioned by the HEA, with the intention of expanding the scheme in sub ...
View / the Hepatitis B presentation
View / the Hepatitis B presentation

... Hepatitis B is an infectious viral illness • HBV is up to 100 times more infectious than HIV • HBV can live outside the body for 7 days • Many people who are chronically infected with HBV do not have any symptoms • Early detection is the key to preventing hepatitis B-associated disease and death • ...
Disinfection and Sterilization: What`s New
Disinfection and Sterilization: What`s New

... Issues for consideration  What is the clinical importance of <6.4µg/cm2 for protein and <4 log10 CFU/cm2 [>106/scope] bioburden: that is, has it been related epidemiologically or clinically to decrease or increase risk of infection?  ATP may be related to markers (e.g., protein) but markers may ha ...
ANOPHELES GUT MICROBIOTA PROVIDE POSSIBILITIES
ANOPHELES GUT MICROBIOTA PROVIDE POSSIBILITIES

... DDT was used (and is still being used in some places) to spray inside houses on the walls to kill indoor resting adult mosquitoes and in contrast to other insecticides only needed to be applied once every sixth month or year (Najera et al. 2011). The WHO Global Malaria Eradication Programme (1955-19 ...
11165-33072-1
11165-33072-1

... Hydatid disease produced by Echinococcus granulosus remains an important sanitary problem in many regions of the world. Moreover migrating current population is the reason why new cases of hydatid disease are being observed in areas with no previous prevalence.7 Although hydatid disease is known to ...
2 - Amicus Therapeutics
2 - Amicus Therapeutics

... There is a 50% chance that an affected mother with a heterozygous genotype will pass the defective gene to any of her children. ...
Shigella Facts - GreenSummit Dispatch
Shigella Facts - GreenSummit Dispatch

... The Shigella bacteria pass from one infected person to the next. Shigella are present in the diarrheal stools of infected persons while they are sick and for a week or two afterwards. Most Shigella infections are the result of the bacterium passing from stools or soiled fingers of one person to the ...
HIV in Pregnancy : a review
HIV in Pregnancy : a review

... Most of the thirty-three million people living with HIV are in the developing world, where HIV infection in pregnancy has become the most common medical complication of pregnancy in some countries. More than 70% of all HIV infections are a result of heterosexual transmission and over 90% of infectio ...
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Transmission (medicine)

In medicine and biology, transmission is the passing of a communicable disease from an infected host individual or group to a particular individual or group, regardless of whether the other individual was previously infected.The term usually refers to the transmission of microorganisms directly from one individual to another by one or more of the following means: droplet contact – coughing or sneezing on another individual direct physical contact – touching an infected individual, including sexual contact indirect physical contact – usually by touching soil contamination or a contaminated surface (fomite) airborne transmission – if the microorganism can remain in the air for long periods fecal-oral transmission – usually from unwashed hands, contaminated food or water sources due to lack of sanitation and hygiene, an important transmission route in pediatrics, veterinary medicine and developing countries.Transmission can also be indirect, via another organism, either a vector (e.g. a mosquito or fly) or an intermediate host (e.g. tapeworm in pigs can be transmitted to humans who ingest improperly cooked pork). Indirect transmission could involve zoonoses or, more typically, larger pathogens like macroparasites with more complex life cycles.
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