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Flatworms and Roundworms
Flatworms and Roundworms

... Anterior end contains suckers and hooks Body increases in length by producing segments called proglottids that break off during reproduction ...
sterility jeopardy
sterility jeopardy

... What is an anti-septic? (septic=filth, like a septic tank for poop) ...
File - CIEE Public Health Pass-on
File - CIEE Public Health Pass-on

... during the ‘Dutch Hunger Winter’ from September 1944 to March 1945 • Six decades later, less DNA methylation of the imprinted insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF2) gene compared with their unexposed, same-sex siblings • Effect: Higher rates of obesity, lipid changes and cardiovascular diseases. ...
MC-Medical_Sociology_chapter_2_ppt
MC-Medical_Sociology_chapter_2_ppt

... The Development of Epidemiology • Stages in the field of epidemiology: – Sanitary era (early 19th century) - focus was largely on sewage and drainage systems, and the major preventive measure was the introduction of sanitation programs – Infectious disease era (late 19th to mid-20th century) princi ...
Late Blight of Potatoes - Agriculture Department, Jammu
Late Blight of Potatoes - Agriculture Department, Jammu

... brown elongated lesions may appear on the stem near the growing point or at the nodes and extend both up and down the stem. Infected tubers show irregular shallow or sunken reddish brown patches. The underlying infected tissue is spongy and rusty brown to varying depths. Initially, the lesions on tu ...
Communicable-Disease-Reference-Chart
Communicable-Disease-Reference-Chart

... The following chart contains general recommendations involving uncomplicated cases of commonly encountered communicable diseases. The recommendations are for use by school administration to exclude and re-admit children who are ill or are suspected of being ill. Contacts without symptoms need not be ...
Ring rot of potato
Ring rot of potato

... U.S. crops have been as high as 50%. If it were to become established in the UK, the effect on our seed-potato industry would be substantial, especially for exports. Once established, the costs of control would also be high. Control of this disease requires vigilance from all sectors of the industry ...
chapter 4 an introduction to cell structure and host
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... • Microbial flora can protect us through microbial antagonism. – Many bacteria produce bacteriocins which are localized bacterial antibiotics. – Bacteriocins can kill invading organisms but do not affect the bacteria that produce them. Competition for space and other resources. ...
Epidemiology of Air-borne Diseases - University of Yeditepe Faculty
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... • They represent the dried residue of droplets that have been coughed or sneezed into the air. • They are very tiny particles less than 5 µ (microns) in size and may remain suspended in the air for long periods. Examples: • Tuberculosis is transmitted more often indirectly, through droplet nuclei, t ...
CHILDHOOD ILLNESSES
CHILDHOOD ILLNESSES

... Hepatitis B is an infection of the liver caused by a virus called HBV (Hepatitis B Virus). This viral infection may occur in two phases. The first phase is the acute phase. The acute phase may cause mild flu-like symptoms, diminished appetite, fatigue, abdominal pain, an enlarged liver, jaundice, da ...
Journal of Pediatric Infection
Journal of Pediatric Infection

... We present you the first issue of the year 2015 of the Journal of Pediatric Infection (Çocuk Enfeksiyon Dergisi), the official publication organ of the Society of Pediatric Infectious Diseases. In this issue, we present an editorial consensus proposal on the National Vaccination Schedule, which was ...
CHILDHOOD ILLNESSES
CHILDHOOD ILLNESSES

... Hepatitis B is an infection of the liver caused by a virus called HBV (Hepatitis B Virus). This viral infection may occur in two phases. The first phase is the acute phase. The acute phase may cause mild flu-like symptoms, diminished appetite, fatigue, abdominal pain, an enlarged liver, jaundice, da ...
CHILDHOOD ILLNESSES
CHILDHOOD ILLNESSES

... Hepatitis B is an infection of the liver caused by a virus called HBV (Hepatitis B Virus). This viral infection may occur in two phases. The first phase is the acute phase. The acute phase may cause mild flu-like symptoms, diminished appetite, fatigue, abdominal pain, an enlarged liver, jaundice, da ...
Pandemics and National Security
Pandemics and National Security

... as global warming and ecologic alterations facilitated through changed land use and movements of infected hosts, susceptible animals, or disease vectors” (Cutler 2). A disease can change in several important ways: it can jump to a new species (swine to human), change transmission method (blood-borne ...
Chapter 9
Chapter 9

... Specific Diseases • Coronary Artery Atherosclerosis – If coronary artery insufficiency does occur, the end result could be arrhythmias or infarcts – One symptom of coronary insufficiency is angina pectoris, which becomes worrisome when the patient begins having unstable angina—or chest pain at rest ...
HIV: Structure, Life Cycle, and Pathogenecity
HIV: Structure, Life Cycle, and Pathogenecity

... This time course of infection and disease is likely to occur in the majority of patients. However, a small percentage (perhaps less than five per cent) of patients are known to live with my infection for prolonged periods of time without experiencing disease progression and the appearance of sympto ...
How Do We Know That Germs Cause Disease? Since the time of
How Do We Know That Germs Cause Disease? Since the time of

... development of a new theory, the germ theory (model) of disease. In the early 1800’s, the Italian farmer, Agostino Bassi, observed the devastation of the local silkworm industry. The worms were dying after being covered by a fine, white powder. Bassi studied this powder and determined that it was a ...
Slide 1
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... Hepatitis Influenza Chicken Pox Yellow Fever Ebola Common Cold Meningitis –viral Hantavirus West Nile Virus Respitory Syncytial Virus (RSV) Laryngo-Tracheo Brochitis (Croup) Avian Influenza Virus Fifth’s Disease ...
Course description - Faculty Members Websites
Course description - Faculty Members Websites

... A.24 Know the properties, uses, side effects, and mode of action of antifungal, antiviral, antiprotozoan agents and antihelminthic agents. A.25 Know the meaning of different terminology used to describe the microbe-host relationships. A.26 Know the meaning of the following terminology, contaminatio ...
Zika Task Force Members
Zika Task Force Members

... Dr. Weaver is a virologist and vector biologist who advances our understanding of arthropod-borne viruses (arboviruses), their mosquito vectors, and develops vaccines to control the diseases that they cause. As a faculty member at the University of Texas Medical Branch (UTMB) since 1994, he has deve ...
Understanding the Factors of Animal Disease Emergence: A World
Understanding the Factors of Animal Disease Emergence: A World

... Global Trends in Emerging Infection Diseases (EID) ...
Biophysical Hazards
Biophysical Hazards

... • Human population designed to be naturally regulated by the diseases of Africa • Take humans out of Africa: – Epidemic growth of human population ...
Kabatereine et al., 2004
Kabatereine et al., 2004

... London, UK Summary Intestinal schistosomiasis caused by infection with Schistosoma mansoni is a widespread public health problem in Uganda. Although long known to be endemic, its current distribution within the country requires updating of parasitological data to help guide planned control. We repor ...
General Pathology of Infectious Diseases
General Pathology of Infectious Diseases

... ingested as nonmotile cysts in contaminated food or water and become motile trophozoites that attach to intestinal epithelial cells. Bloodborne protozoa (e.g., Plasmodium, Trypanosoma, Leishmania) are transmitted by insect vectors, in which they replicate before being passed to new human hosts. Toxo ...
Pathogenic Gram-Negative Cocci and Bacilli
Pathogenic Gram-Negative Cocci and Bacilli

... producing inflammation of the cornea and sometimes blindness • Silver nitrate solution  antibodies ...
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Transmission (medicine)

In medicine and biology, transmission is the passing of a communicable disease from an infected host individual or group to a particular individual or group, regardless of whether the other individual was previously infected.The term usually refers to the transmission of microorganisms directly from one individual to another by one or more of the following means: droplet contact – coughing or sneezing on another individual direct physical contact – touching an infected individual, including sexual contact indirect physical contact – usually by touching soil contamination or a contaminated surface (fomite) airborne transmission – if the microorganism can remain in the air for long periods fecal-oral transmission – usually from unwashed hands, contaminated food or water sources due to lack of sanitation and hygiene, an important transmission route in pediatrics, veterinary medicine and developing countries.Transmission can also be indirect, via another organism, either a vector (e.g. a mosquito or fly) or an intermediate host (e.g. tapeworm in pigs can be transmitted to humans who ingest improperly cooked pork). Indirect transmission could involve zoonoses or, more typically, larger pathogens like macroparasites with more complex life cycles.
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