Immune activation and Immunopathology of the HIV infection
... HIV-related apoptosis of the gut mucosal epithelia induces Microbial translocation Thus eliciting systemic immune activation JM. Brenchley, ….AT. Haase,and DC. Douek ...
... HIV-related apoptosis of the gut mucosal epithelia induces Microbial translocation Thus eliciting systemic immune activation JM. Brenchley, ….AT. Haase,and DC. Douek ...
activation of human monocyte.derived dendritic cells in vitro by the
... and professional antigen presenting cells (APCs). Recent studies reported evidence of DC-based cancer immunotherapy (16). DCs are the bridge between innate and adaptive immunity becauseof their unique ability to sensepathogensand initiate immune response.These cells detect and respondto pathogens th ...
... and professional antigen presenting cells (APCs). Recent studies reported evidence of DC-based cancer immunotherapy (16). DCs are the bridge between innate and adaptive immunity becauseof their unique ability to sensepathogensand initiate immune response.These cells detect and respondto pathogens th ...
Immune System: Cytokines
... carbohydrate receptors like mannose-fucose receptor and they are very active in fluid-phase pinocytosis. They are poor, however, at digesting whole microorganisms and it may be that they rely on macrophages and PMN to help them acquire bacterial or fungal proteins. These tissue dendritic cells then ...
... carbohydrate receptors like mannose-fucose receptor and they are very active in fluid-phase pinocytosis. They are poor, however, at digesting whole microorganisms and it may be that they rely on macrophages and PMN to help them acquire bacterial or fungal proteins. These tissue dendritic cells then ...
Drug Hypersensitivity Reactions: Classification and
... receptors on mast cells and basophilic leukocytes, on complement-fixing antibodies and on T-cell reactions, which orchestrate different forms of inflammations. One has to be aware that these reactions are tightly connected, as for example the maturation of B cells to IgE- or IgGproducing plasma cell ...
... receptors on mast cells and basophilic leukocytes, on complement-fixing antibodies and on T-cell reactions, which orchestrate different forms of inflammations. One has to be aware that these reactions are tightly connected, as for example the maturation of B cells to IgE- or IgGproducing plasma cell ...
Summary of Research
... marketed in 1974 in Germany, after its beneficial effect in the treatment of benign prostate hypertrophy (BPH) had been established. Two years later, the same BSS/BSSG mixture was marketed in a product for rheumatoid arthritis. In 1989, Professor Patrick Bouic and his colleagues at the Medical Schoo ...
... marketed in 1974 in Germany, after its beneficial effect in the treatment of benign prostate hypertrophy (BPH) had been established. Two years later, the same BSS/BSSG mixture was marketed in a product for rheumatoid arthritis. In 1989, Professor Patrick Bouic and his colleagues at the Medical Schoo ...
E c
... Self-tolerant, i.e. weakly binding to endogenous pMHC, to avoid autoimmune diseases, e.g. ...
... Self-tolerant, i.e. weakly binding to endogenous pMHC, to avoid autoimmune diseases, e.g. ...
Etiology - the Museum of Health Care!
... and takes up to one month to form a colony; in comparison, the E. coli bacteria form a colony in only eight hours. Caption 3: T-cell activation Dendritic cells are a key part of the mammalian immune system. They are present in our bodies where our tissues are in contact with the external environment ...
... and takes up to one month to form a colony; in comparison, the E. coli bacteria form a colony in only eight hours. Caption 3: T-cell activation Dendritic cells are a key part of the mammalian immune system. They are present in our bodies where our tissues are in contact with the external environment ...
imun-inter03 - Website Staff UI
... Immune system – defense mechanism • Function: protection >< foreign elements ° Foreign macromolecules ° Invasive microorganisms • Viruses • Bacteria • Others ...
... Immune system – defense mechanism • Function: protection >< foreign elements ° Foreign macromolecules ° Invasive microorganisms • Viruses • Bacteria • Others ...
Insect immunity and its signalling: an overview
... Living creatures are surrounded by a basically hostile environment. In order to survive, they have developed several defense mechanisms, including the immune system. These mechanisms protect organisms against foreign substances and pathogen invasion. In case of such an invasion, the first line of de ...
... Living creatures are surrounded by a basically hostile environment. In order to survive, they have developed several defense mechanisms, including the immune system. These mechanisms protect organisms against foreign substances and pathogen invasion. In case of such an invasion, the first line of de ...
Fish and Shellfish Immunology
... mainly bacterial in origin [1]. One of the major bacterial diseases is caused by the Gram-negative bacterium Aeromonas hydrophila, which produces diseases known as motile aeromonad septicaemia [2] affecting a wide variety of freshwater fish species and, occasionally, marine fish [3,4]. This bacterium ...
... mainly bacterial in origin [1]. One of the major bacterial diseases is caused by the Gram-negative bacterium Aeromonas hydrophila, which produces diseases known as motile aeromonad septicaemia [2] affecting a wide variety of freshwater fish species and, occasionally, marine fish [3,4]. This bacterium ...
Innate and adaptive immune responses subsequent to
... injury [15,17]. Likewise, blockade of CX3CR1 and depletion of macrophages abrogated renal IRI showing that monocyts/ macrophages play a key role in initiating an early innate response after acute kidney injury [18,19]. Besides, platelets interacting with endothelial cells become activated and cause ...
... injury [15,17]. Likewise, blockade of CX3CR1 and depletion of macrophages abrogated renal IRI showing that monocyts/ macrophages play a key role in initiating an early innate response after acute kidney injury [18,19]. Besides, platelets interacting with endothelial cells become activated and cause ...
RIGing a virus trap - La Jolla Institute For Allergy and Immunology
... proteins required for TLR signaling has facilitated the discovery of additional pathways, such as RIG-I, which function independently of TLR but use overlapping cytoplasmic signaling cascades. RIG-I, for instance, operates in the cell cytoplasm, whereas TLRs are localized at the cell surface or in e ...
... proteins required for TLR signaling has facilitated the discovery of additional pathways, such as RIG-I, which function independently of TLR but use overlapping cytoplasmic signaling cascades. RIG-I, for instance, operates in the cell cytoplasm, whereas TLRs are localized at the cell surface or in e ...
Genetics of autoimmune diseases — disorders of immune
... histocompatibility complex, a number of rare and common variants that affect a range of immunological pathways are now known to have important influences on the phenotypic diversity that is seen among autoimmune diseases. Recent studies have also highlighted a previously unanticipated interplay betw ...
... histocompatibility complex, a number of rare and common variants that affect a range of immunological pathways are now known to have important influences on the phenotypic diversity that is seen among autoimmune diseases. Recent studies have also highlighted a previously unanticipated interplay betw ...
PPT1 - Ycmou
... Organs of Immune System-2 Bone Marrow All types of immune cells and other types of blood cells are generated in bone marrow. Differentiation of different types of immune cells occur in bone marrow. Maturation of B lymphocytes occurs in bone marrow. Cytokines, IL-7 required for the maturati ...
... Organs of Immune System-2 Bone Marrow All types of immune cells and other types of blood cells are generated in bone marrow. Differentiation of different types of immune cells occur in bone marrow. Maturation of B lymphocytes occurs in bone marrow. Cytokines, IL-7 required for the maturati ...
Cutting Edge Commentary: A Copernican Revolution? Doubts About
... are capable of producing a wide variety of signals to the immune system. For example, the MHC class I-like molecule MIC is induced on the surface of heat-shocked or otherwise stressed cells, and has been shown to bind to an activating receptor called NKG2D, which is expressed by ␥␦ T cells, CD8⫹ T c ...
... are capable of producing a wide variety of signals to the immune system. For example, the MHC class I-like molecule MIC is induced on the surface of heat-shocked or otherwise stressed cells, and has been shown to bind to an activating receptor called NKG2D, which is expressed by ␥␦ T cells, CD8⫹ T c ...
GRANULOMATOUS INFLAMMATION Lecture1
... Granulomatous inflammation is a distinctive pattern of chronic inflammation characterized by aggregates of activated macrophages that assume an epithelioid appearance. Damaging stimuli which provoke a granulomatous inflammatory response include: Microorganisms which are of low inherent pathogenici ...
... Granulomatous inflammation is a distinctive pattern of chronic inflammation characterized by aggregates of activated macrophages that assume an epithelioid appearance. Damaging stimuli which provoke a granulomatous inflammatory response include: Microorganisms which are of low inherent pathogenici ...
RITUXIMAB - International Waldenstrom`s Macroglobulinemia
... portion on one end of the rituximab antibody is the part that targets the CD20 antigen on the B-cell, while the other end of the antibody is human IgG, kappa type. When the mouse portion “locks” onto the CD20 “docking site” on the B-cell, the human IgG portion on the other end attracts or “recruits” ...
... portion on one end of the rituximab antibody is the part that targets the CD20 antigen on the B-cell, while the other end of the antibody is human IgG, kappa type. When the mouse portion “locks” onto the CD20 “docking site” on the B-cell, the human IgG portion on the other end attracts or “recruits” ...
Immune System Computation and the Immunological Homunculus
... At the operational level, it is now clear that clones of lymphocytes do not function in isolation, as taught by the classic clonal selection theory. The immune system works as an integrated, whole system, and can respond potentially in many different, and even contradictory ways when it detects an i ...
... At the operational level, it is now clear that clones of lymphocytes do not function in isolation, as taught by the classic clonal selection theory. The immune system works as an integrated, whole system, and can respond potentially in many different, and even contradictory ways when it detects an i ...
Innate immunity in the lung: how epithelial cells fight
... system provides initial protection against microorganisms and stimulates the adaptive immune response [1]. Cellular components of the innate immune system include phagocytes such as neutrophils or macrophages, natural killer cells, basophils, mast cells, eosinophils and others. Epithelia of the huma ...
... system provides initial protection against microorganisms and stimulates the adaptive immune response [1]. Cellular components of the innate immune system include phagocytes such as neutrophils or macrophages, natural killer cells, basophils, mast cells, eosinophils and others. Epithelia of the huma ...
functions occur only through constant mutualism with the INTRODUCTION
... biodiversity can be strongly altered and damaged through ingestion of drugs (e.g., antibiotics, vaccines), during clinical treatments, by improving sanitation, by food composition, and by other environmental factors. Limited contact with microorganisms from the external environment defines what has ...
... biodiversity can be strongly altered and damaged through ingestion of drugs (e.g., antibiotics, vaccines), during clinical treatments, by improving sanitation, by food composition, and by other environmental factors. Limited contact with microorganisms from the external environment defines what has ...
Immune system
The immune system is a system of many biological structures and processes within an organism that protects against disease. To function properly, an immune system must detect a wide variety of agents, known as pathogens, from viruses to parasitic worms, and distinguish them from the organism's own healthy tissue. In many species, the immune system can be classified into subsystems, such as the innate immune system versus the adaptive immune system, or humoral immunity versus cell-mediated immunity.Pathogens can rapidly evolve and adapt, and thereby avoid detection and neutralization by the immune system; however, multiple defense mechanisms have also evolved to recognize and neutralize pathogens. Even simple unicellular organisms such as bacteria possess a rudimentary immune system, in the form of enzymes that protect against bacteriophage infections. Other basic immune mechanisms evolved in ancient eukaryotes and remain in their modern descendants, such as plants and insects. These mechanisms include phagocytosis, antimicrobial peptides called defensins, and the complement system. Jawed vertebrates, including humans, have even more sophisticated defense mechanisms, including the ability to adapt over time to recognize specific pathogens more efficiently. Adaptive (or acquired) immunity creates immunological memory after an initial response to a specific pathogen, leading to an enhanced response to subsequent encounters with that same pathogen. This process of acquired immunity is the basis of vaccination.Disorders of the immune system can result in autoimmune diseases, inflammatory diseases and cancer.Immunodeficiency occurs when the immune system is less active than normal, resulting in recurring and life-threatening infections. In humans, immunodeficiency can either be the result of a genetic disease such as severe combined immunodeficiency, acquired conditions such as HIV/AIDS, or the use of immunosuppressive medication. In contrast, autoimmunity results from a hyperactive immune system attacking normal tissues as if they were foreign organisms. Common autoimmune diseases include Hashimoto's thyroiditis, rheumatoid arthritis, diabetes mellitus type 1, and systemic lupus erythematosus. Immunology covers the study of all aspects of the immune system.