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Ageing, defence mechanisms and the immune system
Ageing, defence mechanisms and the immune system

Genetically Engineered Multivalent Proteins for Targeted
Genetically Engineered Multivalent Proteins for Targeted

... supports the potential utility of TriKEs to increase the selectivity of NK cell therapy not only for myeloid malignancies, but indirectly also for solid tumors if appropriate tumor antigens are targeted. The mechanism by which these recombinant molecules act is not fully understood, although their a ...
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Chapter 15 - Dr. Dorena Rode
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... ___ 55. Most bacterial infections in the body are fought indirectly by antibodies released from B cells (humoral) rather than direct contact by T lymphocytes (cell-mediated) – [one exception: attack on the tubercle bacilli]. ___ 56. The activity of B cells and cytotoxic T cells is decreased by helpe ...
Document
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MCB 4211 Syllabus F2016
MCB 4211 Syllabus F2016

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Polyclonal B cell response



Polyclonal B cell response is a natural mode of immune response exhibited by the adaptive immune system of mammals. It ensures that a single antigen is recognized and attacked through its overlapping parts, called epitopes, by multiple clones of B cell.In the course of normal immune response, parts of pathogens (e.g. bacteria) are recognized by the immune system as foreign (non-self), and eliminated or effectively neutralized to reduce their potential damage. Such a recognizable substance is called an antigen. The immune system may respond in multiple ways to an antigen; a key feature of this response is the production of antibodies by B cells (or B lymphocytes) involving an arm of the immune system known as humoral immunity. The antibodies are soluble and do not require direct cell-to-cell contact between the pathogen and the B-cell to function.Antigens can be large and complex substances, and any single antibody can only bind to a small, specific area on the antigen. Consequently, an effective immune response often involves the production of many different antibodies by many different B cells against the same antigen. Hence the term ""polyclonal"", which derives from the words poly, meaning many, and clones (""Klon""=Greek for sprout or twig); a clone is a group of cells arising from a common ""mother"" cell. The antibodies thus produced in a polyclonal response are known as polyclonal antibodies. The heterogeneous polyclonal antibodies are distinct from monoclonal antibody molecules, which are identical and react against a single epitope only, i.e., are more specific.Although the polyclonal response confers advantages on the immune system, in particular, greater probability of reacting against pathogens, it also increases chances of developing certain autoimmune diseases resulting from the reaction of the immune system against native molecules produced within the host.
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