EVALUATION OF THE EFFECT OF AN ADAPTOGENIC
... a lot and meets many other horses, which increases the spread and, thus, the contamination risk of infectious diseases.On the other hand, training and competition stress has a negative effect on horses’ immune system, i.e. their ability to ward off a viral or bacterial aggression. That is why, thoug ...
... a lot and meets many other horses, which increases the spread and, thus, the contamination risk of infectious diseases.On the other hand, training and competition stress has a negative effect on horses’ immune system, i.e. their ability to ward off a viral or bacterial aggression. That is why, thoug ...
immune system - Bio-Inspired Artificial Intelligence
... • ARTIS is an AIS framework that models many of the processes and properties of the vertebrate immune system. • The goal of ARTIS is to specify the elements of a general adaptive distributed system without reference to any specific application. • In ARTIS the system to be monitored is a distributed ...
... • ARTIS is an AIS framework that models many of the processes and properties of the vertebrate immune system. • The goal of ARTIS is to specify the elements of a general adaptive distributed system without reference to any specific application. • In ARTIS the system to be monitored is a distributed ...
Phagocytosis in Teleosts. Implications of the New Cells Involved
... and dendritic cells. Nevertheless, in recent years phagocytic properties have also been attributed to teleost lymphocytes and thrombocytes. The possible implications of such cells on this important biological process, new factors affecting phagocytosis, evasion of phagocytosis or new forms of phagoc ...
... and dendritic cells. Nevertheless, in recent years phagocytic properties have also been attributed to teleost lymphocytes and thrombocytes. The possible implications of such cells on this important biological process, new factors affecting phagocytosis, evasion of phagocytosis or new forms of phagoc ...
The role of B lymphocytes in the progression of autoimmunity to
... pathogenic T cells B lymphocytes are uniquely endowed to drive autoimmunity as antigen presenting cells because they can bind native self proteins through their BCR, process them and present them to T lymphocytes (Figure 1B). In murine EAE, B lymphocytes are dispensable when disease is induced by MO ...
... pathogenic T cells B lymphocytes are uniquely endowed to drive autoimmunity as antigen presenting cells because they can bind native self proteins through their BCR, process them and present them to T lymphocytes (Figure 1B). In murine EAE, B lymphocytes are dispensable when disease is induced by MO ...
Innate responses of B cells
... an mAb to detect specific peptide-MHC class II complex on the surface of APC, the appearance of presumably immunogenic material on B cells is within hours [31] or even minutes [32] after intradermal injection of the antigen. Pape et al. [32] go on to show that follicular B cells acquire soluble anti ...
... an mAb to detect specific peptide-MHC class II complex on the surface of APC, the appearance of presumably immunogenic material on B cells is within hours [31] or even minutes [32] after intradermal injection of the antigen. Pape et al. [32] go on to show that follicular B cells acquire soluble anti ...
Origin and evolution of the adaptive immune system: genetic events
... by single genes that encode the different constant (C) regions. The primary H chain repertoire is generated by rearrangement in the primary lymphoid tissues (for ...
... by single genes that encode the different constant (C) regions. The primary H chain repertoire is generated by rearrangement in the primary lymphoid tissues (for ...
Interactions Between Intracellular Chloride Concentrations
... values were used in this figure because KCN effects were not determined for all respiration assays). Variations of 0.15 unity of pH were used to analyse the populations. Populations of alkalized cells were added to control populations. Cells with a pHi between 7.3 and 7.44 have lower respiratory rat ...
... values were used in this figure because KCN effects were not determined for all respiration assays). Variations of 0.15 unity of pH were used to analyse the populations. Populations of alkalized cells were added to control populations. Cells with a pHi between 7.3 and 7.44 have lower respiratory rat ...
Acute Kidney Injury and Systemic Inflammatory Response * an
... elevated in patients with AKI alone. We aim to complete recruitment of 20 patients in each group, analyse day 2 and 7 results and perform cytokine profiling on saved serum samples to conclude this study. More research is needed to fully characterise the inflammatory response in human AKI and any res ...
... elevated in patients with AKI alone. We aim to complete recruitment of 20 patients in each group, analyse day 2 and 7 results and perform cytokine profiling on saved serum samples to conclude this study. More research is needed to fully characterise the inflammatory response in human AKI and any res ...
Characterization of hTERT-immortalized Prostate-derived
... telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) alone, and have been continuously passaged for more than 40 PDL in our hands. Our data shows that the hTERT-immortalized CAFs proliferate faster than the NAFs; in addition, both CAFs and NAFs express fibroblast markers such as TE7 and alpha smooth muscle acti ...
... telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) alone, and have been continuously passaged for more than 40 PDL in our hands. Our data shows that the hTERT-immortalized CAFs proliferate faster than the NAFs; in addition, both CAFs and NAFs express fibroblast markers such as TE7 and alpha smooth muscle acti ...
Stereotyped and specific gene expression programs in human innate immune responses to bacteria.
... breaching epithelial barriers; many and perhaps most human cells respond to molecular signs of microbial invasion by initiating local defense mechanisms, and recruiting and activating the specialized cells of the immune system. A central component of the host’s surveillance system for invading patho ...
... breaching epithelial barriers; many and perhaps most human cells respond to molecular signs of microbial invasion by initiating local defense mechanisms, and recruiting and activating the specialized cells of the immune system. A central component of the host’s surveillance system for invading patho ...
Regulation of COX-2 signaling in the blood brain barrier Final thesis
... Upon an inflammation when pathogens like bacteria or virus invade an organism the innate immunity depends on recognition and removal of unwanted material [19]. As a response to the inflammation, white blood cells, mostly neutrophils, start to migrate followed by a large number of macrophages that he ...
... Upon an inflammation when pathogens like bacteria or virus invade an organism the innate immunity depends on recognition and removal of unwanted material [19]. As a response to the inflammation, white blood cells, mostly neutrophils, start to migrate followed by a large number of macrophages that he ...
Correlates with Immunodominance Markedly over the Course of
... qualitative considerations, too, are important. The marker phenotypes (3–5), anatomical distribution, and effector functions of memory cells are areas of active investigation (6, 7) and are somewhat controversial. However, there is no doubt that certain B and T cell effector functions improve with t ...
... qualitative considerations, too, are important. The marker phenotypes (3–5), anatomical distribution, and effector functions of memory cells are areas of active investigation (6, 7) and are somewhat controversial. However, there is no doubt that certain B and T cell effector functions improve with t ...
Two-zone tumor tolerance can arise from a simple
... is the ability to distinguish foreign agents from an organism’s own healthy tissue (self/nonself dichotomy). A central role in this discriminatory ability is played by antigens, which are molecules capable of inducing an immune response. Nonself antigens appear not only in pathogens, but also in mal ...
... is the ability to distinguish foreign agents from an organism’s own healthy tissue (self/nonself dichotomy). A central role in this discriminatory ability is played by antigens, which are molecules capable of inducing an immune response. Nonself antigens appear not only in pathogens, but also in mal ...
The mapping of linear B-cell epitope regions in desmoglein 1 and 3
... similarity to the native antigen which allows the binding of antibodies. This is a rapid, practical, and cost-effective method for linear epitope region identification [20, 21]. B-cell epitope mapping using a series of pin-attached overlapping synthetic peptides can be a very efficient way to identi ...
... similarity to the native antigen which allows the binding of antibodies. This is a rapid, practical, and cost-effective method for linear epitope region identification [20, 21]. B-cell epitope mapping using a series of pin-attached overlapping synthetic peptides can be a very efficient way to identi ...
Immunology
... MONOCYTE MACROPHAGE SYSTEM CELLS Steam cells that pass to bone marrow and under the effect of IL-3, GM-CSF and M-CSF develop to monocytes and latter differentiates to different macrophages. The series involve many cells: In Bone marrow monoblast, promonocyte and ...
... MONOCYTE MACROPHAGE SYSTEM CELLS Steam cells that pass to bone marrow and under the effect of IL-3, GM-CSF and M-CSF develop to monocytes and latter differentiates to different macrophages. The series involve many cells: In Bone marrow monoblast, promonocyte and ...
UNIVERSITY OF DUBLIN TRINITY COLLEGE DUBLIN SCHOOL OF BIOCHEMISTRY &
... good idea to have something prepared but ensure that it is a specific topic. Do not be too general and say that you’re interested in protein structure! The Extern may also ask you on your views of the course; was there a part of the course you really enjoyed or not as the case may be. The role of th ...
... good idea to have something prepared but ensure that it is a specific topic. Do not be too general and say that you’re interested in protein structure! The Extern may also ask you on your views of the course; was there a part of the course you really enjoyed or not as the case may be. The role of th ...
Bacterial Agglutination
... Bacterial agglutination is a highly specific identification of microorganisms that can be obtained by serological techniques. In vitro, antigens and antibodies combine and produce reactions that are visibly measured. The chemical compositions of antigens differ; therefore, each antigen will react on ...
... Bacterial agglutination is a highly specific identification of microorganisms that can be obtained by serological techniques. In vitro, antigens and antibodies combine and produce reactions that are visibly measured. The chemical compositions of antigens differ; therefore, each antigen will react on ...
emboj7601343-sup
... phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride (PMSF), 1 g/ml leupeptin, 1 g/ml aprotinin) before being centrifuged at 1000rpm in an Avanti benchtop centrifuge at 4°C for 10 minutes. The supernatant was removed and the pellet was resuspended in 0.5 ml of lysis buffer (1% SDS, 10 mM EDTA, 50 mM Tris-HCl, pH 8.1, 1 ...
... phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride (PMSF), 1 g/ml leupeptin, 1 g/ml aprotinin) before being centrifuged at 1000rpm in an Avanti benchtop centrifuge at 4°C for 10 minutes. The supernatant was removed and the pellet was resuspended in 0.5 ml of lysis buffer (1% SDS, 10 mM EDTA, 50 mM Tris-HCl, pH 8.1, 1 ...
T-Cell Receptor PP - University of Arizona
... The best characterized (and probably the most important) costimulatory molecule is CD28, a 44-kd glycoprotein that is expressed as a homodimer on the surfaces of virtually all CD4 T cells and approximately 50% of CD8 T cells. CD28 binds two distinct cell surface molecules, B7.1 and B7.2, found on de ...
... The best characterized (and probably the most important) costimulatory molecule is CD28, a 44-kd glycoprotein that is expressed as a homodimer on the surfaces of virtually all CD4 T cells and approximately 50% of CD8 T cells. CD28 binds two distinct cell surface molecules, B7.1 and B7.2, found on de ...
Inflammation in the Bovine Female Reproductive Tract
... Tritrichomonas foetus-are well adapted to the female genital tract and can persist for months after infection at coitus (51, 52). Both agents are noninvasive, (i.e., they are uterine lumen dwellers existing in the extracelluar compartment). Both can cause mild to moderate inflammation of the mucosae ...
... Tritrichomonas foetus-are well adapted to the female genital tract and can persist for months after infection at coitus (51, 52). Both agents are noninvasive, (i.e., they are uterine lumen dwellers existing in the extracelluar compartment). Both can cause mild to moderate inflammation of the mucosae ...
Defining How Botulinum Toxin Binds to the
... work reveals a possible structural basis to help understand the remarkable neuron specificity and extreme potency of BoNTs. Decades ago, a “double receptor” model was proposed in which BoNTs recognize nerve terminals via interactions with both gangliosides and protein receptors that mediate their ce ...
... work reveals a possible structural basis to help understand the remarkable neuron specificity and extreme potency of BoNTs. Decades ago, a “double receptor” model was proposed in which BoNTs recognize nerve terminals via interactions with both gangliosides and protein receptors that mediate their ce ...
Myco Silencer® MEH - Merck Animal Health
... comingling pigs from different breeding herds. Since Hps penetrates segregated early weaning (SEW) systems, it is a disease of modern high health pig production. Hps infection passes from a sow to her piglets at a very young age, colonizing the tonsils and upper respiratory tract as normal flora. Un ...
... comingling pigs from different breeding herds. Since Hps penetrates segregated early weaning (SEW) systems, it is a disease of modern high health pig production. Hps infection passes from a sow to her piglets at a very young age, colonizing the tonsils and upper respiratory tract as normal flora. Un ...
PIA from - Microbiology
... The sequences of the por genes, encoding outer-membrane protein PI, have been obtained from a number of strains of Neisseria gonorrhoeae that express PIA molecules with Mering serovar specificities. The inferred amino acid sequences of the mature proteins each comprise 308 residues and show consider ...
... The sequences of the por genes, encoding outer-membrane protein PI, have been obtained from a number of strains of Neisseria gonorrhoeae that express PIA molecules with Mering serovar specificities. The inferred amino acid sequences of the mature proteins each comprise 308 residues and show consider ...
Cellular immune controls over Epstein
... However, if delayed until adolescence or later, as often happens in affluent societies, it sometimes presents as infectious mononucleosis (IM). This disease is characterized by large expansions of activated CD8+ T cells and to some extent NK cells appearing in the blood; indeed the classical symptom ...
... However, if delayed until adolescence or later, as often happens in affluent societies, it sometimes presents as infectious mononucleosis (IM). This disease is characterized by large expansions of activated CD8+ T cells and to some extent NK cells appearing in the blood; indeed the classical symptom ...
Polyclonal B cell response
Polyclonal B cell response is a natural mode of immune response exhibited by the adaptive immune system of mammals. It ensures that a single antigen is recognized and attacked through its overlapping parts, called epitopes, by multiple clones of B cell.In the course of normal immune response, parts of pathogens (e.g. bacteria) are recognized by the immune system as foreign (non-self), and eliminated or effectively neutralized to reduce their potential damage. Such a recognizable substance is called an antigen. The immune system may respond in multiple ways to an antigen; a key feature of this response is the production of antibodies by B cells (or B lymphocytes) involving an arm of the immune system known as humoral immunity. The antibodies are soluble and do not require direct cell-to-cell contact between the pathogen and the B-cell to function.Antigens can be large and complex substances, and any single antibody can only bind to a small, specific area on the antigen. Consequently, an effective immune response often involves the production of many different antibodies by many different B cells against the same antigen. Hence the term ""polyclonal"", which derives from the words poly, meaning many, and clones (""Klon""=Greek for sprout or twig); a clone is a group of cells arising from a common ""mother"" cell. The antibodies thus produced in a polyclonal response are known as polyclonal antibodies. The heterogeneous polyclonal antibodies are distinct from monoclonal antibody molecules, which are identical and react against a single epitope only, i.e., are more specific.Although the polyclonal response confers advantages on the immune system, in particular, greater probability of reacting against pathogens, it also increases chances of developing certain autoimmune diseases resulting from the reaction of the immune system against native molecules produced within the host.