Immunity
... * Originate from stem cells in bone marrow * Maturation in bone marrow followed by migration to secondary lymphoid tissue * Antigen exposure in secondary lymphoid tissue * Following exposure to antigen, differentiation into plasma cells and memory cells * Plasma cells produce antibodies of all IG cl ...
... * Originate from stem cells in bone marrow * Maturation in bone marrow followed by migration to secondary lymphoid tissue * Antigen exposure in secondary lymphoid tissue * Following exposure to antigen, differentiation into plasma cells and memory cells * Plasma cells produce antibodies of all IG cl ...
Cellular Components of the Immune Response
... Appendix 1: Pages A1 to A26 339 CD Antigens on Leucocytes ...
... Appendix 1: Pages A1 to A26 339 CD Antigens on Leucocytes ...
Lab Exercise 17 - Bakersfield College
... Peyer’s patches of the intestines. A small percentage of activated B-cells become memory Bcells, which produce small amounts of antibodies, but mostly lie dormant, waiting to be activated in large numbers, should the antigen be encountered in a subsequent infection. Antibodies are blood proteins, al ...
... Peyer’s patches of the intestines. A small percentage of activated B-cells become memory Bcells, which produce small amounts of antibodies, but mostly lie dormant, waiting to be activated in large numbers, should the antigen be encountered in a subsequent infection. Antibodies are blood proteins, al ...
X Tumor Immunity (Clynes) Cross-presentation The Good News/Bad News Story
... • Turn cancer cell into an APC or a recruiter of APCs: transfect/infect tumor with costim. gene (B7) or with cytokine gene (GM-CSF), DC tumor cell fusion. • Gene gun (DNA vaccination:tumor specific gene+/costimulatory+/-cytokine genes) • Autologous DC’s “pulsed” with protein, peptides etc. Attemp ...
... • Turn cancer cell into an APC or a recruiter of APCs: transfect/infect tumor with costim. gene (B7) or with cytokine gene (GM-CSF), DC tumor cell fusion. • Gene gun (DNA vaccination:tumor specific gene+/costimulatory+/-cytokine genes) • Autologous DC’s “pulsed” with protein, peptides etc. Attemp ...
DEFENSE – Integumentary System
... The main function of the immune system is to fight off ___________. This is the job of the ________ blood cells and the ___________ they create. White blood cell travels throughout the body through the ___________ system. This allows them to be ___________ to every part of the body. A substanc ...
... The main function of the immune system is to fight off ___________. This is the job of the ________ blood cells and the ___________ they create. White blood cell travels throughout the body through the ___________ system. This allows them to be ___________ to every part of the body. A substanc ...
Computer Simulation for the Development of Immune Cells
... Getting sick easily if they are weak May be stronger if you take care of them Looking younger and living a long, healthy life if you have a strong immune system ...
... Getting sick easily if they are weak May be stronger if you take care of them Looking younger and living a long, healthy life if you have a strong immune system ...
integumentary, immune and lymphatic systems
... help the immune system, but it is important to remember that antibiotics only kill bacteria! **Vaccines work by mimicking the body’s natural immune response. A small amount of the specially treated virus, bacterium or toxin (vaccine) is injected into the body. The body then makes antibodies. If a va ...
... help the immune system, but it is important to remember that antibiotics only kill bacteria! **Vaccines work by mimicking the body’s natural immune response. A small amount of the specially treated virus, bacterium or toxin (vaccine) is injected into the body. The body then makes antibodies. If a va ...
Chapter 5 Gases - LCMR School District
... • Cytotoxic T cells kill body cells displaying antigen-MHC markers – including cancer cells that display altered body proteins, and body cells infected with intracellular pathogens • T cell releases protein-digesting enzymes and perforins • Perforins assemble into complexes that insert themselves in ...
... • Cytotoxic T cells kill body cells displaying antigen-MHC markers – including cancer cells that display altered body proteins, and body cells infected with intracellular pathogens • T cell releases protein-digesting enzymes and perforins • Perforins assemble into complexes that insert themselves in ...
Case study slides by Lara Alshabatat
... capable of normal responses to non-specific mitogens and to an allogeneic stimulus in which the antigen is presented by the MHC molecules on the surface of the ( nondefective ) allogeneic cells and thus does not require to be processed and presented by the defective cells , However, the failure of h ...
... capable of normal responses to non-specific mitogens and to an allogeneic stimulus in which the antigen is presented by the MHC molecules on the surface of the ( nondefective ) allogeneic cells and thus does not require to be processed and presented by the defective cells , However, the failure of h ...
Bio_132_files/Blood and Immunity
... – React nonspecifically and eliminate cancerous and virus-infected cells – Kill their target cells by releasing perforins and other cytolytic (cell- lysing) chemicals – Secrete potent chemicals that enhance the inflammatory response ...
... – React nonspecifically and eliminate cancerous and virus-infected cells – Kill their target cells by releasing perforins and other cytolytic (cell- lysing) chemicals – Secrete potent chemicals that enhance the inflammatory response ...
Immune System PowerPoint
... ○ Innate – immunity you are born with ○ Adaptive – immunity that develops throughout our lives ○ Passive – immunity that is borrowed from another person or ...
... ○ Innate – immunity you are born with ○ Adaptive – immunity that develops throughout our lives ○ Passive – immunity that is borrowed from another person or ...
Multiple Sclerosis
... In Multiple Sclerosis (or "MS") a loss of the nerves' axon coating myelin prohibits the nerve axons from efficiently conducting action and synaptic potentials. Scar tissue (called plaques or lesions) forms at the points where demyelination occurs in the brain and spinal cord, hence the name "Multip ...
... In Multiple Sclerosis (or "MS") a loss of the nerves' axon coating myelin prohibits the nerve axons from efficiently conducting action and synaptic potentials. Scar tissue (called plaques or lesions) forms at the points where demyelination occurs in the brain and spinal cord, hence the name "Multip ...
01-Introduction to Immunology 1st lecture
... • Antigen (Ag): any substance (usually foreign) that binds specifically to a component of adaptive immunity. • Immunogen: any substance capable of eliciting an immune response. All immunogens are antigen, but some antigens are not immunogens. • Antibody (Ab) – Secreted immunoglobulin from plasma cel ...
... • Antigen (Ag): any substance (usually foreign) that binds specifically to a component of adaptive immunity. • Immunogen: any substance capable of eliciting an immune response. All immunogens are antigen, but some antigens are not immunogens. • Antibody (Ab) – Secreted immunoglobulin from plasma cel ...
The immune system
... lymphocytes T lymphocytes make antibodies cellular immunity humoral mature in thymus immunity 1. Immunocompetence mature in bone ability of immune cells marrow to recognize (by binding) to specific agns; recognition implies presence of plasma membrane receptors ...
... lymphocytes T lymphocytes make antibodies cellular immunity humoral mature in thymus immunity 1. Immunocompetence mature in bone ability of immune cells marrow to recognize (by binding) to specific agns; recognition implies presence of plasma membrane receptors ...
Chapter 15 Adaptive, Specific Immunity and Immunization
... prevents injury to the host during responses to foreign antigens to self The two features that best distinguish adaptive and innate immunity are specificity and ...
... prevents injury to the host during responses to foreign antigens to self The two features that best distinguish adaptive and innate immunity are specificity and ...
LESSON 3.3 WORKBOOK How can the immune system
... In the previous lesson we learned how errors of DNA replication cause mutations and transform cells. We learned that mutagens able to mutate DNA can be carcinogens. However not all carcinogens are mutagens; some increase the frequency of random DNA mutations by causing cells to hyperproliferate. In ...
... In the previous lesson we learned how errors of DNA replication cause mutations and transform cells. We learned that mutagens able to mutate DNA can be carcinogens. However not all carcinogens are mutagens; some increase the frequency of random DNA mutations by causing cells to hyperproliferate. In ...
Chapter 43: The Immune System
... immediate immune response and immunological memory through memory cells quick secondary response iii. Passive immunity—achieve immunity by transfer antibodies from immune individual to non-immune individual; does not result from action of recipient’s B and T cells; antibodies received immediately ...
... immediate immune response and immunological memory through memory cells quick secondary response iii. Passive immunity—achieve immunity by transfer antibodies from immune individual to non-immune individual; does not result from action of recipient’s B and T cells; antibodies received immediately ...
Immune system
... • B cells: humoral or antibody-mediated immunity • T cells: cell-mediated immunity, action by cells – Helper T cells: stimulate other immune cells – Cytotoxic T cells: kill abnormal and foreign cells in a specific manner (specific type of cancer cells) ...
... • B cells: humoral or antibody-mediated immunity • T cells: cell-mediated immunity, action by cells – Helper T cells: stimulate other immune cells – Cytotoxic T cells: kill abnormal and foreign cells in a specific manner (specific type of cancer cells) ...
NoB2ch08QUICKcheck-ed
... What cells are produced by the cloning of B cells? What is their function? When the presence of an antigen activates a B cell, the B cell replicates many times. Many of these cells produced by this cloning differentiate into plasma cells whose function is to produce large numbers of antibodies that ...
... What cells are produced by the cloning of B cells? What is their function? When the presence of an antigen activates a B cell, the B cell replicates many times. Many of these cells produced by this cloning differentiate into plasma cells whose function is to produce large numbers of antibodies that ...
穨 bio
... (A)Transposons have a specific target site within the genome. (B)Transposons are found in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes. (C)Transposons can move from a plasmid to the chromosome of the bacterium. (D)Transposons may replicate at the original site and insert the copy at another site. (E)Transposons ...
... (A)Transposons have a specific target site within the genome. (B)Transposons are found in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes. (C)Transposons can move from a plasmid to the chromosome of the bacterium. (D)Transposons may replicate at the original site and insert the copy at another site. (E)Transposons ...
apch19.ppt
... bacteria. They then take cellular markers from these foreign cells and attach them to their cell membranes. As such they become an ‘antigen-presenting macrophage’ and can serve as activators for the immune response. They can then go find lymphocytes and activate them to recognize the invading ...
... bacteria. They then take cellular markers from these foreign cells and attach them to their cell membranes. As such they become an ‘antigen-presenting macrophage’ and can serve as activators for the immune response. They can then go find lymphocytes and activate them to recognize the invading ...
File
... (2) Basophils – release histamine – inflammation & allergic responses Mast cells are tissue cells that are related to basophils and have si,ilar function (3) Eosinophils – some phagocytosis – toxic against parasites, increased in allergic reactions b. Monocytes – circulate in blood – leave blood & m ...
... (2) Basophils – release histamine – inflammation & allergic responses Mast cells are tissue cells that are related to basophils and have si,ilar function (3) Eosinophils – some phagocytosis – toxic against parasites, increased in allergic reactions b. Monocytes – circulate in blood – leave blood & m ...
Immunology - Mosaiced.org
... Major functions of complement: Opsonisation of micro-organisms, to enhance phagocytosis (complement fragments C3b binds to the surface of a microbe and interacts with receptors on phagocytes to promote phagocytosis). Direct lysing of micro-organisms; several complement proteins come together to ...
... Major functions of complement: Opsonisation of micro-organisms, to enhance phagocytosis (complement fragments C3b binds to the surface of a microbe and interacts with receptors on phagocytes to promote phagocytosis). Direct lysing of micro-organisms; several complement proteins come together to ...
Cancer immunotherapy
Cancer immunotherapy (immuno-oncology) is the use of the immune system to treat cancer. Immunotherapies fall into three main groups: cellular, antibody and cytokine. They exploit the fact that cancer cells often have subtly different molecules on their surface that can be detected by the immune system. These molecules, known as cancer antigens, are most commonly proteins, but also include molecules such as carbohydrates. Immunotherapy is used to provoke the immune system into attacking the tumor cells by using these antigens as targets.Antibody therapies are the most successful immunotherapy, treating a wide range of cancers. Antibodies are proteins produced by the immune system that bind to a target antigen on the cell surface. In normal physiology the immune system uses them to fight pathogens. Each antibody is specific to one or a few proteins. Those that bind to cancer antigens are used to treat cancer. Cell surface receptors are common targets for antibody therapies and include the CD20, CD274, and CD279. Once bound to a cancer antigen, antibodies can induce antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity, activate the complement system, or prevent a receptor from interacting with its ligand, all of which can lead to cell death. Multiple antibodies are approved to treat cancer, including Alemtuzumab, Ipilimumab, Nivolumab, Ofatumumab, and Rituximab.Cellular therapies, also known as cancer vaccines, usually involve the removal of immune cells from the blood or from a tumor. Immune cells specific for the tumor are activated, cultured and returned to the patient where the immune cells attack the cancer. Cell types that can be used in this way are natural killer cells, lymphokine-activated killer cells, cytotoxic T cells and dendritic cells. The only cell-based therapy approved in the US is Dendreon's Provenge, for the treatment of prostate cancer.Interleukin-2 and interferon-α are examples of cytokines, proteins that regulate and coordinate the behaviour of the immune system. They have the ability to enhance anti-tumor activity and thus can be used as cancer treatments. Interferon-α is used in the treatment of hairy-cell leukaemia, AIDS-related Kaposi's sarcoma, follicular lymphoma, chronic myeloid leukaemia and malignant melanoma. Interleukin-2 is used in the treatment of malignant melanoma and renal cell carcinoma.