Immunology Practice Exam - Website of Neelay Gandhi
... 36. An antigen found in relatively high concentration in the plasma of normal fetuses and a high proportion of patients testicular cancer is: A. viral antigen. B. carcinoembryonic antigen C. alpha-fetoprotein D. heterophile antigen 37. A 42-year-old female had a renal transplant. She was treated wi ...
... 36. An antigen found in relatively high concentration in the plasma of normal fetuses and a high proportion of patients testicular cancer is: A. viral antigen. B. carcinoembryonic antigen C. alpha-fetoprotein D. heterophile antigen 37. A 42-year-old female had a renal transplant. She was treated wi ...
Autoimmunity - the IID and GHTP
... Major Histocompatibility Complex • Human – A set of linked genes, located on chromosome 6 • Molecules encoded by the MHC: – Cell surface receptors – Bind unique antigen fragments – Display them for recognition by immune effectors; most importantly T – Cells ...
... Major Histocompatibility Complex • Human – A set of linked genes, located on chromosome 6 • Molecules encoded by the MHC: – Cell surface receptors – Bind unique antigen fragments – Display them for recognition by immune effectors; most importantly T – Cells ...
Concept Analysis Diagram
... 1. Explain the correlation between the listed exemplars and the concept of Immunity (including compromised antecedents, deficit measurement in attributes, a list of negative consequences, and the interrelated concepts which may be involved). 2. Describe the optimal human body immune response. 3. Ide ...
... 1. Explain the correlation between the listed exemplars and the concept of Immunity (including compromised antecedents, deficit measurement in attributes, a list of negative consequences, and the interrelated concepts which may be involved). 2. Describe the optimal human body immune response. 3. Ide ...
Adaptive Immune Response Traveled by: The Role of Innate
... Koshland on the analysis of the amino acid composition of antibodies purified from rabbits immunized with distinct antigens. I remember very well reading this paper, as it contained the first evidence of variability in protein structure in the specific case of antibody molecules. This led to a debat ...
... Koshland on the analysis of the amino acid composition of antibodies purified from rabbits immunized with distinct antigens. I remember very well reading this paper, as it contained the first evidence of variability in protein structure in the specific case of antibody molecules. This led to a debat ...
Introduction to Blood :
... 2. Know what blood is & its development. 3. Describe the composition of blood. 4. Ought to know the formed elements of blood. 5. What is plasma? 6. Must know the characteristics of different types of blood cells. 7. Explain the cell morphology. ...
... 2. Know what blood is & its development. 3. Describe the composition of blood. 4. Ought to know the formed elements of blood. 5. What is plasma? 6. Must know the characteristics of different types of blood cells. 7. Explain the cell morphology. ...
Syllbus File - Al-Hussein Bin Talal University
... 2. To learn about the composition and features of innate immunity and acquired immunity 3. To be familiar with the basic function of immunity 4. To learn about clonal selection theory 5. To learn about the brief history and recent developments in immunology, and its status in medicine [Contents] 1. ...
... 2. To learn about the composition and features of innate immunity and acquired immunity 3. To be familiar with the basic function of immunity 4. To learn about clonal selection theory 5. To learn about the brief history and recent developments in immunology, and its status in medicine [Contents] 1. ...
T cell-mediated immunity The nature of antigen recognition by T
... nodes), where the antigens are presented to the available T cells. In this way, the dendritic cells are able to pick out the small proportion of T cells, from the millions present in lymphoid tissue, that specifically recognise the antigen peptides presented on the surface of the DC. Peptides derive ...
... nodes), where the antigens are presented to the available T cells. In this way, the dendritic cells are able to pick out the small proportion of T cells, from the millions present in lymphoid tissue, that specifically recognise the antigen peptides presented on the surface of the DC. Peptides derive ...
Immunogenetics
... everything non-selectively, why don’t we have an immune response against normal cellular proteins? The phenomenon of not attacking “self” proteins is called “tolerance”, and it is the result of clonal deletion. Around the time of birth, all the V-D-J joining involved in making T cell receptors and I ...
... everything non-selectively, why don’t we have an immune response against normal cellular proteins? The phenomenon of not attacking “self” proteins is called “tolerance”, and it is the result of clonal deletion. Around the time of birth, all the V-D-J joining involved in making T cell receptors and I ...
Immunogenetics
... everything non-selectively, why don’t we have an immune response against normal cellular proteins? The phenomenon of not attacking “self” proteins is called “tolerance”, and it is the result of clonal deletion. Around the time of birth, all the V-D-J joining involved in making T cell receptors and I ...
... everything non-selectively, why don’t we have an immune response against normal cellular proteins? The phenomenon of not attacking “self” proteins is called “tolerance”, and it is the result of clonal deletion. Around the time of birth, all the V-D-J joining involved in making T cell receptors and I ...
Immune System
... • Neutralization occurs when a pathogen can no longer infect a host because it is bound to an antibody • Opsonization occurs when antibodies bound to antigens increase phagocytosis • Antibodies together with proteins of the complement system generate a membrane attack complex and cell lysis Animatio ...
... • Neutralization occurs when a pathogen can no longer infect a host because it is bound to an antibody • Opsonization occurs when antibodies bound to antigens increase phagocytosis • Antibodies together with proteins of the complement system generate a membrane attack complex and cell lysis Animatio ...
video slide
... • Neutralization occurs when a pathogen can no longer infect a host because it is bound to an antibody • Opsonization occurs when antibodies bound to antigens increase phagocytosis • Antibodies together with proteins of the complement system generate a membrane attack complex and cell lysis Animatio ...
... • Neutralization occurs when a pathogen can no longer infect a host because it is bound to an antibody • Opsonization occurs when antibodies bound to antigens increase phagocytosis • Antibodies together with proteins of the complement system generate a membrane attack complex and cell lysis Animatio ...
Glomerular diseases
... Ts activity Type II: cytotoxic Cell-mediated cytotoxicity requires prior binding of antibodies to target cells ...
... Ts activity Type II: cytotoxic Cell-mediated cytotoxicity requires prior binding of antibodies to target cells ...
Q1. Use the information in the passage and your
... One drawback with this approach, however, is that antibodies are at present produced using hamster ovary cells. This method is expensive and only produces limited amounts. A new technique is being developed to produce antibodies from plants. It involves introducing the DNA which codes for the requir ...
... One drawback with this approach, however, is that antibodies are at present produced using hamster ovary cells. This method is expensive and only produces limited amounts. A new technique is being developed to produce antibodies from plants. It involves introducing the DNA which codes for the requir ...
Lecture 2: Immunology of Fish and Shrimp
... Differentiates between “self” and “non-self” Works with several types of white blood cells, located throughout the body, that work together in a highly integrated way ...
... Differentiates between “self” and “non-self” Works with several types of white blood cells, located throughout the body, that work together in a highly integrated way ...
PowerPoint
... – important role in innate immunity – kill malignant cells and cells infected with pathogens by releasing granzymes (cytotoxic enzymes) • Two ways of recognizing target cells – bind to antibodies which coat infected or malignant cells (antibodydependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) – recognizes ...
... – important role in innate immunity – kill malignant cells and cells infected with pathogens by releasing granzymes (cytotoxic enzymes) • Two ways of recognizing target cells – bind to antibodies which coat infected or malignant cells (antibodydependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) – recognizes ...
Chapter 2 Antigen
... conditions not be the target of the immune system, but due to mainly genetic and environmental factors the normal immunological tolerance for such an antigen has been lost in these patients. ...
... conditions not be the target of the immune system, but due to mainly genetic and environmental factors the normal immunological tolerance for such an antigen has been lost in these patients. ...
Med Chem 535P – Diagnostic Medicinal Chemistry Hematology
... nodes, alveoli (dust cells), spleen (sinusoidal cells), liver (Kupffer cells), and bone marrow (osteoclasts). They play a major role in removing cellular “aged” neutropils, cellular debris, pathogens, and in the destruction of damaged erythrocytes, plasma proteins, and plasma lipids. They also play ...
... nodes, alveoli (dust cells), spleen (sinusoidal cells), liver (Kupffer cells), and bone marrow (osteoclasts). They play a major role in removing cellular “aged” neutropils, cellular debris, pathogens, and in the destruction of damaged erythrocytes, plasma proteins, and plasma lipids. They also play ...
Lymphatic System/Immunity
... coating the pathogens, which incapacitates them and makes them easier for phagocytes to catch. B. Some background: Major HistoCompatibility proteins (MHC)these are our "self" antigens, our cellular ID badges. (That's I-D as in identification, not the cellular psyche). Two major classes of MHC protei ...
... coating the pathogens, which incapacitates them and makes them easier for phagocytes to catch. B. Some background: Major HistoCompatibility proteins (MHC)these are our "self" antigens, our cellular ID badges. (That's I-D as in identification, not the cellular psyche). Two major classes of MHC protei ...
![guide2109.ppt [Compatibility Mode]](http://s1.studyres.com/store/data/016866030_1-1c909bb71ca28fc9a916cfd64f7b8127-300x300.png)
guide2109.ppt [Compatibility Mode]
... of proteins called the complement system. These proteins flow freely in the blood and can quickly reach the site of an invasion where they can react directly with antigens - molecules that the body recognizes as foreign substances. When activated, the complement proteins can trigger inflammation att ...
... of proteins called the complement system. These proteins flow freely in the blood and can quickly reach the site of an invasion where they can react directly with antigens - molecules that the body recognizes as foreign substances. When activated, the complement proteins can trigger inflammation att ...
Chapter 22 The Lymphatic System, Nonspecific Resistance to
... Immunity - General 1) Cell-mediated immune (CMI) ...
... Immunity - General 1) Cell-mediated immune (CMI) ...
Chapter 2 Antigen
... know that the immune system does not only consist of antibodies. • The modern definition encompasses all substances that can be recognized by the adaptive immune system. ...
... know that the immune system does not only consist of antibodies. • The modern definition encompasses all substances that can be recognized by the adaptive immune system. ...
Adaptive immune system
The adaptive immune system, also known as the acquired immune or, more rarely, as the specific immune system, is a subsystem of the overall immune system that is composed of highly specialized, systemic cells and processes that eliminate or prevent pathogen growth. The adaptive immune system is one of the two main immunity strategies found in vertebrates (the other being the innate immune system). Adaptive immunity creates immunological memory after an initial response to a specific pathogen, leads to an enhanced response to subsequent encounters with that pathogen. This process of acquired immunity is the basis of vaccination. Like the innate system, the adaptive system includes both humoral immunity components and cell-mediated immunity components.Unlike the innate immune system, the adaptive immune system is highly specific to a specific pathogen. Adaptive immunity can also provide long-lasting protection: for example; someone who recovers from measles is now protected against measles for their lifetime but in other cases it does not provide lifetime protection: for example; chickenpox. The adaptive system response destroys invading pathogens and any toxic molecules they produce. Sometimes the adaptive system is unable to distinguish foreign molecules, the effects of this may be hayfever, asthma or any other allergies. Antigens are any substances that elicit the adaptive immune response. The cells that carry out the adaptive immune response are white blood cells known as lymphocytes. Two main broad classes—antibody responses and cell mediated immune response—are also carried by two different lymphocytes (B cells and T cells). In antibody responses, B cells are activated to secrete antibodies, which are proteins also known as immunoglobulins. Antibodies travel through the bloodstream and bind to the foreign antigen causing it to inactivate, which does not allow the antigen to bind to the host.In acquired immunity, pathogen-specific receptors are ""acquired"" during the lifetime of the organism (whereas in innate immunity pathogen-specific receptors are already encoded in the germline). The acquired response is called ""adaptive"" because it prepares the body's immune system for future challenges (though it can actually also be maladaptive when it results in autoimmunity).The system is highly adaptable because of somatic hypermutation (a process of accelerated somatic mutations), and V(D)J recombination (an irreversible genetic recombination of antigen receptor gene segments). This mechanism allows a small number of genes to generate a vast number of different antigen receptors, which are then uniquely expressed on each individual lymphocyte. Because the gene rearrangement leads to an irreversible change in the DNA of each cell, all progeny (offspring) of that cell inherit genes that encode the same receptor specificity, including the memory B cells and memory T cells that are the keys to long-lived specific immunity.A theoretical framework explaining the workings of the acquired immune system is provided by immune network theory. This theory, which builds on established concepts of clonal selection, is being applied in the search for an HIV vaccine.