Postdoctoral Research Scientist in Immunology and Gene
... function of multiple effector lineages [3]. Genetic polymorphisms within the BACH2 locus are associated with susceptibility to several autoimmune and allergic diseases in humans and deletion of BACH2 in mice results in spontaneous lethal inflammation. We have found that BACH2 predominantly binds enh ...
... function of multiple effector lineages [3]. Genetic polymorphisms within the BACH2 locus are associated with susceptibility to several autoimmune and allergic diseases in humans and deletion of BACH2 in mice results in spontaneous lethal inflammation. We have found that BACH2 predominantly binds enh ...
Protozoan Diseases
... • Unexcreted eggs induce cell-mediated delayed type hypersensitvity. Large granulomas are formed and walled off by fibrous tissue • Granulomas often obstruct venous blood flow to the liver or bladder. ...
... • Unexcreted eggs induce cell-mediated delayed type hypersensitvity. Large granulomas are formed and walled off by fibrous tissue • Granulomas often obstruct venous blood flow to the liver or bladder. ...
immunology
... Several layers of passive protection are provided by the mother. In utero, maternal IgG is transported directly across the placenta, so that at birth, human babies have high levels of antibodies, with the same range of antigen specificities as their mother. Breast milk contains antibodies that are t ...
... Several layers of passive protection are provided by the mother. In utero, maternal IgG is transported directly across the placenta, so that at birth, human babies have high levels of antibodies, with the same range of antigen specificities as their mother. Breast milk contains antibodies that are t ...
Chapter 15: The Lymphatic System
... Immunoglobulin M (IgM) type of antibody that develops in blood plasma as a response to bacteria or antigens in food Passive immunity occurs naturally when a fetus receives its mother’s antibodies through the placenta Pathogens disease-causing microorganisms T lymphocytes/T cells responsible for prov ...
... Immunoglobulin M (IgM) type of antibody that develops in blood plasma as a response to bacteria or antigens in food Passive immunity occurs naturally when a fetus receives its mother’s antibodies through the placenta Pathogens disease-causing microorganisms T lymphocytes/T cells responsible for prov ...
Sample Chapter PDF (Chapter 1 — 92K)
... Antigen-presenting cells (APC) such as macrophages and dendritic cells, constitute the third cell type that participate in the acquired immune response. Although these cells do not have antigen-specific receptors as do the lymphocytes, their important function is to process and present the antigen t ...
... Antigen-presenting cells (APC) such as macrophages and dendritic cells, constitute the third cell type that participate in the acquired immune response. Although these cells do not have antigen-specific receptors as do the lymphocytes, their important function is to process and present the antigen t ...
ACQUIRED (SPECIFIC) IMMUNITY
... When an individual exposed to non-self substance either by injection or infection, a complex series of events are created: a. An antigen-presenting cell (usually a macrophage) processes the antigen and presents it to the lymphoid cells of the immune system. (1) For a successful immune response to oc ...
... When an individual exposed to non-self substance either by injection or infection, a complex series of events are created: a. An antigen-presenting cell (usually a macrophage) processes the antigen and presents it to the lymphoid cells of the immune system. (1) For a successful immune response to oc ...
Virus-Cell Interactions
... MHC Class I-peptide complexes on virally infected cells are recognized by TCR on cognate CTLs (CD8+ Cytotoxic T lymphocytes) Viral evasion of CTL response can involve down-regulation of MHC I (less peptide presentation to CTLs) ...
... MHC Class I-peptide complexes on virally infected cells are recognized by TCR on cognate CTLs (CD8+ Cytotoxic T lymphocytes) Viral evasion of CTL response can involve down-regulation of MHC I (less peptide presentation to CTLs) ...
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)
... integrase enzyme (5). Transcription factors transcribe the proviral DNA into genomic ssRNA (6), which is exported to cytoplasm (7). In the cytoplasm, host-cell ribosomes catalyse synthesis of viral precursor proteins (8). The viral precursor proteins are cleaved into viral proteins by viral protease ...
... integrase enzyme (5). Transcription factors transcribe the proviral DNA into genomic ssRNA (6), which is exported to cytoplasm (7). In the cytoplasm, host-cell ribosomes catalyse synthesis of viral precursor proteins (8). The viral precursor proteins are cleaved into viral proteins by viral protease ...
Blood
... • Hypersplenism (splenomegaly) – in a number of conditions the spleen may become enlarged. • Leukopenia: decreased in WBCs. • Thrombocytopenia: decreased in platelets. • Pancytopenia: when all three cells types are decreased. ...
... • Hypersplenism (splenomegaly) – in a number of conditions the spleen may become enlarged. • Leukopenia: decreased in WBCs. • Thrombocytopenia: decreased in platelets. • Pancytopenia: when all three cells types are decreased. ...
What Causes Infectious Diseases
... group together to destroy them. Phagocytosis- the process by which phagocytes engulf and destroy pathogens. Neutrophils- the chief type of phagocyte involved in the process of phagocytosis. Inflammatory response- If pathogens break through your body’s outermost barriers, your body then goes into an ...
... group together to destroy them. Phagocytosis- the process by which phagocytes engulf and destroy pathogens. Neutrophils- the chief type of phagocyte involved in the process of phagocytosis. Inflammatory response- If pathogens break through your body’s outermost barriers, your body then goes into an ...
Lab - TeacherWeb
... Once this specific chemical fits into the receptor, it will release a message to the cell’s nucleus and instruct it to do something. We call these chemicals chemical messengers and examples are the many different types of antibodies and hormones. Cell receptors are very specific, this means that eac ...
... Once this specific chemical fits into the receptor, it will release a message to the cell’s nucleus and instruct it to do something. We call these chemicals chemical messengers and examples are the many different types of antibodies and hormones. Cell receptors are very specific, this means that eac ...
WHO clinical staging of HIV disease in adults and adolescents (2/4)
... • Reduction in the CD4 cell number and the effects on their function reduces the capacity of the body to fight infectious diseases. • Individuals with HIV infection are therefore increasingly susceptible to many infections especially at later stages of HIV infection ...
... • Reduction in the CD4 cell number and the effects on their function reduces the capacity of the body to fight infectious diseases. • Individuals with HIV infection are therefore increasingly susceptible to many infections especially at later stages of HIV infection ...
Role of BBB in inflammation, seizures, strokes, TBI, infections
... appear to have a limited APC capacity restricted to recognition by Th2 cells (17). Figure 2. Intracerebral T-cell responses, mediated by intrapenchymal antigen-presenting cells (APCs), APCs decide the differentiation of T-helper cells (Th) into Th1 and Th2 cells, which secrete type 1 and type 2 cyto ...
... appear to have a limited APC capacity restricted to recognition by Th2 cells (17). Figure 2. Intracerebral T-cell responses, mediated by intrapenchymal antigen-presenting cells (APCs), APCs decide the differentiation of T-helper cells (Th) into Th1 and Th2 cells, which secrete type 1 and type 2 cyto ...
PRESS RELEASE Designer Viruses Stimulate the Immune System
... and the University of Basel have created artificial viruses that can be used to target cancer. These designer viruses alert the immune system and cause it to send killer cells to help fight the tumor. The results, published in the journal Nature Communications, provide a basis for innovative cancer ...
... and the University of Basel have created artificial viruses that can be used to target cancer. These designer viruses alert the immune system and cause it to send killer cells to help fight the tumor. The results, published in the journal Nature Communications, provide a basis for innovative cancer ...
Affimed to Present Data on Immune Cell Engagers at the AACR
... CD16A. AFM26 interacts bivalently with NK-cells, resulting in high avidity, prolonged cell surface retention and potent induction of NK-cell-mediated in vitro lysis of target cells. Binding and cytotoxicity are not impaired at high levels of polyclonal IgG, suggesting that, AFM26, in contrast to cla ...
... CD16A. AFM26 interacts bivalently with NK-cells, resulting in high avidity, prolonged cell surface retention and potent induction of NK-cell-mediated in vitro lysis of target cells. Binding and cytotoxicity are not impaired at high levels of polyclonal IgG, suggesting that, AFM26, in contrast to cla ...
Physical Characteristics of Blood
... antigens belong to you and what don’t – develop self-tolerance • examples of non self-tolerant, foreign antigens = proteins found on or in viruses, bacteria, fungi, protozoans and worms. • Lymphocytes travel throughout the body in spaces between the cells and are carried in the blood and lymphatic s ...
... antigens belong to you and what don’t – develop self-tolerance • examples of non self-tolerant, foreign antigens = proteins found on or in viruses, bacteria, fungi, protozoans and worms. • Lymphocytes travel throughout the body in spaces between the cells and are carried in the blood and lymphatic s ...
e. None of the above
... b. Bursa of fabricius c. Mucosal associated lymphoid tissues like the Peyer’s patches d. Lymph nodes found at the base of the jaw e. Cells that can migrate into the lymphoid tissue in order to activate other cells. 7. Granulocytes fall into three major groups and several subgroups. Which is untrue o ...
... b. Bursa of fabricius c. Mucosal associated lymphoid tissues like the Peyer’s patches d. Lymph nodes found at the base of the jaw e. Cells that can migrate into the lymphoid tissue in order to activate other cells. 7. Granulocytes fall into three major groups and several subgroups. Which is untrue o ...
FUNCTIONS OF THE BLOOD
... Activation of the immune system. • Cytotoxic T cells and B cells lie in the lymphatic tissue after processing. • When antigen enters the body ‘antigen presenting cells’ take the antigen. [dentritic cells and macropharges] • They process the antigen, expose on the surface [incorporated in the cell m ...
... Activation of the immune system. • Cytotoxic T cells and B cells lie in the lymphatic tissue after processing. • When antigen enters the body ‘antigen presenting cells’ take the antigen. [dentritic cells and macropharges] • They process the antigen, expose on the surface [incorporated in the cell m ...
File - AP Biology with Mrs. Davis
... 1. Testosterone and estrogen (signals) released by sex organs 2. Travel to target cells and bind to nuclear receptors (reception) 3. Hormone-receptor complex move to DNA (transduction) 4. Bind to DNA and affect transcription (response) ...
... 1. Testosterone and estrogen (signals) released by sex organs 2. Travel to target cells and bind to nuclear receptors (reception) 3. Hormone-receptor complex move to DNA (transduction) 4. Bind to DNA and affect transcription (response) ...
Headache and The Immune System
... bloodstream and brain, seeking to kill foreign organisms such as bacteria. The immune system is a vastly complicated latticework of different parts, some of which directly attack foreign invaders, and others which regulate the attacking cells. Recent research indicates that the immune system is invo ...
... bloodstream and brain, seeking to kill foreign organisms such as bacteria. The immune system is a vastly complicated latticework of different parts, some of which directly attack foreign invaders, and others which regulate the attacking cells. Recent research indicates that the immune system is invo ...
Teacher`s guide
... Cancer and its appropriate comprehension have been studied for many years. The main alteration caused by this disease is the uncontrolled proliferation of cancer cells and the great risk of metastasis (propagation of cancer cells to different parts of the body). Nowadays the topic is well known, but ...
... Cancer and its appropriate comprehension have been studied for many years. The main alteration caused by this disease is the uncontrolled proliferation of cancer cells and the great risk of metastasis (propagation of cancer cells to different parts of the body). Nowadays the topic is well known, but ...
AMIT TULI
... undergo regulated secretion and exocytosis. For example, during an injury to a cell, a rapid repair response is generated that patches the affected area by adding lysosome-derived membranes at the cell surface disruption site. Also, in certain specialized cells of our body (mainly of the immune syst ...
... undergo regulated secretion and exocytosis. For example, during an injury to a cell, a rapid repair response is generated that patches the affected area by adding lysosome-derived membranes at the cell surface disruption site. Also, in certain specialized cells of our body (mainly of the immune syst ...
실험적 항섬유화 치료법의 임상적용
... an excessive accumulation of extracellular matrix (ECM) in the liver.1,2 A line of evidence suggests that several types of liver cells contributes to liver fibrogenesis including hepatic stellate cell (HSCs), myofibroblasts, bone-marrow derived progenitor cells, and hepatocytes.1, 2 Among them, HSCs ...
... an excessive accumulation of extracellular matrix (ECM) in the liver.1,2 A line of evidence suggests that several types of liver cells contributes to liver fibrogenesis including hepatic stellate cell (HSCs), myofibroblasts, bone-marrow derived progenitor cells, and hepatocytes.1, 2 Among them, HSCs ...
Adaptive immune system
The adaptive immune system, also known as the acquired immune or, more rarely, as the specific immune system, is a subsystem of the overall immune system that is composed of highly specialized, systemic cells and processes that eliminate or prevent pathogen growth. The adaptive immune system is one of the two main immunity strategies found in vertebrates (the other being the innate immune system). Adaptive immunity creates immunological memory after an initial response to a specific pathogen, leads to an enhanced response to subsequent encounters with that pathogen. This process of acquired immunity is the basis of vaccination. Like the innate system, the adaptive system includes both humoral immunity components and cell-mediated immunity components.Unlike the innate immune system, the adaptive immune system is highly specific to a specific pathogen. Adaptive immunity can also provide long-lasting protection: for example; someone who recovers from measles is now protected against measles for their lifetime but in other cases it does not provide lifetime protection: for example; chickenpox. The adaptive system response destroys invading pathogens and any toxic molecules they produce. Sometimes the adaptive system is unable to distinguish foreign molecules, the effects of this may be hayfever, asthma or any other allergies. Antigens are any substances that elicit the adaptive immune response. The cells that carry out the adaptive immune response are white blood cells known as lymphocytes. Two main broad classes—antibody responses and cell mediated immune response—are also carried by two different lymphocytes (B cells and T cells). In antibody responses, B cells are activated to secrete antibodies, which are proteins also known as immunoglobulins. Antibodies travel through the bloodstream and bind to the foreign antigen causing it to inactivate, which does not allow the antigen to bind to the host.In acquired immunity, pathogen-specific receptors are ""acquired"" during the lifetime of the organism (whereas in innate immunity pathogen-specific receptors are already encoded in the germline). The acquired response is called ""adaptive"" because it prepares the body's immune system for future challenges (though it can actually also be maladaptive when it results in autoimmunity).The system is highly adaptable because of somatic hypermutation (a process of accelerated somatic mutations), and V(D)J recombination (an irreversible genetic recombination of antigen receptor gene segments). This mechanism allows a small number of genes to generate a vast number of different antigen receptors, which are then uniquely expressed on each individual lymphocyte. Because the gene rearrangement leads to an irreversible change in the DNA of each cell, all progeny (offspring) of that cell inherit genes that encode the same receptor specificity, including the memory B cells and memory T cells that are the keys to long-lived specific immunity.A theoretical framework explaining the workings of the acquired immune system is provided by immune network theory. This theory, which builds on established concepts of clonal selection, is being applied in the search for an HIV vaccine.