Platelets: versatile effector cells in hemostasis, inflammation, and the
... of rodents and humans and in tissue samples by Bizzozero and by Osler [1, 2]. A concept that has taken longer to establish, but is now rapidly evolving, is that platelets are key effector cells in inflammation and the immune continuum [3, 4], which encompass innate and adaptive immune responses [5]. ...
... of rodents and humans and in tissue samples by Bizzozero and by Osler [1, 2]. A concept that has taken longer to establish, but is now rapidly evolving, is that platelets are key effector cells in inflammation and the immune continuum [3, 4], which encompass innate and adaptive immune responses [5]. ...
An Official ATS Workshop Summary: Recent Advances and Future
... HOST RESPONSE TO Pneumocystis IN NEONATAL MICE To complement studies examining immunity to Pneumocystis in adult mammals, many recent insights into host response have been obtained by studying responses in neonatal mice (11). Pneumocystis is a ubiquitous organism that infects most children, as shown ...
... HOST RESPONSE TO Pneumocystis IN NEONATAL MICE To complement studies examining immunity to Pneumocystis in adult mammals, many recent insights into host response have been obtained by studying responses in neonatal mice (11). Pneumocystis is a ubiquitous organism that infects most children, as shown ...
Histones Activate the NLRP3 Inflammasome in Kupffer Cells during
... recognized as key mechanisms in liver I/R injury (3). Nucleotide-binding domain, leucine-rich repeat containing protein 3 (NLRP3), also known as NALP3 or cryopyrin, is an intracellular nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor that functions as a danger signal sensor that becomes activ ...
... recognized as key mechanisms in liver I/R injury (3). Nucleotide-binding domain, leucine-rich repeat containing protein 3 (NLRP3), also known as NALP3 or cryopyrin, is an intracellular nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor that functions as a danger signal sensor that becomes activ ...
The Innate and Adaptive Immune Response to
... First and foremost, I would like thank my advisor, Dr. Diane E. Griffin, for allowing me to do my master’s research in her laboratory. Her guidance and support was invaluable throughout my time here. I would like to thank her for the opportunity to get involved in the dynamic, challenging, and rewar ...
... First and foremost, I would like thank my advisor, Dr. Diane E. Griffin, for allowing me to do my master’s research in her laboratory. Her guidance and support was invaluable throughout my time here. I would like to thank her for the opportunity to get involved in the dynamic, challenging, and rewar ...
IMMUNOREACTIONS INVOLVING PLATELETS. VI. REACTIONS OF
... spontaneous delivery; all developed petechiae and ecchymoses within 1 to 6 hours after birth and had severe thrombocytopenia, but their hemoglobin and leukocyte counts were normal and they had no other congenital defects. The four mothers were in good health, had normal platelet levels shortly after ...
... spontaneous delivery; all developed petechiae and ecchymoses within 1 to 6 hours after birth and had severe thrombocytopenia, but their hemoglobin and leukocyte counts were normal and they had no other congenital defects. The four mothers were in good health, had normal platelet levels shortly after ...
Update on allergy immunotherapy - Journal of Allergy and Clinical
... levels, IgA levels, and serum inhibitory activity for IgEfacilitated allergen binding to B cells.17 In human subjects Treg cells appear to play a major role in inhibiting allergic disorders. In asthmatic patients IL-10 levels in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid are less than those in healthy control ...
... levels, IgA levels, and serum inhibitory activity for IgEfacilitated allergen binding to B cells.17 In human subjects Treg cells appear to play a major role in inhibiting allergic disorders. In asthmatic patients IL-10 levels in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid are less than those in healthy control ...
Hen egg yolk antibodies - Les Presses agronomiques de Gembloux
... presents a receptor that can bind specifically to the antigen presented, binds to the self / non-self complex of the macrophage. Subsequently, the helper T cell enters into contact with a B-lymphocyte, which also presents on its surface the foreign particles at the same time that the glycoproteins of ...
... presents a receptor that can bind specifically to the antigen presented, binds to the self / non-self complex of the macrophage. Subsequently, the helper T cell enters into contact with a B-lymphocyte, which also presents on its surface the foreign particles at the same time that the glycoproteins of ...
Herbal Supplements and Athlete Immune Function âWhat`s Proven
... excluded from consideration. Accordingly, a supplement containing ephedrine in isolation could not be considered here, but a supplement containing a root extract of Ma Huang (Ephedra sinica, the plant from which ephedrine is produced) could be considered. We make one exception for the isolated compo ...
... excluded from consideration. Accordingly, a supplement containing ephedrine in isolation could not be considered here, but a supplement containing a root extract of Ma Huang (Ephedra sinica, the plant from which ephedrine is produced) could be considered. We make one exception for the isolated compo ...
Mechanisms by which Vitamin A and D may Contribute to (Oral
... heterodimerizes with RXR to VDR-RXR (note that VDRvitamin D can heterodimerisate with bound as well as unbound RXR which means that there is practically no competition with RA). This heterodimer complex will bind VDRE located on DNA (14,19). Subsequently, the activated receptor will recruit co-facto ...
... heterodimerizes with RXR to VDR-RXR (note that VDRvitamin D can heterodimerisate with bound as well as unbound RXR which means that there is practically no competition with RA). This heterodimer complex will bind VDRE located on DNA (14,19). Subsequently, the activated receptor will recruit co-facto ...
Biological properties of extracellular vesicles and their physiological
... of EV subgroups may potentially be achievable by the application of forms of affinity chromatography, employing antibodies against known or suspected EV surface markers (28,29), or using ligands (e.g. heparin) reactive with EV surfaces (30). Other means of sub-fractionation being investigated includ ...
... of EV subgroups may potentially be achievable by the application of forms of affinity chromatography, employing antibodies against known or suspected EV surface markers (28,29), or using ligands (e.g. heparin) reactive with EV surfaces (30). Other means of sub-fractionation being investigated includ ...
Untitled
... requiring prior exposure and are a key component of the innate immune system. Antibodies, by contrast, are produced only after infection, and are specific for the infecting pathogen. The antibodies present in a given person therefore directly reflect the infections to which he or she has been expose ...
... requiring prior exposure and are a key component of the innate immune system. Antibodies, by contrast, are produced only after infection, and are specific for the infecting pathogen. The antibodies present in a given person therefore directly reflect the infections to which he or she has been expose ...
Pathogenesis of prion diseases
... central nervous system and on cells of the immune system. In a given cell type PrPC is necessary, but not sufficient for the replication of prions. PrPSc. PrPSc is an abnormal isoform of the PrPC protein and is found in the tissues of TSE patients. The isoform is partially resistant to digestion by ...
... central nervous system and on cells of the immune system. In a given cell type PrPC is necessary, but not sufficient for the replication of prions. PrPSc. PrPSc is an abnormal isoform of the PrPC protein and is found in the tissues of TSE patients. The isoform is partially resistant to digestion by ...
Immunobiology janeway - Mount Allison University
... requiring prior exposure and are a key component of the innate immune system. Antibodies, by contrast, are produced only after infection, and are specific for the infecting pathogen. The antibodies present in a given person therefore directly reflect the infections to which he or she has been expose ...
... requiring prior exposure and are a key component of the innate immune system. Antibodies, by contrast, are produced only after infection, and are specific for the infecting pathogen. The antibodies present in a given person therefore directly reflect the infections to which he or she has been expose ...
Vitiligo and alopecia areata: apples and oranges?
... diseases of the skin. Vitiligo is caused by the destruction of melanocytes and results in the appearance of white patches on any part of the body, while alopecia areata is characterized by patchy hair loss primarily on the scalp, but may also involve other areas as well. At first glance, the two dis ...
... diseases of the skin. Vitiligo is caused by the destruction of melanocytes and results in the appearance of white patches on any part of the body, while alopecia areata is characterized by patchy hair loss primarily on the scalp, but may also involve other areas as well. At first glance, the two dis ...
Immune Responses In Vitro and In Vivo Oligodeoxynucleotide for
... 3⬘ sides of a CpG dinucleotide within a CpG motif have a major impact on the level of immune activation of a synthetic ODN, but ...
... 3⬘ sides of a CpG dinucleotide within a CpG motif have a major impact on the level of immune activation of a synthetic ODN, but ...
Thesis_Panitz
... immune cells to the sites of infection [66, 164]. For example, pDCs can attract NK cells and activated T cells via secretion of chemokine (C-C motif) ligand (CCL)4 and chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand (CXCL)10 [121]. In addition pDCs are able to promote the differentiation of B cells to antibody-produ ...
... immune cells to the sites of infection [66, 164]. For example, pDCs can attract NK cells and activated T cells via secretion of chemokine (C-C motif) ligand (CCL)4 and chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand (CXCL)10 [121]. In addition pDCs are able to promote the differentiation of B cells to antibody-produ ...
Prolonged suckling period in organic piglet production – Effects on
... feed, and a new microbiological environment. How much this strain influences the piglets depends mostly on their immune system. Piglets from organic production are weaned later (at least 40 days) than piglets from conventional rearing, but the performance and health status of organic piglets are oft ...
... feed, and a new microbiological environment. How much this strain influences the piglets depends mostly on their immune system. Piglets from organic production are weaned later (at least 40 days) than piglets from conventional rearing, but the performance and health status of organic piglets are oft ...
Innate Immune Responses to Respiratory Syncytial Virus
... Figure 1. Construction of FLAG-tagged human codon-optimized vectors for transient transfection and inducible cell line construction. ....................................45 Figure 2. Procedure for live-cell tracking of polyhistidine-tagged RSV infection. ...........46 Figure 3. Subcellular localizati ...
... Figure 1. Construction of FLAG-tagged human codon-optimized vectors for transient transfection and inducible cell line construction. ....................................45 Figure 2. Procedure for live-cell tracking of polyhistidine-tagged RSV infection. ...........46 Figure 3. Subcellular localizati ...
Cenchao Shen - RMIT Research Repository
... I certify that except where due acknowledgement has been made, the work is that of the author alone; the work has not been submitted previously, in whole or in part, to qualify for any other academic award; the content of the thesis is the result of work which has been carried out since the official ...
... I certify that except where due acknowledgement has been made, the work is that of the author alone; the work has not been submitted previously, in whole or in part, to qualify for any other academic award; the content of the thesis is the result of work which has been carried out since the official ...
Pathogen-Induced Apoptotic Neutrophils Express Heat
... Neutrophils undergoing apoptosis induced by exposure to UV irradiation, heat shock, S. aureus, or E. coli were washed twice with PBS and resuspended in DMEM without serum. Before use, M growing in each well were washed and replaced with DMEM without serum. Apoptotic neutrophils (4 ⫻ 106/well of M) ...
... Neutrophils undergoing apoptosis induced by exposure to UV irradiation, heat shock, S. aureus, or E. coli were washed twice with PBS and resuspended in DMEM without serum. Before use, M growing in each well were washed and replaced with DMEM without serum. Apoptotic neutrophils (4 ⫻ 106/well of M) ...
NIH Public Access
... Neutrophils are formed within the bone marrow during hematopoiesis in response to several cytokines, principally granulocyte colony–stimulating factor (G-CSF) (12). The major determinants of the total number of neutrophils in the body are their rate of production, their storage in and egress from th ...
... Neutrophils are formed within the bone marrow during hematopoiesis in response to several cytokines, principally granulocyte colony–stimulating factor (G-CSF) (12). The major determinants of the total number of neutrophils in the body are their rate of production, their storage in and egress from th ...
Cervarix-H-C-721-P46-0088: EPAR - EMA
... and anti HPV-18 antibodies (Cervarix 2-dose schedule divided by Gardasil 2-dose schedule) is above 1. CHMP’s comment The primary objective of the study was met. After Cervarix vaccination as compared to Gardasil vaccination, both administered according to a 2dose schedule in females aged 9-14 years ...
... and anti HPV-18 antibodies (Cervarix 2-dose schedule divided by Gardasil 2-dose schedule) is above 1. CHMP’s comment The primary objective of the study was met. After Cervarix vaccination as compared to Gardasil vaccination, both administered according to a 2dose schedule in females aged 9-14 years ...
EndoS and SpeB from Streptococcus pyogenes
... inability to kill the bacteria is due to reduced binding of IgG to Fc receptors and impaired classical pathwaymediated activation of complement. In addition, the activity of extracellular SpeB, which cleaves IgG into Fc and Fab fragments, also increases bacterial survival. This suggests that S. pyog ...
... inability to kill the bacteria is due to reduced binding of IgG to Fc receptors and impaired classical pathwaymediated activation of complement. In addition, the activity of extracellular SpeB, which cleaves IgG into Fc and Fab fragments, also increases bacterial survival. This suggests that S. pyog ...
Barrier-protective function of intestinal epithelial TLR2 Barrier
... -protective function Barrier-protective function of of intestinal intestinal epithelial epithelial TLR2 TLR2 Elke Cario Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology University Hospital of Essen Essen, Germany ...
... -protective function Barrier-protective function of of intestinal intestinal epithelial epithelial TLR2 TLR2 Elke Cario Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology University Hospital of Essen Essen, Germany ...
Adaptive immune system
The adaptive immune system, also known as the acquired immune or, more rarely, as the specific immune system, is a subsystem of the overall immune system that is composed of highly specialized, systemic cells and processes that eliminate or prevent pathogen growth. The adaptive immune system is one of the two main immunity strategies found in vertebrates (the other being the innate immune system). Adaptive immunity creates immunological memory after an initial response to a specific pathogen, leads to an enhanced response to subsequent encounters with that pathogen. This process of acquired immunity is the basis of vaccination. Like the innate system, the adaptive system includes both humoral immunity components and cell-mediated immunity components.Unlike the innate immune system, the adaptive immune system is highly specific to a specific pathogen. Adaptive immunity can also provide long-lasting protection: for example; someone who recovers from measles is now protected against measles for their lifetime but in other cases it does not provide lifetime protection: for example; chickenpox. The adaptive system response destroys invading pathogens and any toxic molecules they produce. Sometimes the adaptive system is unable to distinguish foreign molecules, the effects of this may be hayfever, asthma or any other allergies. Antigens are any substances that elicit the adaptive immune response. The cells that carry out the adaptive immune response are white blood cells known as lymphocytes. Two main broad classes—antibody responses and cell mediated immune response—are also carried by two different lymphocytes (B cells and T cells). In antibody responses, B cells are activated to secrete antibodies, which are proteins also known as immunoglobulins. Antibodies travel through the bloodstream and bind to the foreign antigen causing it to inactivate, which does not allow the antigen to bind to the host.In acquired immunity, pathogen-specific receptors are ""acquired"" during the lifetime of the organism (whereas in innate immunity pathogen-specific receptors are already encoded in the germline). The acquired response is called ""adaptive"" because it prepares the body's immune system for future challenges (though it can actually also be maladaptive when it results in autoimmunity).The system is highly adaptable because of somatic hypermutation (a process of accelerated somatic mutations), and V(D)J recombination (an irreversible genetic recombination of antigen receptor gene segments). This mechanism allows a small number of genes to generate a vast number of different antigen receptors, which are then uniquely expressed on each individual lymphocyte. Because the gene rearrangement leads to an irreversible change in the DNA of each cell, all progeny (offspring) of that cell inherit genes that encode the same receptor specificity, including the memory B cells and memory T cells that are the keys to long-lived specific immunity.A theoretical framework explaining the workings of the acquired immune system is provided by immune network theory. This theory, which builds on established concepts of clonal selection, is being applied in the search for an HIV vaccine.