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Enterobactereae handout
Enterobactereae handout

... Produce a capsule that protect the bacteria from phagocytosis (mucoid colonies) K.pneumoniae is the most commonly isolated pathogenic species Causes pneumonia May be involved in bacteremia, meningitis, wound infections, UTIs ...
The Human Reproductive System
The Human Reproductive System

... HIV/AIDS FACTS • AIDS has become one of the deadliest diseases in human history. • More than 25 million people around the world have died from this disease, including more than 500,000 Americans. • Health care officials estimate that currently 40 million people worldwide have HIV/AIDS. ...
HIV/AIDS in India The Hard-hit States
HIV/AIDS in India The Hard-hit States

Stressful event
Stressful event

...  the process by which we perceive and respond to certain events, called stressors, that we appraise as threatening or challenging ...
KIDNEY DAMAGE IN AUTOIMMUNE DISEASES
KIDNEY DAMAGE IN AUTOIMMUNE DISEASES

... endogeneous substances like glucose or paraproteins and other, and genetic defects (1). Inflammatory renal disease in the context of autoimmunity occurs because the kidney is targeted by effector responses. Once antibodies are deposited, their exposed Fc (fragment crystalline) regions activate and r ...
Malaria, Mosquitoes, and DDT
Malaria, Mosquitoes, and DDT

1 The SIRS Model
1 The SIRS Model

... Dynamical systems are employed in numerous circumstances to model infectious diseases. These models lead to a better understanding of the causes, distribution and control of diseases. Public health officials use these models in decision making. A number of interesting consequences can be understood ...
RUBELLA (GERMAN MEASLES) What is rubella? Rubella, also
RUBELLA (GERMAN MEASLES) What is rubella? Rubella, also

... Rubella virus is spread through close contact with the nose and throat secretion of an infected person especially during coughs and sneezes. What are the symptoms? Symptoms may begin with low-grade fever, aches and pains, redness of eyes, enlarged lymph glands behind ears and at back of head. A rash ...
Vaginitis and Cervicitis - Annals of Internal Medicine
Vaginitis and Cervicitis - Annals of Internal Medicine

... What are vaginitis and cervicitis? • Vaginitis is an inflammation of the vagina. Cervicitis is an inflammation of the cervix (the cervix connects the vagina and the uterus). • Vaginitis can cause itching, irritation, discharge, or odor. Cervicitis may have no symptoms, or there may be abnormal bleed ...
Clostridia in Sheep - Langford Veterinary Services
Clostridia in Sheep - Langford Veterinary Services

... Clostridial bacteria are present in the soil for long periods of time and cause several devastating diseases of sheep, which progress rapidly and can result in losses of up to 50% of lambs and sheep on a farm. Sheep are often found dying or dead, and treatment is rarely effective. Vaccination is ess ...
Mycoplasma-like Organisms from Plants with `Yellows
Mycoplasma-like Organisms from Plants with `Yellows

... citri symptoms may no longer be viable. The antiserum also reacted with proteins of 23000 mol. wt from cultured cells and spiroplasma-infected plants. These proteins are thought to be related to spiralin which is the major S . citri membrane antigen (Archer & Townsend, 1981). It has been reported th ...
WHAT IS E.COLI O157?
WHAT IS E.COLI O157?

... • Swimming or playing in untreated water such as ponds or streams • From close contact with a person who is infected with E.coli O157. When did I get it? ...
pathology written and practical exam 1
pathology written and practical exam 1

... masses. Which ONE of the following is the MOST LIKELY diagnosis based on these findings? A. Mallory-Weiss injury B. Acute appendicitis C. Villous adenoma of the rectum D. Anorectal Crohn's disease E. Colonic diverticular disease 32. A 2 year old child presents with an abdominal mass and hematuria. C ...
AIDS: Definition, Epidemiology, and Etiology
AIDS: Definition, Epidemiology, and Etiology

... Intervention in this tangle of pathology, either to prevent infection, mitigate its effects, or cure the disease, will be difficult. Preventive measures, including behavior modification and education, hold some hope of retarding the spread of HrV infection. Simple reduction in the number of sexual p ...
Protease Inhibitors
Protease Inhibitors

... the safety and efficacy against strains B, and B/E respectively • The 5400 volunteers in North America and Europe were all HIV-negative men (MSM), and women with HIVinfected sexual partners at high risk for infection • The volunteers in Thailand- 2500 HIV-negative IV drug users. • Successful in recr ...
The Lymphatic System and Immunity
The Lymphatic System and Immunity

... cavity), where they can cause a life-threatening infection. The most effective treatment for appendicitis is the surgical removal of the organ, a procedure known as an appendectomy. ...
Fire Blight - University of Tennessee Extension
Fire Blight - University of Tennessee Extension

... material for controlling fire blight. However, streptomycin is useful only for prevention. It should not be used if symptoms are present. The critical time for fire blight prevention is during the bloom period. Apply streptomycin at 100 parts per million (8 oz/100 gal or 1 teaspoon/gal) beginning wh ...
Bullous Pemphigoid
Bullous Pemphigoid

... attached to a thin sheet. These antibodies (immunoglobulins) bind to proteins in the basement membrane called hemidesmosomal BP antigens and this attracts cells of inflammation. The antigen of this autoimmune disease is localized to the hemidesmosome. A majority of cases of bullous pemphigoid occur ...
Hepatitis C Information - Lindner Center of HOPE
Hepatitis C Information - Lindner Center of HOPE

... When first infected, a person can develop an “acute” infection, which can range in severity from a very mild illness with few or no symptoms to a serious condition requiring hospitalization. How is Hepatitis C spread? Hepatitis C is usually spread when blood from a person infected with the Hepatitis ...
In thinking about vaccines, recall that there are two arms
In thinking about vaccines, recall that there are two arms

... • For most viruses, you are immune to reinfection by the same virus (e.g., chicken pox). • Immunization or vaccination: Process by which one is exposed to a live or inactivated virus, or to components of the virus, in order to establish a state of immunity. • Immunizations against smallpox introduce ...
Print PDF version
Print PDF version

... Could you give me an example to illustrate how “Together it is possible’ in the fight against cancer? Thanks, I think that one of the best examples showing that together it’s possible is the recent development of the vaccine against human papillomavirus, a sexually transmitted virus that we call HPV ...
Supplementary methods No intervention According to the natural
Supplementary methods No intervention According to the natural

... According to the natural history of norovirus infection, we built a Susceptible–Exposed–Infectious/asymptomatic–Removed–Water (SEIARW) model, where individuals are characterized according to their epidemiological status as susceptible (S), exposed (E, infected but not yet fully contagious), infectio ...
Introduction to Haemolytic Anaemias
Introduction to Haemolytic Anaemias

... is not the major cause for the anaemia. There is associated inability of the marrow to compensate for the haemolysis i.e. there is marrow failure. These are NOT included in HA. Normal marrow can increase production rate 6-8 x N. Therefore, red cell survival can decrease from normal 120 days to as fe ...
Document
Document

... introduced to your body. We call them antibiotics! They are produced in another animal. ...
03990.001.07.04 (16-5947-03FNL) CTLA4 Fact Sheet
03990.001.07.04 (16-5947-03FNL) CTLA4 Fact Sheet

... to fight disease is compromised or entirely absent. Immunoglobulin—Large Y-shaped proteins, also known as antibodies, produced by immune cells called B cells. The immune system uses immunoglobulins to identify and neutralize foreign objects such as bacteria. Each immunoglobulin is unique, but they f ...
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Globalization and disease

Globalization, the flow of information, goods, capital and people across political and geographic boundaries, has helped spread some of the deadliest infectious diseases known to humans. The spread of diseases across wide geographic scales has increased through history. Early diseases that spread from Asia to Europe were bubonic plague, influenza of various types, and similar infectious disease.In the current era of globalization, the world is more interdependent than at any other time. Efficient and inexpensive transportation has left few places inaccessible, and increased global trade in agricultural products has brought more and more people into contact with animal diseases that have subsequently jumped species barriers (see zoonosis).Globalization intensified during the Age of Exploration, but trading routes had long been established between Asia and Europe, along which diseases were also transmitted. An increase in travel has helped spread diseases to natives of lands who had not previously been exposed. When a native population is infected with a new disease, where they have not developed antibodies through generations of previous exposure, the new disease tends to run rampant within the population.Etiology, the modern branch of science that deals with the causes of infectious disease, recognizes five major modes of disease transmission: airborne, waterborne, bloodborne, by direct contact, and through vector (insects or other creatures that carry germs from one species to another). As humans began traveling over seas and across lands which were previously isolated, research suggests that diseases have been spread by all five transmission modes.
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