The plasmacytoid dendritic cell: at the cross-roads in asthma
... differences exist as human, but not murine, pDCs express the surface markers blood DC antigen (BDCA)-2 (CD303), BDCA-4 (CD304), immunoglobulin-like transcript 7 (ILT7), and the IL-3 receptor-a chain (CD123). In contrast, murine, but not human, pDCs express Siglec H, B220 (CD45R), bone marrow stromal ...
... differences exist as human, but not murine, pDCs express the surface markers blood DC antigen (BDCA)-2 (CD303), BDCA-4 (CD304), immunoglobulin-like transcript 7 (ILT7), and the IL-3 receptor-a chain (CD123). In contrast, murine, but not human, pDCs express Siglec H, B220 (CD45R), bone marrow stromal ...
Materials and Methods
... The pathophysiology of GVHD involves cellular as well as cytokine-mediated mechanisms. Tissue damage and cytokine dysregulation caused by the conditioning of the patient provide a pro-inflammatory environment even before allogeneic T cells enter the body. Host reactive donor T cells then respond to ...
... The pathophysiology of GVHD involves cellular as well as cytokine-mediated mechanisms. Tissue damage and cytokine dysregulation caused by the conditioning of the patient provide a pro-inflammatory environment even before allogeneic T cells enter the body. Host reactive donor T cells then respond to ...
Self Antigens Expressed by Solid Tumors Do Not Efficiently
... 19). Since such antigens are expressed only in selected tissues and/or at low levels they may be less accessible for lymphocytes, but it is still possible that autoimmune disease may occur if CTLs are activated for therapeutic purposes. Nonetheless, if tissue-specific self antigens were used as targ ...
... 19). Since such antigens are expressed only in selected tissues and/or at low levels they may be less accessible for lymphocytes, but it is still possible that autoimmune disease may occur if CTLs are activated for therapeutic purposes. Nonetheless, if tissue-specific self antigens were used as targ ...
A human SARS-CoV neutralizing antibody against epitope on S2
... Preparation of Luc/SARS S pseudovirus. The Luc/SARS S pseudovirus system was prepared based on the method described in [26]. Briefly, mammalian cell 293T was cotransfected by using three vectors that are mammalian expression vector pMT 21-S coding SARS-CoV S protein, pCMVR 8.2 coding for MuLV Gag and ...
... Preparation of Luc/SARS S pseudovirus. The Luc/SARS S pseudovirus system was prepared based on the method described in [26]. Briefly, mammalian cell 293T was cotransfected by using three vectors that are mammalian expression vector pMT 21-S coding SARS-CoV S protein, pCMVR 8.2 coding for MuLV Gag and ...
Effects of Ionizing Radiation — UNSCEAR 2006 Report, Volume II
... A. Lymphocyte apoptosis. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1. Review of published data. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...
... A. Lymphocyte apoptosis. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1. Review of published data. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...
Autoimmunity to glomerular antigens in
... and IgG and indeed they first termed the lesion IgA-IgG nephropathy. In both IgA nephropathy [24] and HSP [14], clinical exacerbations and nephritis are associated with acute elevations in the IgG content of circulating complexes, and in some studies [25,26] heavy deposition of IgG has been observed ...
... and IgG and indeed they first termed the lesion IgA-IgG nephropathy. In both IgA nephropathy [24] and HSP [14], clinical exacerbations and nephritis are associated with acute elevations in the IgG content of circulating complexes, and in some studies [25,26] heavy deposition of IgG has been observed ...
non-specific stressors in innate immunity
... non-specific therapies such as inducing malaria to treat syphilis [6] and Coley’s toxin, bacterial products that induced immune responses to treat cancers [7]. Unfortunately, their mode of action was never fully elucidated. The APR likely played a key role in the efficacy of those non-specific thera ...
... non-specific therapies such as inducing malaria to treat syphilis [6] and Coley’s toxin, bacterial products that induced immune responses to treat cancers [7]. Unfortunately, their mode of action was never fully elucidated. The APR likely played a key role in the efficacy of those non-specific thera ...
Dual role for B-1a cells in immunity to influenza virus infection
... influenza virus. Whether the CD5+ B-1a subset plays a role during an active immune response is incompletely understood. In contrast to recent data suggesting a passive role for B-1a cells, data provided here show strong highly localized activation of B-1 cells in the draining lymph nodes of the resp ...
... influenza virus. Whether the CD5+ B-1a subset plays a role during an active immune response is incompletely understood. In contrast to recent data suggesting a passive role for B-1a cells, data provided here show strong highly localized activation of B-1 cells in the draining lymph nodes of the resp ...
NK cells in immunotolerant organs
... Furthermore, the number of NK cells varies widely in different liver disease models, suggesting different roles for these cells under different pathological conditions.38,46 For example, NK cell accumulation is observed in the murine liver after viral infection 38,47 or poly(I:C) treatment.28 Previo ...
... Furthermore, the number of NK cells varies widely in different liver disease models, suggesting different roles for these cells under different pathological conditions.38,46 For example, NK cell accumulation is observed in the murine liver after viral infection 38,47 or poly(I:C) treatment.28 Previo ...
Thymosin α1 accelerates restoration of T cell
... is related to the restoration of CD4q T cells. Thymosin a 1 was reported to have significant potentiating effects on thymocyte maturation as shown in Figs. 2 and 3 and immunologic functions which include promotion of IFN-g , interleukin-2 and interleukin-2 receptor production, enhanced proliferation ...
... is related to the restoration of CD4q T cells. Thymosin a 1 was reported to have significant potentiating effects on thymocyte maturation as shown in Figs. 2 and 3 and immunologic functions which include promotion of IFN-g , interleukin-2 and interleukin-2 receptor production, enhanced proliferation ...
Epitope Specificity of Anti-Citrullinated Protein Antibodies
... arthritis, gout and even trauma, and in rare cases healthy individuals as well, are occasionally associated with the presence of antibodies to citrullinated proteins [38–40]. Nevertheless, these antibodies are detected in a very small percentage of cases as compared to RA; thus, antibodies to citrul ...
... arthritis, gout and even trauma, and in rare cases healthy individuals as well, are occasionally associated with the presence of antibodies to citrullinated proteins [38–40]. Nevertheless, these antibodies are detected in a very small percentage of cases as compared to RA; thus, antibodies to citrul ...
Analysis of the functional roles of Mammary Serum Amyloid A3 protein
... Mammary Serum Amyloid A3 (M‐SAA3) is an acute phase protein mainly expressed in the mammary gland. The levels of the protein vary in different physiological situations, indicating that may play an important functional role. In order to analyze the protein properties four ...
... Mammary Serum Amyloid A3 (M‐SAA3) is an acute phase protein mainly expressed in the mammary gland. The levels of the protein vary in different physiological situations, indicating that may play an important functional role. In order to analyze the protein properties four ...
Bacterial short chain fatty acid metabolites modulate the
... Short‐chain fatty acids (SCFAs) impair the killing of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans in vivo. The exudate collected after 4 (a) or 24 hr (b) of A. actinomycetemcomitans inoculation in the chamber was diluted and plated in brain heart infusion chocolate agar. Bacterial colonies were counted, a ...
... Short‐chain fatty acids (SCFAs) impair the killing of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans in vivo. The exudate collected after 4 (a) or 24 hr (b) of A. actinomycetemcomitans inoculation in the chamber was diluted and plated in brain heart infusion chocolate agar. Bacterial colonies were counted, a ...
PD-1 Blockade in Chronically HIV-1
... or secrete antiviral cytokines [12]. Primate and human studies have demonstrated the presence of dysfunctional CD8+ T cells during chronic infections with SIV in primates, as well as chronic HIV, hepatitis B, hepatitis C, and human T lymphotropic virus (HTLV) infections in humans [13]. Programmed De ...
... or secrete antiviral cytokines [12]. Primate and human studies have demonstrated the presence of dysfunctional CD8+ T cells during chronic infections with SIV in primates, as well as chronic HIV, hepatitis B, hepatitis C, and human T lymphotropic virus (HTLV) infections in humans [13]. Programmed De ...
Wall in Acute Kawasaki Disease Oligoclonal IgA Response in the
... based upon possible selective expansion of V2 and V8 T cell receptor families in peripheral blood in acute KD (4, 5); however, other investigators have been unable to confirm this finding (6 – 10). Toxic shock syndrome toxin-1 or streptococcal superantigens were proposed to be related etiologicall ...
... based upon possible selective expansion of V2 and V8 T cell receptor families in peripheral blood in acute KD (4, 5); however, other investigators have been unable to confirm this finding (6 – 10). Toxic shock syndrome toxin-1 or streptococcal superantigens were proposed to be related etiologicall ...
HIV Vaccines - Augustana Digital Commons
... host cells but it will not express the viral or bacterial genome since that may be toxic to the host organism. The transfected foreign DNA will then use the host cell’s machinery to make HIV viral proteins. These proteins are later broken down by proteasomes in the cell and the viral fragments are e ...
... host cells but it will not express the viral or bacterial genome since that may be toxic to the host organism. The transfected foreign DNA will then use the host cell’s machinery to make HIV viral proteins. These proteins are later broken down by proteasomes in the cell and the viral fragments are e ...
oral graft versus host disease
... someone outside the family who has been found to be a “match”. GVHD occurs when transplanted donor’s immune cells (graft) react to patient’s tissues (host) and tries to destroy them. As a consequence of this action, the patient's organs impair their ability to function, and increase the patient's su ...
... someone outside the family who has been found to be a “match”. GVHD occurs when transplanted donor’s immune cells (graft) react to patient’s tissues (host) and tries to destroy them. As a consequence of this action, the patient's organs impair their ability to function, and increase the patient's su ...
Myasthenia Gravis Diagnosis and management Dr. Thanin
... – Symptomatic improvement for a period of time – Initial therapy – Onset in 30 mins. – Peak effect at 2 hrs. – Half life approximately 4 hrs. – Lower risks and side effects than others: abdominal cramping, n/v increased salivation, and diarrhea NEJM 1994; Neurologic clinics 1997 ...
... – Symptomatic improvement for a period of time – Initial therapy – Onset in 30 mins. – Peak effect at 2 hrs. – Half life approximately 4 hrs. – Lower risks and side effects than others: abdominal cramping, n/v increased salivation, and diarrhea NEJM 1994; Neurologic clinics 1997 ...
Dimethyl fumarate and progressive multifocal
... immunosuppression. However, there are reports of PML affecting patients who have conditions associated with minimal or occult immunosuppression, such as hepatic cirrhosis and renal failure [3]. PML has also been reported in patients treated with drugs such as belatacept, brentuximab, efalizumab, flu ...
... immunosuppression. However, there are reports of PML affecting patients who have conditions associated with minimal or occult immunosuppression, such as hepatic cirrhosis and renal failure [3]. PML has also been reported in patients treated with drugs such as belatacept, brentuximab, efalizumab, flu ...
Altered frequency and migration capacity of CD4
... the modulation of local immune responses [14, 15]. Specific expression of CCR4 and CCR8 on Tregs may allow their migration towards inflammatory sites leading to inhibition of antigen presenting cell (APC) function or suppression of responding T cells [16]. However, little is known of the mechanisms ...
... the modulation of local immune responses [14, 15]. Specific expression of CCR4 and CCR8 on Tregs may allow their migration towards inflammatory sites leading to inhibition of antigen presenting cell (APC) function or suppression of responding T cells [16]. However, little is known of the mechanisms ...
The intestinal barrier function and its involvement in digestive disease
... microbiota offers the host other crucial functions, including nutrient acquisition and energy regulation (19), and also influences processes such as inflammatory response, epithelial repair, and angiogenesis (20). The intestinal epithelium has a single layer of specialized, polarized epithelial cell ...
... microbiota offers the host other crucial functions, including nutrient acquisition and energy regulation (19), and also influences processes such as inflammatory response, epithelial repair, and angiogenesis (20). The intestinal epithelium has a single layer of specialized, polarized epithelial cell ...
... environment [5]. Environmental differences may explain the variations in the prevalence of asthma found in western countries. Several studies have shown an association between the risk of developing respiratory allergy and the season of birth [6]. Other environmental factors, such as respiratory vir ...
Regenerative Medicine Annual Report
... or regenerate organs and tissue that have been damaged by disease, injury or even the natural aging process. This rapidly evolving, interdisciplinary field is transforming healthcare by translating fundamental science into a variety of regenerative technologies including biologics, chemical compoun ...
... or regenerate organs and tissue that have been damaged by disease, injury or even the natural aging process. This rapidly evolving, interdisciplinary field is transforming healthcare by translating fundamental science into a variety of regenerative technologies including biologics, chemical compoun ...