The avian lung-associated immune system: a review
... is mixed with residual stale air in the respiratory airways, the avian lung is a flowthrough system [42]. Through the system of air conduits, the primary bronchus, secondary bronchi and tertiary bronchi (parabronchi), the avian specific air sacs ventilate the lung continuously and unidirectionally l ...
... is mixed with residual stale air in the respiratory airways, the avian lung is a flowthrough system [42]. Through the system of air conduits, the primary bronchus, secondary bronchi and tertiary bronchi (parabronchi), the avian specific air sacs ventilate the lung continuously and unidirectionally l ...
Role and regulation of interleukin-1 molecules in pro-asthmatic
... The IL-1 type-I (IL-1RI) and type-2 (IL-1RII) receptor molecules are two distinct receptors that bind to both IL-1a and IL-1b [13]. The IL-1RI receptor is responsible for producing the biological effects that are attributed to IL-1 signalling [14, 15]. In contrast, the IL-1RII receptor does not poss ...
... The IL-1 type-I (IL-1RI) and type-2 (IL-1RII) receptor molecules are two distinct receptors that bind to both IL-1a and IL-1b [13]. The IL-1RI receptor is responsible for producing the biological effects that are attributed to IL-1 signalling [14, 15]. In contrast, the IL-1RII receptor does not poss ...
PhD Rika 140511 - Laboratory of Parasitology
... regulating the permeability of the tight junctional complex. Moreover, Giardia may alter other tight junctional proteins, including the claudins (Troeger et al., 2007). Besides, activated T lymphocytes cause the brush border to retract. Several cytokines are possibly involved in this effect on the m ...
... regulating the permeability of the tight junctional complex. Moreover, Giardia may alter other tight junctional proteins, including the claudins (Troeger et al., 2007). Besides, activated T lymphocytes cause the brush border to retract. Several cytokines are possibly involved in this effect on the m ...
Persistence T Cell Function during Viral + CD8 Memory Generation
... mmunological memory is one of the hallmarks of the adaptive immune system and it can be functionally defined as the stronger protective response of the host to secondary Ag challenge (1, 2). It, thus, allows the immune system to respond more vigorously to infectious pathogens that have been encounte ...
... mmunological memory is one of the hallmarks of the adaptive immune system and it can be functionally defined as the stronger protective response of the host to secondary Ag challenge (1, 2). It, thus, allows the immune system to respond more vigorously to infectious pathogens that have been encounte ...
Photochemotherapy induces the apoptosis of - HAL
... so they are not directly affected by the 8-MOP/UV-A exposure. It has been proposed that in humans the immune system could downmodulate the pathogenic Tlymphocyte reactivity(4). In animal models, the injection of PUVA-treated cells to healthy animal has been shown to induce an immune response that im ...
... so they are not directly affected by the 8-MOP/UV-A exposure. It has been proposed that in humans the immune system could downmodulate the pathogenic Tlymphocyte reactivity(4). In animal models, the injection of PUVA-treated cells to healthy animal has been shown to induce an immune response that im ...
State-of-the-art review about basophil research in immunology and
... hypersensitivity reactions. Although they do have this property, basophils play an important role against many parasites, as well24. Given their similarities to mast cells, basophils have often been neglected and considered as a "redundant" mast cell-like circulating population25; notwithstanding, s ...
... hypersensitivity reactions. Although they do have this property, basophils play an important role against many parasites, as well24. Given their similarities to mast cells, basophils have often been neglected and considered as a "redundant" mast cell-like circulating population25; notwithstanding, s ...
Food allergy: separating the science from the mythology
... Children with eosinophilic esophagitis, multiple food allergies or food-protein-induced gastrointestinal syndrome are a particular diagnostic challenge for the pediatric gastroenterologist.17 A large proportion (40–50%) of children who are allergic to cow’s milk apparently have non-IgE-mediated, del ...
... Children with eosinophilic esophagitis, multiple food allergies or food-protein-induced gastrointestinal syndrome are a particular diagnostic challenge for the pediatric gastroenterologist.17 A large proportion (40–50%) of children who are allergic to cow’s milk apparently have non-IgE-mediated, del ...
Allergic and Pseudoallergic Drug Reactions
... the cell surface that has been altered by the drug then bind, initiating a cytolytic reaction. Cell destruction may be mediated by complement or by phagocytic cells that have antibody Fc receptors on their surfaces. Activation of complement near the cell surface can result in loss of cell membrane i ...
... the cell surface that has been altered by the drug then bind, initiating a cytolytic reaction. Cell destruction may be mediated by complement or by phagocytic cells that have antibody Fc receptors on their surfaces. Activation of complement near the cell surface can result in loss of cell membrane i ...
Syddansk Universitet Immunogenicity and Immune
... large part of the placenta, and have a crucial role in the implantation of the developing embryo by interactions with the decidua, the lining of the maternal uterus containing endometrial stromal cells. The placenta and fetal trophoblast cells are directly exposed to maternal blood and tissues. The ...
... large part of the placenta, and have a crucial role in the implantation of the developing embryo by interactions with the decidua, the lining of the maternal uterus containing endometrial stromal cells. The placenta and fetal trophoblast cells are directly exposed to maternal blood and tissues. The ...
BLOOD COMPONENTS
... Protects body by removing ANY foreign substances Provides site for immune surveillance ~ Immune Ready Returns excess interstitial fluid from cells to blood Transport fats from digestive system to blood ...
... Protects body by removing ANY foreign substances Provides site for immune surveillance ~ Immune Ready Returns excess interstitial fluid from cells to blood Transport fats from digestive system to blood ...
A novel B cell population revealed by a CD38/CD24
... allowed the identification of three different B cell populations: CD19+CD38highCD24high, the previously mentioned transitional B cells that also include immature B cells; CD19+CD38intCD24int defined as mature B cells; and the final step of maturation in the periphery, CD19+CD38−CD24high so-called “p ...
... allowed the identification of three different B cell populations: CD19+CD38highCD24high, the previously mentioned transitional B cells that also include immature B cells; CD19+CD38intCD24int defined as mature B cells; and the final step of maturation in the periphery, CD19+CD38−CD24high so-called “p ...
Katherine L. O'Brien, Scott F. Dowell, Benjamin Schwartz, S. Michael... William R. Phillips and Michael A. Gerber Cough Illness/Bronchitis
... sneezing, and sore throat have resolved.27,29,34 In fact, 20% of subjects continue to cough $14 days after onset of symptoms.29 A clear understanding that prolonged cough is an expected part of uncomplicated viral upper respiratory tract infection and does not itself indicate a bacterial infection o ...
... sneezing, and sore throat have resolved.27,29,34 In fact, 20% of subjects continue to cough $14 days after onset of symptoms.29 A clear understanding that prolonged cough is an expected part of uncomplicated viral upper respiratory tract infection and does not itself indicate a bacterial infection o ...
dendritic cell-based tumor vaccination for high
... BBB, blood-brain barrier BTIC, brain tumor-infiltrating cell c.i., confidence interval CNS, central nervous system CTC, Common Toxicity Criteria CTL, cytotoxic T lymphocyte CTLA-4, cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen-4 DC, dendritic cell DTH, delayed-type hypersensitivity EGFRvIII, epidermal g ...
... BBB, blood-brain barrier BTIC, brain tumor-infiltrating cell c.i., confidence interval CNS, central nervous system CTC, Common Toxicity Criteria CTL, cytotoxic T lymphocyte CTLA-4, cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen-4 DC, dendritic cell DTH, delayed-type hypersensitivity EGFRvIII, epidermal g ...
Active Infection and RIG-I Signaling Influenza A Virus Infection Is
... Mast cells are tissue-sentinel cells of hematopoietic origins found in most vasculature tissue, but they are enriched in tissues that are at environmental interfaces, such as skin, gastrointestinal tract, urinary tract, and lungs (8). This localization is significant because mast cells are poised to ...
... Mast cells are tissue-sentinel cells of hematopoietic origins found in most vasculature tissue, but they are enriched in tissues that are at environmental interfaces, such as skin, gastrointestinal tract, urinary tract, and lungs (8). This localization is significant because mast cells are poised to ...
Immune mechanisms in Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato
... sensu lato (s.l.) group. The clinical outcome after B. burgdorferi s.l. infection differs between individuals from asymptomatic infection without history of LB to individuals who experience persistent symptoms post-treatment for more than six months after treatment. The difference in clinical outcom ...
... sensu lato (s.l.) group. The clinical outcome after B. burgdorferi s.l. infection differs between individuals from asymptomatic infection without history of LB to individuals who experience persistent symptoms post-treatment for more than six months after treatment. The difference in clinical outcom ...
The immune responses of the coral
... mucous layer hosts symbiotic microbes that prevent the settlement of noxious bacteria (Brown and Bythell, 2005). Sclerites may function as a shield that prevents or retards the recruitment of microbes. For instance, we have documented that a layer of sclerites from the sea fan Gorgonia ventalina, pl ...
... mucous layer hosts symbiotic microbes that prevent the settlement of noxious bacteria (Brown and Bythell, 2005). Sclerites may function as a shield that prevents or retards the recruitment of microbes. For instance, we have documented that a layer of sclerites from the sea fan Gorgonia ventalina, pl ...
Sulbactam/Cefoperazone Versus Cefotaxime for the Treatment of
... and tests of hepatic and renal function) were performed at baseline, on days 3 and 4 during therapy, at the end of treatment, and on day 7 after treatment was completed. All clinical findings, including any changes in laboratory test results, were classified as definitely drug related, possibly drug ...
... and tests of hepatic and renal function) were performed at baseline, on days 3 and 4 during therapy, at the end of treatment, and on day 7 after treatment was completed. All clinical findings, including any changes in laboratory test results, were classified as definitely drug related, possibly drug ...
T-bet: a bridge between innate and adaptive immunity
... tional pathways has enabled rapid progress to be made in defining the genetic modules that control T cell polarity. However, it is possible that these regulatory pathways may have been coopted from more ancient cell types, especially as it is now appreciated that innate immune cells also express T‑b ...
... tional pathways has enabled rapid progress to be made in defining the genetic modules that control T cell polarity. However, it is possible that these regulatory pathways may have been coopted from more ancient cell types, especially as it is now appreciated that innate immune cells also express T‑b ...
Mast Cell Activation and Migration to Lymph Nodes during
... (20, 21), augmented by immune complex–mediated complement fixation (22, 23). A range of small peptides has been reported to elicit mast cell degranulation including substance P (24), calcitonin gene–related peptide (25), and endothelins (26). The b-chemokines, monocyte chemoattractant peptide (MCP)1 ...
... (20, 21), augmented by immune complex–mediated complement fixation (22, 23). A range of small peptides has been reported to elicit mast cell degranulation including substance P (24), calcitonin gene–related peptide (25), and endothelins (26). The b-chemokines, monocyte chemoattractant peptide (MCP)1 ...
The role of peanut-specific T cell
... response to a food allergen (such as the antigen presenting cells) as well as processes that take place later in the immune response and involve B cells and other effectors, but it is the multiple T cell subsets which orchestrate the overall immune response to antigens, including food allergens, as ...
... response to a food allergen (such as the antigen presenting cells) as well as processes that take place later in the immune response and involve B cells and other effectors, but it is the multiple T cell subsets which orchestrate the overall immune response to antigens, including food allergens, as ...
Atopic Dermatitis
... cytokines, notably IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13, can be detected in lesional and non-lesional skin during the acute phase of disease. IL-4 and IL-13 are implicated in the initial phase of tissue inflammation and in upregulating the expression of adhesion molecules on endothelial cells. IL-5 seems to increa ...
... cytokines, notably IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13, can be detected in lesional and non-lesional skin during the acute phase of disease. IL-4 and IL-13 are implicated in the initial phase of tissue inflammation and in upregulating the expression of adhesion molecules on endothelial cells. IL-5 seems to increa ...
An intestinal commensal symbiosis factor controls
... symbionts must limit aggressive immune attacks or induce immune tolerance by utilizing some microbial products as symbiosis factors. In this context, polysaccharide A (PSA) produced by the human intestinal symbiont Bacteroides fragilis has been identified as a model molecule that elicits beneficial ...
... symbionts must limit aggressive immune attacks or induce immune tolerance by utilizing some microbial products as symbiosis factors. In this context, polysaccharide A (PSA) produced by the human intestinal symbiont Bacteroides fragilis has been identified as a model molecule that elicits beneficial ...
Elevated serum BAFF levels in patients with sarcoidosis: association
... Osaka 573-1010, Japan. E-mail: [email protected] ...
... Osaka 573-1010, Japan. E-mail: [email protected] ...
Shingles How to prevent it, how to treat it
... Three antiviral drugs aciclovir, valaciclovir and famciclovir have proven efficacy in the treatment of acute herpes zoster, by accelerating the resolution of lesions, reducing the formation of new lesions, reducing viral shedding and decreasing the severity of acute pain. These drugs also reduce the ...
... Three antiviral drugs aciclovir, valaciclovir and famciclovir have proven efficacy in the treatment of acute herpes zoster, by accelerating the resolution of lesions, reducing the formation of new lesions, reducing viral shedding and decreasing the severity of acute pain. These drugs also reduce the ...
Intestinal epithelium in inflammatory bowel disease
... specialized intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) including absorptive cells, goblet cells, enteroendocrine cells, Paneth cells, M cells, cup cells, and Tuft cells, all of which differentiate from epithelial stem cells (16–18). These subsets of IECs are functionally different and essential to maintain ...
... specialized intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) including absorptive cells, goblet cells, enteroendocrine cells, Paneth cells, M cells, cup cells, and Tuft cells, all of which differentiate from epithelial stem cells (16–18). These subsets of IECs are functionally different and essential to maintain ...