Perspectives on biotechnological halogenation
... whereas bromine is liquid and iodine solid at room temperature. The reactivity decreases with increasing atomic number and decreasing electronegativity from fluorine to iodide. The heaviest halogen, astatine, is a radioactive element formed from radioactive decay and not used for chemical halogenati ...
... whereas bromine is liquid and iodine solid at room temperature. The reactivity decreases with increasing atomic number and decreasing electronegativity from fluorine to iodide. The heaviest halogen, astatine, is a radioactive element formed from radioactive decay and not used for chemical halogenati ...
Carboxylic acids - Comed.uobaghdad.edu.iq
... Both the coenzyme A protion of acetyl coenzyme A and acyl carrier protein are large and complicated. Therefore it is easier to focus on the transfer of the acyl group, which in this case is an actyl group. This view is emphazised by the name given to the enzyme that cataelyzes this reaction: ACPacyl ...
... Both the coenzyme A protion of acetyl coenzyme A and acyl carrier protein are large and complicated. Therefore it is easier to focus on the transfer of the acyl group, which in this case is an actyl group. This view is emphazised by the name given to the enzyme that cataelyzes this reaction: ACPacyl ...
The ADP-dependent sugar kinase family
... in the genomes of higher eukaryotes, suggesting that the presence of these proteins is not related to the hyperthermophilic life. The ADP-dependent kinases are very restrictive to their ligands being unable to use triphosphorylated nucleotides such as ATP. However, it has been shown that they can bi ...
... in the genomes of higher eukaryotes, suggesting that the presence of these proteins is not related to the hyperthermophilic life. The ADP-dependent kinases are very restrictive to their ligands being unable to use triphosphorylated nucleotides such as ATP. However, it has been shown that they can bi ...
1/(V/Km)
... Frequently products are capable of binding to free enzyme, and do so rapidly and reversibly. -- for a single-substrate enzyme, this can lead to competitive inhibition since substrate and product binding are mutually exclusive. -- product inhibition is more complicated in multi-substrate enzymes. Use ...
... Frequently products are capable of binding to free enzyme, and do so rapidly and reversibly. -- for a single-substrate enzyme, this can lead to competitive inhibition since substrate and product binding are mutually exclusive. -- product inhibition is more complicated in multi-substrate enzymes. Use ...
Pyroglutamic acid: throwing light on a lightly
... keynote presentation at an international symposium on glutamate also addressed the need for greater research on pyroglutamatic acid, but again these remarks appear to have been largely unheeded. The paucity of biochemical research on pyroglutamic acid is reflected in the fact that γ-glutamyl cyclotr ...
... keynote presentation at an international symposium on glutamate also addressed the need for greater research on pyroglutamatic acid, but again these remarks appear to have been largely unheeded. The paucity of biochemical research on pyroglutamic acid is reflected in the fact that γ-glutamyl cyclotr ...
Enzyme - CIE Alevel notes!
... another molecule or molecules can bind. The shape of the active sit allows the substrate to fit perfectly. The idea that the enzyme has a particular shape into which the substrate fit exactly is known as the lock and key hypothesis. The substrate is the key whose key whose shape fits the lock of the ...
... another molecule or molecules can bind. The shape of the active sit allows the substrate to fit perfectly. The idea that the enzyme has a particular shape into which the substrate fit exactly is known as the lock and key hypothesis. The substrate is the key whose key whose shape fits the lock of the ...
Catalase enzyme lab
... In an enzyme-catalyzed reaction, the substance to be acted upon, or substrate, binds to the active site of the enzyme. The enzyme and substrate are held together in an enzyme-substrate complex by hydrophobic bonds, hydrogen bonds, and ionic bonds. The enzyme then converts the substrate to the reacti ...
... In an enzyme-catalyzed reaction, the substance to be acted upon, or substrate, binds to the active site of the enzyme. The enzyme and substrate are held together in an enzyme-substrate complex by hydrophobic bonds, hydrogen bonds, and ionic bonds. The enzyme then converts the substrate to the reacti ...
Lectures 13-14 Enzymes: Catalytic Strategies
... environment), so stronger electrostatic interactions (strength inversely related to dielectric constant). • Reactive groups of reactants are protected from H2O, so H2O doesn't compete with reactants. – H2O won't react to give unwanted byproducts, e.g., by hydrolysis of some reactive intermediate in ...
... environment), so stronger electrostatic interactions (strength inversely related to dielectric constant). • Reactive groups of reactants are protected from H2O, so H2O doesn't compete with reactants. – H2O won't react to give unwanted byproducts, e.g., by hydrolysis of some reactive intermediate in ...
Journal of Applied Microbiology
... Aim: This study was undertaken to isolate Bacillus subtilis strains with biological activity against soil-borne phytopathogenic fungi from the avocado rhizoplane. Methods and Results: A collection of 905 bacterial isolates obtained from the rhizoplane of healthy avocado trees, contains 277 gram-posi ...
... Aim: This study was undertaken to isolate Bacillus subtilis strains with biological activity against soil-borne phytopathogenic fungi from the avocado rhizoplane. Methods and Results: A collection of 905 bacterial isolates obtained from the rhizoplane of healthy avocado trees, contains 277 gram-posi ...
Making yoghurt
... Temperature at the beginning of the fermentation: The enzymes that are controlling the metabolism of the bacteria will work at there best at a particular temperature. Streptococcus thermopile tells you that bacterium is a thermopile. The optimum temperature for yogurt production is 46 C. Concentrati ...
... Temperature at the beginning of the fermentation: The enzymes that are controlling the metabolism of the bacteria will work at there best at a particular temperature. Streptococcus thermopile tells you that bacterium is a thermopile. The optimum temperature for yogurt production is 46 C. Concentrati ...
Catalytic Strategies I
... b. Substrate binding to enzyme initially, is usually NOT favorable-because it was stripped of water & it now is being repelled from the similar negative charges within the binding pocket c. ALL THREE DESTABLIZATION FACTORS ARE VITALLY IMPORTANT IN THIS PROCESS X. How tightly do transition-state anal ...
... b. Substrate binding to enzyme initially, is usually NOT favorable-because it was stripped of water & it now is being repelled from the similar negative charges within the binding pocket c. ALL THREE DESTABLIZATION FACTORS ARE VITALLY IMPORTANT IN THIS PROCESS X. How tightly do transition-state anal ...
Glycosides
... Although all the disaccharides shown here are made up of two glucopyranose rings, their properties differ in interesting ways. Maltose, sometimes called malt sugar, comes from the hydrolysis of starch. It is about one third as sweet as cane sugar (sucrose), is easily digested by humans, and is ferm ...
... Although all the disaccharides shown here are made up of two glucopyranose rings, their properties differ in interesting ways. Maltose, sometimes called malt sugar, comes from the hydrolysis of starch. It is about one third as sweet as cane sugar (sucrose), is easily digested by humans, and is ferm ...
Enzymes
... •If the coenzyme is tightly bond to the enzyme molecule, it is called a prosthetic group. ...
... •If the coenzyme is tightly bond to the enzyme molecule, it is called a prosthetic group. ...
www.nbc-journal.fpv.ucm.sk - Nova Biotechnologica et Chimica
... The active site of these enzymes is localised at the C-terminal end of the TIMbarrel (MATSUURA et al., 1984, QIAN et al., 1993; KADZIOLA et al., 1994; LINDEN et al., 2003). Comparison of known tertiary structures of various α-amylase family members with sequence alignments have shown that difference ...
... The active site of these enzymes is localised at the C-terminal end of the TIMbarrel (MATSUURA et al., 1984, QIAN et al., 1993; KADZIOLA et al., 1994; LINDEN et al., 2003). Comparison of known tertiary structures of various α-amylase family members with sequence alignments have shown that difference ...
IDENTIFICATION OF BACTERIA
... TSI agar is used to determine whether a gram negative rod utilizes glucose and lactose or sucrose fermentatively and forms hydrogen sulphide (H2S). TSI contains 10 parts lactose: 10 parts sucrose: 1 part glucose and peptone. Phenol red and ferrous sulphate serves as indicators of acidification an ...
... TSI agar is used to determine whether a gram negative rod utilizes glucose and lactose or sucrose fermentatively and forms hydrogen sulphide (H2S). TSI contains 10 parts lactose: 10 parts sucrose: 1 part glucose and peptone. Phenol red and ferrous sulphate serves as indicators of acidification an ...
Enzymes: Catalytic Strategies
... • Reactants are not only near each other on enzyme, they're oriented in optimal position to react. • The improbability of colliding in correct orientation is taken care of. ...
... • Reactants are not only near each other on enzyme, they're oriented in optimal position to react. • The improbability of colliding in correct orientation is taken care of. ...
Identification of Enzymatic Properties in Crocus sativus Roots
... KCN and kojic acid, for all five enzymes studied. The highest Km was found for PPO with catechol as a substrate (90 mM) and the next highest Km was found for catalase (30 mM) while the lowest Km was found for LIP with ferulic acid as the reducing substrate (0.03 mM). The catalytic constant calculate ...
... KCN and kojic acid, for all five enzymes studied. The highest Km was found for PPO with catechol as a substrate (90 mM) and the next highest Km was found for catalase (30 mM) while the lowest Km was found for LIP with ferulic acid as the reducing substrate (0.03 mM). The catalytic constant calculate ...
Spice of Life Laboratory Investigation 1
... produce the enzyme galactosidase, which will react with its specific color-producing substrate in the medium and a water insoluble pink pigment will color the colony. If E. coli colonies are present, they will also produce the enzyme glucuronidase, which will react with its specific color-producing ...
... produce the enzyme galactosidase, which will react with its specific color-producing substrate in the medium and a water insoluble pink pigment will color the colony. If E. coli colonies are present, they will also produce the enzyme glucuronidase, which will react with its specific color-producing ...
Repressors
... Draw a diagram to show how your repressor works. (This may be several sequential diagrams.) Repressors Insulin is used by the body to lower levels of glucose in the blood. If too much glucose is present, the hormone will need to be produced in larger quantities. From the information given above de ...
... Draw a diagram to show how your repressor works. (This may be several sequential diagrams.) Repressors Insulin is used by the body to lower levels of glucose in the blood. If too much glucose is present, the hormone will need to be produced in larger quantities. From the information given above de ...
Pre-‐lab AP Lab: Enzyme Catalysis Name
... an inhibitor. These molecules can regulate how fast the enzyme acts. Any substance that tends to unfold the enzyme, such as an organic solvent or detergent, will act as an inhibitor. Some inhibitors act by reducing the –S-S bridges that stabilize the enzyme’s structure. Many inhibitors act by reacti ...
... an inhibitor. These molecules can regulate how fast the enzyme acts. Any substance that tends to unfold the enzyme, such as an organic solvent or detergent, will act as an inhibitor. Some inhibitors act by reducing the –S-S bridges that stabilize the enzyme’s structure. Many inhibitors act by reacti ...
Why conversion (Break Down) is necessary…..
... Content of Fungbact Soil Vitalizer Kit…. 1. FB Soil Vitalizer CBB-1: Micro-organisms present in Fungbact Soil Vitalizer CBB-1 after being activated and during multiplication release various enzymes like cellulase, which convert cellulose into glucose. It helps microbes by providing them require food ...
... Content of Fungbact Soil Vitalizer Kit…. 1. FB Soil Vitalizer CBB-1: Micro-organisms present in Fungbact Soil Vitalizer CBB-1 after being activated and during multiplication release various enzymes like cellulase, which convert cellulose into glucose. It helps microbes by providing them require food ...
Structural Studies of Nitric Oxide Synthase Inhibitor Complexes: An
... impotence, or atherosclerosis, whereas excess NO production by iNOS can cause inflammation, rheumatoid arthritis, inflammatory bowel disease, immune-type diabetes, stroke, and cancer. The three NOS isozymes are structurally similar and share identical active sites. Thus, targeting iNOS without pertu ...
... impotence, or atherosclerosis, whereas excess NO production by iNOS can cause inflammation, rheumatoid arthritis, inflammatory bowel disease, immune-type diabetes, stroke, and cancer. The three NOS isozymes are structurally similar and share identical active sites. Thus, targeting iNOS without pertu ...
Chemistry in Everyday Life Chemistry in Everyday Life
... are said to be broad spectrum antibiotics. Those effective mainly against Gram-positive or Gram-negative bacteria are narrow spectrum antibiotics. If effective against a single organism or disease, they are referred to as limited spectrum antibiotics. Penicillin G has a narrow spectrum. Ampicillin a ...
... are said to be broad spectrum antibiotics. Those effective mainly against Gram-positive or Gram-negative bacteria are narrow spectrum antibiotics. If effective against a single organism or disease, they are referred to as limited spectrum antibiotics. Penicillin G has a narrow spectrum. Ampicillin a ...
primitive - rosedale11universitybiology
... Two Views of Life’s Organization – Domains and Kingdoms ...
... Two Views of Life’s Organization – Domains and Kingdoms ...
Beta-lactamase
Beta-lactamases are enzymes (EC 3.5.2.6) produced by some bacteria that provide resistance to β-lactam antibiotics like penicillins, cephamycins, and carbapenems (ertapenem), although carbapenems are relatively resistant to beta-lactamase. Beta-lactamase provides antibiotic resistance by breaking the antibiotics' structure. These antibiotics all have a common element in their molecular structure: a four-atom ring known as a β-lactam. Through hydrolysis, the lactamase enzyme breaks the β-lactam ring open, deactivating the molecule's antibacterial properties.Beta-lactam antibiotics are typically used to treat a broad spectrum of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.Beta-lactamases produced by Gram-negative organisms are usually secreted, especially when antibiotics are present in the environment.