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Spin-charge separation in ultra
Spin-charge separation in ultra

... and interesting systems. In spite of their apparent conceptual simplicity, both the ground state and the excitations exhibit strong correlation effects and posses a number of exotic properties, ranging from spin-charge separation to fractional statistics (see [6, 7, 8] and ref. therein). Progress in ...
Optically detecting the quantization of collective atomic motion
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... We find quantitative agreement to this theory as we vary both the cooperativity and the probe duration. In this work, we have demonstrated the quantization of the collective motion of thousands of atoms, observing Stokes asymmetry and zero-point motion. The Stokes asymmetry provides a self-calibrati ...
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... The previous example involved essentially just one particle, the car. The wall was fixed there as a device for exerting a constant force during the collision. A more complex example can be studied when two particles collide. We first make the approximation that the two particles are subjected to no ...
Low pressure (rare gas + water vapor)
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Revisiting the concept of chemical potential in classical and
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Homework 2 - UCSB Physics

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... where h = 6.625 ⋅ 10 −34 Js is the Planck’s constant and f frequency of an atom oscillator. Amount of energy emitted by an atom is equal to a decrease in potential energy of its constituents (electrons and nucleus). The expression (4.49) explains the observed line spectra of atoms which are due to t ...
Inelastic Light Scattering by Elementary Excitations of the
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CHE 105 Spring 2017 Exam 3
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Optics and interferometry with Na 2 molecules
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... signal despite the plethora of close lying rovibrational This is not entirely surprising. states in the molecules. The fact that two nearby molecules are very unlikely to have the same quantum numbers for both rovibrational state and total angular momentum projection is not important since the first ...
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... 2.1. The ratio of the mass of oxygen to carbon atom is 1.3329. What is the mass of the oxygen atom? 2.2. The ratio of the mass of bromine atom to carbon is 6.650. What is the mass of the bromine atom? 2.3. Calculate the number of moles in each of the following: a) 3.01x1022 N2 molecules; b) 4.82x102 ...
Cite this as: G. Vasan, A. Erbe: Physical Chemistry Chemical
Cite this as: G. Vasan, A. Erbe: Physical Chemistry Chemical

... real metals can easily be incorporated, arbitrarily shaped geometries can be calculated, and the effect of interfaces can be studied. The drawbacks are relatively long computation times and rather low overall system size which can be studied. Despite these limitations in system size, important morp ...
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Atomic theory



In chemistry and physics, atomic theory is a scientific theory of the nature of matter, which states that matter is composed of discrete units called atoms. It began as a philosophical concept in ancient Greece and entered the scientific mainstream in the early 19th century when discoveries in the field of chemistry showed that matter did indeed behave as if it were made up of atoms.The word atom comes from the Ancient Greek adjective atomos, meaning ""uncuttable"". 19th century chemists began using the term in connection with the growing number of irreducible chemical elements. While seemingly apropos, around the turn of the 20th century, through various experiments with electromagnetism and radioactivity, physicists discovered that the so-called ""uncuttable atom"" was actually a conglomerate of various subatomic particles (chiefly, electrons, protons and neutrons) which can exist separately from each other. In fact, in certain extreme environments, such as neutron stars, extreme temperature and pressure prevents atoms from existing at all. Since atoms were found to be divisible, physicists later invented the term ""elementary particles"" to describe the ""uncuttable"", though not indestructible, parts of an atom. The field of science which studies subatomic particles is particle physics, and it is in this field that physicists hope to discover the true fundamental nature of matter.
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