I Laser A laser is a device that emits light (electromagnetic radiation
... Most practical lasers contain additional elements that affect properties of the emitted light such as the polarization, the wavelength, and the shape of the beam. III Stimulated emission In the classical view, the energy of an electron orbiting an atomic nucleus is larger for orbits further from the ...
... Most practical lasers contain additional elements that affect properties of the emitted light such as the polarization, the wavelength, and the shape of the beam. III Stimulated emission In the classical view, the energy of an electron orbiting an atomic nucleus is larger for orbits further from the ...
Matter
... In a system of two or more phases, each phase is a visibly different part which has different properties The variation in properties may be : - different physical properties in each phase - different chemical properties - different physical and chemical properties ...
... In a system of two or more phases, each phase is a visibly different part which has different properties The variation in properties may be : - different physical properties in each phase - different chemical properties - different physical and chemical properties ...
chemical reaction
... • The exposed surface area of reactant particles also affects how fast the reaction ...
... • The exposed surface area of reactant particles also affects how fast the reaction ...
Lectures 17 and 18
... contact between the objects. E.g., the collision of a proton, and a Alpha particle (the nucleus of a helium atom). As both are positively charged, they repel each other due to the strong electrostatic force between them at close separation and never come into physical contact. There are still forces ...
... contact between the objects. E.g., the collision of a proton, and a Alpha particle (the nucleus of a helium atom). As both are positively charged, they repel each other due to the strong electrostatic force between them at close separation and never come into physical contact. There are still forces ...
Photon Wave Mechanics: A De Broglie-Bohm Approach
... All the known experiments show that the probabilistic interpretation of the wave function is indeed the correct one (see any textbook on quantum mechanics, for example [3]), and here we do not question that. However, experimental results do not force us, as well, to consider the wave function S as " ...
... All the known experiments show that the probabilistic interpretation of the wave function is indeed the correct one (see any textbook on quantum mechanics, for example [3]), and here we do not question that. However, experimental results do not force us, as well, to consider the wave function S as " ...
Physics 30 review - Structured Independent Learning
... of mass 0.500 kg. As a result of the collision, ball A is deflected at an angle of 30.0˚ with a speed of 1.10 m/s. Find the resultant velocity of ball B. (0.808 m/s at 33˚ from original direction of motion) 15. A mass of 50 kg travelling north at 45 m/s collides with a mass of 60 kg travelling 50 m/ ...
... of mass 0.500 kg. As a result of the collision, ball A is deflected at an angle of 30.0˚ with a speed of 1.10 m/s. Find the resultant velocity of ball B. (0.808 m/s at 33˚ from original direction of motion) 15. A mass of 50 kg travelling north at 45 m/s collides with a mass of 60 kg travelling 50 m/ ...
Calculations Booklet
... Enthalpy of Solution Enthalpy of solution of a substance is the energy change when one mole of that substance dissolves in excess water. Enthalpy of solution may be exothermic or endothermic. Worked Example (Note: the method is not always identical) 4g of ammonium nitrate, NH4NO3, is dissolved comp ...
... Enthalpy of Solution Enthalpy of solution of a substance is the energy change when one mole of that substance dissolves in excess water. Enthalpy of solution may be exothermic or endothermic. Worked Example (Note: the method is not always identical) 4g of ammonium nitrate, NH4NO3, is dissolved comp ...
Chapter 22: Molecular Modeling Problems
... delocalized and an OH group (a moderately strong donor) in the para position should stabilize the carbocation enter. On the other hand, protonation at oxygen does not disrupt the aromaticity of phenol. Calculate energies of both oxygen and carbon protonated forms of phenol (assume that carbon prot ...
... delocalized and an OH group (a moderately strong donor) in the para position should stabilize the carbocation enter. On the other hand, protonation at oxygen does not disrupt the aromaticity of phenol. Calculate energies of both oxygen and carbon protonated forms of phenol (assume that carbon prot ...
Chapter 7 Practice Questions
... 55. Which of the following statements is true? A) The krypton 1s orbital is smaller than the helium 1s orbital because krypton's nuclear charge draws the electrons closer. B) The krypton 1s orbital is larger than the helium 1s orbital because krypton contains more electrons. C) The krypton 1s orbita ...
... 55. Which of the following statements is true? A) The krypton 1s orbital is smaller than the helium 1s orbital because krypton's nuclear charge draws the electrons closer. B) The krypton 1s orbital is larger than the helium 1s orbital because krypton contains more electrons. C) The krypton 1s orbita ...
Quantum Interference 3 Claude Cohen-Tannoudji Scott Lectures Cambridge, March 9
... of the particle, the 2 states E+ and E- must be clearly distinct without any overlap. Their scalar product must be equal to 0 so that the fringes vanish This result can be extended to any quantum device which could be introduced for determining the path of the atom. If the device is efficient, i.e. ...
... of the particle, the 2 states E+ and E- must be clearly distinct without any overlap. Their scalar product must be equal to 0 so that the fringes vanish This result can be extended to any quantum device which could be introduced for determining the path of the atom. If the device is efficient, i.e. ...
Chemical energy thread: Homework problems
... Some possibly useful information: Muscle fibers (cells) are composed of many myofibrils, tubular components measuring 1-2 micrometers in diameter. Each myofibril is divided along its length into sarcomeres (the basic unit of a muscle, with a single myosin filament), each of which ...
... Some possibly useful information: Muscle fibers (cells) are composed of many myofibrils, tubular components measuring 1-2 micrometers in diameter. Each myofibril is divided along its length into sarcomeres (the basic unit of a muscle, with a single myosin filament), each of which ...
Computer simulated thermal energy atomic
... Quantum mechanics basically is able to account for the physical processes of TEAS. In certain conditions ± e.g. the probe particles are heavy atoms ± semiclassical model approach is appropriate [8,9]. This is the reason we work within the frame of quantum mechanics. The time dependent Schr odinger ...
... Quantum mechanics basically is able to account for the physical processes of TEAS. In certain conditions ± e.g. the probe particles are heavy atoms ± semiclassical model approach is appropriate [8,9]. This is the reason we work within the frame of quantum mechanics. The time dependent Schr odinger ...
Derivation of equations of motion
... Classical mechanics and electromagnetism could not explain why an electron is able to remain in orbit around a nucleus. The problem was: Circular orbit means the electron is accelerating. Accelerating charges emit EM radiation, so lose energy. Losing energy would mean the orbit would c decay and the ...
... Classical mechanics and electromagnetism could not explain why an electron is able to remain in orbit around a nucleus. The problem was: Circular orbit means the electron is accelerating. Accelerating charges emit EM radiation, so lose energy. Losing energy would mean the orbit would c decay and the ...
Can Transactional Description of Quantum-Mechanical Reality be Considered Complete?
... mechanics. Maudlin’s point (I take it) is that the application of the TI’s mode of physical explanation to his example yields inconsistent probabilities. Kastner shows how to ascribe consistent probabilities at the cost of giving up the physical explanation—but this is to give up on precisely what m ...
... mechanics. Maudlin’s point (I take it) is that the application of the TI’s mode of physical explanation to his example yields inconsistent probabilities. Kastner shows how to ascribe consistent probabilities at the cost of giving up the physical explanation—but this is to give up on precisely what m ...
Pb2+ +2I- → PbI2 (s)
... I2 is a solid whereas F2 is a gas. Both London Dispersion forces. I2 has greater molar mass/# of electrons, more of a chance of an instantaneous dipole ...
... I2 is a solid whereas F2 is a gas. Both London Dispersion forces. I2 has greater molar mass/# of electrons, more of a chance of an instantaneous dipole ...
Lecture 7_Quantum Chemistry
... All matter (particles) has wave-like properties ◦ so-called particle-wave duality Particle-waves are described in a probabilistic manner ◦ electron doesn’t whiz around the nucleus, it has a probability distribution describing where it might be found ◦ allows for seemingly impossible “quantum tunneli ...
... All matter (particles) has wave-like properties ◦ so-called particle-wave duality Particle-waves are described in a probabilistic manner ◦ electron doesn’t whiz around the nucleus, it has a probability distribution describing where it might be found ◦ allows for seemingly impossible “quantum tunneli ...
File - Mr Weng`s IB Chemistry
... • Reduction by coke (carbon), a more reactive metal, or electrolysis are means of obtaining some metals from their ores. • The relationship between charge and the number of moles of electrons is given by Faraday’s constant, F. • Alloys are homogeneous mixtures of metals with other metals or non-meta ...
... • Reduction by coke (carbon), a more reactive metal, or electrolysis are means of obtaining some metals from their ores. • The relationship between charge and the number of moles of electrons is given by Faraday’s constant, F. • Alloys are homogeneous mixtures of metals with other metals or non-meta ...
Atomic theory
In chemistry and physics, atomic theory is a scientific theory of the nature of matter, which states that matter is composed of discrete units called atoms. It began as a philosophical concept in ancient Greece and entered the scientific mainstream in the early 19th century when discoveries in the field of chemistry showed that matter did indeed behave as if it were made up of atoms.The word atom comes from the Ancient Greek adjective atomos, meaning ""uncuttable"". 19th century chemists began using the term in connection with the growing number of irreducible chemical elements. While seemingly apropos, around the turn of the 20th century, through various experiments with electromagnetism and radioactivity, physicists discovered that the so-called ""uncuttable atom"" was actually a conglomerate of various subatomic particles (chiefly, electrons, protons and neutrons) which can exist separately from each other. In fact, in certain extreme environments, such as neutron stars, extreme temperature and pressure prevents atoms from existing at all. Since atoms were found to be divisible, physicists later invented the term ""elementary particles"" to describe the ""uncuttable"", though not indestructible, parts of an atom. The field of science which studies subatomic particles is particle physics, and it is in this field that physicists hope to discover the true fundamental nature of matter.