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Electronic Structure, Dielectric Response, and Surface Charge Distribution of RGD (1FUV) Peptide
Electronic Structure, Dielectric Response, and Surface Charge Distribution of RGD (1FUV) Peptide

... solvent at physiological conditions. The other amino acids usually assumed to be charged at physiological conditions are GLU with partial charge of 21.0 e, and LYS and HIS, the former with a partial charge of 11.0 e and the latter with 10.1 e. However, these amino acids are not part of the RGD pepti ...
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as a PDF

... the HB solvation, to separate it from the other solvation shells. Hydrogen bonds are also obtained using a geometric criterium (radial R00 ≤ 4 Å and angular OÔH ≤ 30◦ ) [24]. With this in the 60 MC configurations we find 123 hydrogen bonds. This gives an average of 2.1 bonds. This is close but lowe ...
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... state is twofold degenerate. At B ­ 0, En, has degenerate sets of states, which are separated by h̄v0 from each other and are completely filled for N ­ 2, 6, 12, 20, etc. These N values can be regarded as magic numbers since they signify the complete filling of a shell. The unusually large addition ...
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Subatomic Physics: the Notes - McMaster Physics and Astronomy

... Over time it became clear that there are actually three different types of radioactive rays, called α, β and γ rays. Each responds differently to a magnetic field, with α rays behaving like positively charged particles, β rays behaving like negatively charged particles and γ rays behaving like elect ...
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Atomic theory



In chemistry and physics, atomic theory is a scientific theory of the nature of matter, which states that matter is composed of discrete units called atoms. It began as a philosophical concept in ancient Greece and entered the scientific mainstream in the early 19th century when discoveries in the field of chemistry showed that matter did indeed behave as if it were made up of atoms.The word atom comes from the Ancient Greek adjective atomos, meaning ""uncuttable"". 19th century chemists began using the term in connection with the growing number of irreducible chemical elements. While seemingly apropos, around the turn of the 20th century, through various experiments with electromagnetism and radioactivity, physicists discovered that the so-called ""uncuttable atom"" was actually a conglomerate of various subatomic particles (chiefly, electrons, protons and neutrons) which can exist separately from each other. In fact, in certain extreme environments, such as neutron stars, extreme temperature and pressure prevents atoms from existing at all. Since atoms were found to be divisible, physicists later invented the term ""elementary particles"" to describe the ""uncuttable"", though not indestructible, parts of an atom. The field of science which studies subatomic particles is particle physics, and it is in this field that physicists hope to discover the true fundamental nature of matter.
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