Chapter 1 - Bolchazy
... from this period stand out: Marius (157–86 bce) and Sulla (138–79 bce). Marius reformed the Roman army to include the lower classes; he held an unprecedented seven consulships; and his politics tended to support more popular leaders against the interests of the conservative aristocracy. Caesar had f ...
... from this period stand out: Marius (157–86 bce) and Sulla (138–79 bce). Marius reformed the Roman army to include the lower classes; he held an unprecedented seven consulships; and his politics tended to support more popular leaders against the interests of the conservative aristocracy. Caesar had f ...
Memnon of Herakleia on Rome and the Romans
... of anything after the sixteenth book” (FGrH 434 T 1).10 Photios saw a fragmentary work as worth epitomising and this makes our acquaintance with the original even more remote: not all of it is reflected in the Bibliotheca and what is presented has gone through the filter of Photios’ interests and ot ...
... of anything after the sixteenth book” (FGrH 434 T 1).10 Photios saw a fragmentary work as worth epitomising and this makes our acquaintance with the original even more remote: not all of it is reflected in the Bibliotheca and what is presented has gone through the filter of Photios’ interests and ot ...
Parallel Lives: Hannibal and Scipio in Livy`s Third Decade
... knowledge, his rival Perseus as a foreigner who, unlike his Roman opponent, fails to learn from the past.7 This web of associations and antitheses between leading characters becomes even more complex and pronounced in the third Decade. As was suggested by Walsh, the three main Roman protagonists of ...
... knowledge, his rival Perseus as a foreigner who, unlike his Roman opponent, fails to learn from the past.7 This web of associations and antitheses between leading characters becomes even more complex and pronounced in the third Decade. As was suggested by Walsh, the three main Roman protagonists of ...
military defeats, casualties of war - The University of North Carolina
... from Cisalpine Gaul, whom as consul he had bound by military oath, to join their units and depart to [Caesar]. He thought that it was of great importance both at that time and in the future to create an impression in Gaul that the resources of Italy were so great that, if any loss were sustained in ...
... from Cisalpine Gaul, whom as consul he had bound by military oath, to join their units and depart to [Caesar]. He thought that it was of great importance both at that time and in the future to create an impression in Gaul that the resources of Italy were so great that, if any loss were sustained in ...
Financing War in the Roman Republic 201 BCE
... army, Roman citizens served at their own expense and according to what they could afford. In exchange they received a small amount of money from the state. However this did not amount to a salary, as military service was not supposed to be a trade but rather a civic obligation interrupting civilian ...
... army, Roman citizens served at their own expense and according to what they could afford. In exchange they received a small amount of money from the state. However this did not amount to a salary, as military service was not supposed to be a trade but rather a civic obligation interrupting civilian ...
Julius Caesar`s Invasions of Britain
... the channel which battered and tossed Caesar’s fleet. “The Roman had taken no precautions, however, against the high neap tides in stormy weather and, when the warships drawn up on the land were badly damaged and the transports standing out at sea were battered by colliding with one another, the Bri ...
... the channel which battered and tossed Caesar’s fleet. “The Roman had taken no precautions, however, against the high neap tides in stormy weather and, when the warships drawn up on the land were badly damaged and the transports standing out at sea were battered by colliding with one another, the Bri ...
Herring The Genius of Hannibal
... Hannibal’s charisma and sense of equality enabled him to motivate his army, which was a “hotch-potch of the riff raff of all nationalities” (Bradley, 1990, pg 173). His ability to unite individuals of different ethnic backgrounds and cultures into a fully fledged army demonstrates his outstanding le ...
... Hannibal’s charisma and sense of equality enabled him to motivate his army, which was a “hotch-potch of the riff raff of all nationalities” (Bradley, 1990, pg 173). His ability to unite individuals of different ethnic backgrounds and cultures into a fully fledged army demonstrates his outstanding le ...
P. VENTIDIUS-FROM NOVUS HOMO TO `MILITARY HERO`
... person-say, a Lucullus-the matter might have ended there. From his proconsular eminence, he might have approved the goods and dismissed Ventidius with polite thanks, and perhaps a promise of future patronage. But Caesar, confident in his lineage and free from petty snobbery, was used to getting alon ...
... person-say, a Lucullus-the matter might have ended there. From his proconsular eminence, he might have approved the goods and dismissed Ventidius with polite thanks, and perhaps a promise of future patronage. But Caesar, confident in his lineage and free from petty snobbery, was used to getting alon ...
Hannibal Crossing the Alps
... naturally. Hannibal never did anything in excess; he only ate and drank what was required to survive. He slept on the bare ground with the soldiers and took guard duty accordingly. Hannibal became a very skilled fighter. He was very well educated and learned the enemy language, Latin. Hannibal, lik ...
... naturally. Hannibal never did anything in excess; he only ate and drank what was required to survive. He slept on the bare ground with the soldiers and took guard duty accordingly. Hannibal became a very skilled fighter. He was very well educated and learned the enemy language, Latin. Hannibal, lik ...
Comparing Strategies of the 2d Punic War
... war that endure to this day. Hannibal and Carthage failed when their inherent strategic weakness was confronted by the more robust and resilient Rome. Roman strategy effectively combined all elements of national power into a coherent, war winning strategy. A national strategy should be directed at t ...
... war that endure to this day. Hannibal and Carthage failed when their inherent strategic weakness was confronted by the more robust and resilient Rome. Roman strategy effectively combined all elements of national power into a coherent, war winning strategy. A national strategy should be directed at t ...
Visigoths and Romans: Integration and Ethnicity
... Visigoths and other barbarians as “the other” who were at the disposal of the Romans. However, while Roman thinking was focused on maintaining the status quo, the Visigoths were Romanizing and finding ways to gain influence within the empire. In looking at the ethnogenesis of the barbarians, it is i ...
... Visigoths and other barbarians as “the other” who were at the disposal of the Romans. However, while Roman thinking was focused on maintaining the status quo, the Visigoths were Romanizing and finding ways to gain influence within the empire. In looking at the ethnogenesis of the barbarians, it is i ...
The Walls of the Romans: Boundaries and Limits in the Republic
... be criminals. As such, it was up to the Romans themselves to keep the city going and free from violence. With the following of and adherence to the “way of the ancestors,” the mos maiorum, the Roman Republican system achieved a certain socially restrictive element in Roman behavior. The way in whic ...
... be criminals. As such, it was up to the Romans themselves to keep the city going and free from violence. With the following of and adherence to the “way of the ancestors,” the mos maiorum, the Roman Republican system achieved a certain socially restrictive element in Roman behavior. The way in whic ...
1 Gallo-Roman Relations under the Early Empire By
... of this paper, we will examine the interactions between Romans and Gauls during what may be roughly called the early empire: from Julius Caesar to the events immediately following Nero's death. Each Roman leader will have his own chapter and the events that are crucial for understanding Gallo-Roman ...
... of this paper, we will examine the interactions between Romans and Gauls during what may be roughly called the early empire: from Julius Caesar to the events immediately following Nero's death. Each Roman leader will have his own chapter and the events that are crucial for understanding Gallo-Roman ...
Document
... Ancient History. 2nd ed., vol. 12, p. 585, 645 Civil war in 311 marked the destruction of the city; however, the first Christian emperor Constantine rebuilt it in his own name in 313 AD, calling it Constantine. ...
... Ancient History. 2nd ed., vol. 12, p. 585, 645 Civil war in 311 marked the destruction of the city; however, the first Christian emperor Constantine rebuilt it in his own name in 313 AD, calling it Constantine. ...
julius caesar`s system understanding of the gallic crisis
... (2) The customs of war of the time. When studying historical events, one should try to wear the lenses of the time under scrutiny, and refrain, as much as possible, form passing moral judgment based on the sensibilities of today on events that date back more than two thousand years. That being said, ...
... (2) The customs of war of the time. When studying historical events, one should try to wear the lenses of the time under scrutiny, and refrain, as much as possible, form passing moral judgment based on the sensibilities of today on events that date back more than two thousand years. That being said, ...
`Quintictilius Varus, give me back my legions!` Augustus Caesar
... first the scrub was sparse and the cohorts could keep order easily in well drilled ranks. But soon the seventeenth legion was broken into individual cohorts, and then the centuries also became separated by the rough terrain. Each century had eight contubernia or eight men sections, and by nightfall ...
... first the scrub was sparse and the cohorts could keep order easily in well drilled ranks. But soon the seventeenth legion was broken into individual cohorts, and then the centuries also became separated by the rough terrain. Each century had eight contubernia or eight men sections, and by nightfall ...
Virtus in the Roman World - The Cupola: Scholarship at Gettysburg
... wait on the hillside, and when the Romans marched past, he signaled his troops to attack. Livy describes the outcome best: “Down they came from the hills, each many by the nearest way, taking the Romans totally unprepared.” 158 This battle resulted in the entirety of the consular army being enslaved ...
... wait on the hillside, and when the Romans marched past, he signaled his troops to attack. Livy describes the outcome best: “Down they came from the hills, each many by the nearest way, taking the Romans totally unprepared.” 158 This battle resulted in the entirety of the consular army being enslaved ...
the original article
... of peace in the North after the revolt under Trajan, in which the ninth legion was destroyed”. This was, of course, Mommsen’s scenario of destruction soon after AD 108. But it is easy to see that, if Mattingly was wrong in his stylistic analysis, the coins could then fall some years later (though st ...
... of peace in the North after the revolt under Trajan, in which the ninth legion was destroyed”. This was, of course, Mommsen’s scenario of destruction soon after AD 108. But it is easy to see that, if Mattingly was wrong in his stylistic analysis, the coins could then fall some years later (though st ...
Roman Military Artwork as Propaganda on the
... Chapter One The Mausoleum and the Altar at Adamclisi The Tropaeum Traiani was one of three monuments associated with the deceased constructed at Adamclisi. A large mausoleum, approximately thirty-eight meters in diameter, rests upon a sacrificial pit that contained ox bones.10 The mausoleum at Adam ...
... Chapter One The Mausoleum and the Altar at Adamclisi The Tropaeum Traiani was one of three monuments associated with the deceased constructed at Adamclisi. A large mausoleum, approximately thirty-eight meters in diameter, rests upon a sacrificial pit that contained ox bones.10 The mausoleum at Adam ...
Mortem et Gloriam - Army Lists - Italy
... incoporated as Roman provinces. The Attalid Kingdom of Pergamene was bequeathed to Rome and incorporated in 129 B.C. The Roman system of government and large manpower led to a continual series of aggressive wars. ...
... incoporated as Roman provinces. The Attalid Kingdom of Pergamene was bequeathed to Rome and incorporated in 129 B.C. The Roman system of government and large manpower led to a continual series of aggressive wars. ...
Caesar
... them and took all their money, including his ransom, and then had them all crucified. You can see that Caesar was sometimes charming and sometimes extremely cruel, even back then. ...
... them and took all their money, including his ransom, and then had them all crucified. You can see that Caesar was sometimes charming and sometimes extremely cruel, even back then. ...
Spartacus - Edublogs
... his mind. He turned his troops around and headed back south again. The Roman senate was not ready to trust the two consuls to fight again. So it picked a new chief, Marcus Licinius Crassus, for the task. Before the showdown, Crassus asked a commander, Mummius, to move his troops south. He specifical ...
... his mind. He turned his troops around and headed back south again. The Roman senate was not ready to trust the two consuls to fight again. So it picked a new chief, Marcus Licinius Crassus, for the task. Before the showdown, Crassus asked a commander, Mummius, to move his troops south. He specifical ...
Julius Caesar - Cape Tech Library
... from the crown of his head, and of all the honours voted him by the senate and people there was none which he received or made use of more gladly than the privilege of wearing a laurel wreath at all times. The overwhelming control Caesar exercised over virtually every aspect of Roman life drove appr ...
... from the crown of his head, and of all the honours voted him by the senate and people there was none which he received or made use of more gladly than the privilege of wearing a laurel wreath at all times. The overwhelming control Caesar exercised over virtually every aspect of Roman life drove appr ...
sample
... BC; Delphi devastated in 279 BC; central Anatolia conquered in 277 BC. The Mediterranean world may have known and feared them as fierce fighters and superb horsemen, yet the Gauls’ political sense was weak, and they were crushed between the migratory Germans and the power of Rome, to be ejected by t ...
... BC; Delphi devastated in 279 BC; central Anatolia conquered in 277 BC. The Mediterranean world may have known and feared them as fierce fighters and superb horsemen, yet the Gauls’ political sense was weak, and they were crushed between the migratory Germans and the power of Rome, to be ejected by t ...