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Ancient History
Ancient History

... - City-state (city + 15km radius) was the basic element of the political organization of Babylonia- roughly 35 city-states existed in Babylonia- An important element in Mesopotamian ideology ( How people think of themselves and others) regarding cities was the concept that each city was the dwellin ...
Ius Militare – Military Courts in the Roman Law (I)
Ius Militare – Military Courts in the Roman Law (I)

... war operations. They were erected by specially trained engineers, according to strictly defined plans, and used as attacking camps or sanctuaries in case of withdrawal. At the same time, these camps were the places where legionnaires themselves spent their early lives and youthfulness, for constant ...
And never say no: politics as usual
And never say no: politics as usual

... in a toga, which was nOleyery Roma.n's everyday costume. as is generally thought, but rather the equivalent of a co~servative three.piece suit and tie. And he made sure that it had been freshly laundered to shiny whiteness-he was candidatus (i.e.. gleamingly whitened)-our word comes right out of thi ...
And Never Say No: Politics as Usual in Ancient Rome
And Never Say No: Politics as Usual in Ancient Rome

... forum, was their soapbox. And then they took the most drastic step of all: they introduced into Roman politics what it had so long been spared--chicanery, bribery and violence. it was easy because in those days the Roman Republic did not yet have a police force or even a standing army. Besides, such ...
HIS 28 – Part 7
HIS 28 – Part 7

... although the lists of names of office holders which have survived do not indicate many non-patricians being elected. ...
From Republic to Empire
From Republic to Empire

Rome Jeopardy
Rome Jeopardy

... Who died on the Ides of March, or March 15th, and was married to Cleopatra at one point? ...
Roman Senate- 63 BC Dossier
Roman Senate- 63 BC Dossier

... actual Roman Senate of antiquity, the former consuls were considered to be superior to the other senators. They would be given precedence for speaking time, even often being the only senators to speak at all on issues2. For the purposes of our committee, previous (or even current) consul status will ...
Focusing on the Main Ideas
Focusing on the Main Ideas

Wayne E. Sirmon HI 101 – Western Civilization
Wayne E. Sirmon HI 101 – Western Civilization

... assigning provincial governors sitting on extortion court Proposed (like brother) bill to give public land to dispossessed farmers Lost election for 3rd year Senate ordered Consul to issue “last decree” Gaius hunted by mob. Has one of his slaves kill him (assisted suicide) ...
Post-Punic Wars Rome - School District of Clayton
Post-Punic Wars Rome - School District of Clayton

... 6."Summary of the Punic Wars." The Finer Times: War, Crime and History Resource. Accessed April 28, 2013. http://www.thefinertimes.com/AncientWars/summary-of-the-punic-wars.html. ...
Pfingsten-6-Formation of Roman Republic
Pfingsten-6-Formation of Roman Republic

Ch7, Sec3 (cont)-from the assassination of Julius Caesar to the end
Ch7, Sec3 (cont)-from the assassination of Julius Caesar to the end

Rome - New Caney ISD
Rome - New Caney ISD

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Hist/Cult
Hist/Cult

... -(Publius Cornelius) Scipio had the agnomen 'Africanus' (Maior) for his victory over Hannibal at the battle of Zama in 202 BC -(Publius Cornelius) Scipio Aemilianus received the agnomina 'Africanus' (Minor) for the destruction of Carthage in 146 BC and 'Numantinus' for the capture of Numantia in 133 ...
Rome and Early Christianity Section 1
Rome and Early Christianity Section 1

The Empire
The Empire

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... Camillus' story was not over, though, because when the last town fell, Falerii, the Romans were upset that there was no plunder. Camillus was accused of taking it all for himself. He was offered a choice of exile or of a fine. When his friends offered to pay the fine, he refused and went into exile ...
Caesar and First Triumvirate Reading
Caesar and First Triumvirate Reading

2. Roman Emperors - Bible Teaching Program
2. Roman Emperors - Bible Teaching Program

... John, speaks as follows concerning him: “If it were necessary for his name to be proclaimed openly at the present time, it would have been declared by him who saw the revelation. For it was seen not long ago, but almost in our own generation, at the end of the reign of Domitian.” To such a degree, i ...
The Roman Empire during the time of the New Testament
The Roman Empire during the time of the New Testament

... John, speaks as follows concerning him: “If it were necessary for his name to be proclaimed openly at the present time, it would have been declared by him who saw the revelation. For it was seen not long ago, but almost in our own generation, at the end of the reign of Domitian.” To such a degree, i ...
401 - History of the Daughters
401 - History of the Daughters

... following terms: surrender of power in Greece; payment of 1000 talents over 10 years; reduction of his forces to 5000 men and five ships; and the promise not to declare any war with anyone absent permission of Rome. “At the ensuing Isthmian Games, Roman general Flaminius proclaimed the independence ...
“Where have all the leaders gone
“Where have all the leaders gone

Discussion Thread 5: Rome Extends its Dominance into the Western
Discussion Thread 5: Rome Extends its Dominance into the Western

... countryside, destroying food supplies and destroying towns. Yet he could never win enough support from the local populations to lay siege to Rome or score any more decisive victories; they also worked to cut off Hannibal’s supply line from Spain and were successful at doing so. Around 210 BCE there ...
Romenotes
Romenotes

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Promagistrate

A promagistrate (Latin: pro magistratu) is a person who acts in and with the authority and capacity of a magistrate, but without holding a magisterial office. A legal innovation of the Roman Republic, the promagistracy was invented in order to provide Rome with governors of overseas territories instead of having to elect more magistrates each year. Promagistrates were appointed by senatus consultum; like all acts of the Roman Senate, these appointments were not entirely legal and could be overruled by the Roman assemblies, e.g., the replacement of Quintus Caecilius Metellus Numidicus by Gaius Marius during the Jugurthine War.Promagistrates were usually either proquaestors (acting in place of quaestors), propraetors, acting in place of praetors, or proconsuls acting in place of consuls. A promagistrate held equal authority to the equivalent magistrate, was attended by the same number of lictors, and generally speaking had autocratic power within his province, be it territorial or otherwise. Promagistrates usually had already held the office in whose stead they were acting, although this was not mandatory.One should also mention here the procurator, a posting originally as a financial manager in a province, a position which held no magisterial power until Claudius gave them his power in the mid 40s AD, enabling them to administer provinces.The institution of promagistracies developed because the Romans found it inconvenient to continue adding ordinary magistracies to administer their newly acquired overseas possessions. Therefore, they adopted the practice of appointing an individual to act in place or capacity of (pro) a magistrate (magistratu); a promagistrate was literally a lieutenant. Subsequently, when Pompeius Magnus was given proconsular imperium to fight against Quintus Sertorius, the Senate made a point of distinguishing that he was not actually being appointed a promagistrate: he was appointed to act not in place of a consul (pro consule), but on behalf of the consuls (pro consulibus).The Roman legal concept of imperium meant that an ""imperial"" magistrate or promagistrate had absolute authority within the competence of his office; a promagistrate with imperium appointed to govern a province, therefore, had absolute authority within his capacity as governor of that province; indeed, the word provincia referred both to the governor's office or jurisdiction and to the territory he governed. A provincial governor had almost totally unlimited authority, and frequently extorted vast amounts of money from the provincial population — he had total immunity from prosecution during his term in office. It became fairly common for provincial governors to seek continual election to office to avoid trial for extortion and bribery, two famous examples being Gaius Verres and Lucius Sergius Catilina.The near limitless power of a high-ranking promagistrate has led to the term ""proconsul"" being used to designate any high-ranking and authoritative official appointed from above (or from without) to govern a territory without regard for local political institutions (i.e., one who is not elected and whose authority supersedes that of local officials). One of the most prominent examples of this is Douglas MacArthur, who was given vast powers to implement reform and recovery efforts in Japan after World War II, and has been described occasionally as ""the American proconsul of Japan"".
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