Ink Blot or Not: the Meaning of Privileges And/Or Immunities
... See ARTICLES OF CONFEDERATION AND PERPETUAL UNION, art. IV, § 1 (“The better to secure and perpetuate mutual friendship and intercourse among the people of the different States in this Union, the free inhabitants of each of these States, paupers, vagabonds, and fugitives from justice excepted, shall ...
... See ARTICLES OF CONFEDERATION AND PERPETUAL UNION, art. IV, § 1 (“The better to secure and perpetuate mutual friendship and intercourse among the people of the different States in this Union, the free inhabitants of each of these States, paupers, vagabonds, and fugitives from justice excepted, shall ...
A Remembrance of Things Past?: Reflections on the Warren Court
... The most notable characteristic of the Warren Court in the field of enforcing constitutional rights was its creativity in reaching results favorable to those asserting rights against the government and the consistency with which it exhibited this creativity. Most of the time, I find myself very symp ...
... The most notable characteristic of the Warren Court in the field of enforcing constitutional rights was its creativity in reaching results favorable to those asserting rights against the government and the consistency with which it exhibited this creativity. Most of the time, I find myself very symp ...
Population Predominance in Racial Gerrymandering
... Addressing the complexity of racial gerrymandering has long been at the heart of the Supreme Court’s voting-rights jurisprudence. The Fourteenth Amendment forbids use of racial classification in any “redistricting plan [unless it is] in pursuit of a compelling state interest . . . [and] narrowly tai ...
... Addressing the complexity of racial gerrymandering has long been at the heart of the Supreme Court’s voting-rights jurisprudence. The Fourteenth Amendment forbids use of racial classification in any “redistricting plan [unless it is] in pursuit of a compelling state interest . . . [and] narrowly tai ...
Chapter 5
... Barriers to voting by African Americans (cont.) • poll taxes – required the payment of a fee to vote – intended to disenfranchise poor African Americans – was outlawed in national elections by the 24th amendment – was outlawed in all elections by the Supreme Court in 1966 ...
... Barriers to voting by African Americans (cont.) • poll taxes – required the payment of a fee to vote – intended to disenfranchise poor African Americans – was outlawed in national elections by the 24th amendment – was outlawed in all elections by the Supreme Court in 1966 ...
Unit 2 - about Mr. Long
... Ascertain how concepts such as a right to privacy can be inferred or implied from the Bill of Rights. Explain why civil liberties are seen as an individual’s protection against the government. Understand how civil rights have been used to extend more equality to groups that historically have been su ...
... Ascertain how concepts such as a right to privacy can be inferred or implied from the Bill of Rights. Explain why civil liberties are seen as an individual’s protection against the government. Understand how civil rights have been used to extend more equality to groups that historically have been su ...
Taking on Segregation
... Brown vs. the Board of Education of Topeka (Kansas) Central victory of NAACP which had wide ranging effects on desegregation in 21 states -Father of Linda Carol Brown argued that his daughter should be allowed to attend an all white school 4 blocks from her house rather than walking 21 blocks to an ...
... Brown vs. the Board of Education of Topeka (Kansas) Central victory of NAACP which had wide ranging effects on desegregation in 21 states -Father of Linda Carol Brown argued that his daughter should be allowed to attend an all white school 4 blocks from her house rather than walking 21 blocks to an ...
SOL 13
... • Linda Brown was black and blacks weren’t allowed to go to white children’s schools. • Topeka’s elementary schools had been segregated since 1896, when the Supreme Court’s decision in the Plessy v. Ferguson sanctioned “separate but equal” classrooms for black children ...
... • Linda Brown was black and blacks weren’t allowed to go to white children’s schools. • Topeka’s elementary schools had been segregated since 1896, when the Supreme Court’s decision in the Plessy v. Ferguson sanctioned “separate but equal” classrooms for black children ...
Wikipage—Supreme Court Case Brown v. Board of Education
... County, Boiling v. Sharpe, and Gebhart v. Ethel. Thurgood Marshall, the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP), and the Education Fund handled these five cases, among others concerning the civil rights of African Americans and minorities in America. Each of these cases, t ...
... County, Boiling v. Sharpe, and Gebhart v. Ethel. Thurgood Marshall, the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP), and the Education Fund handled these five cases, among others concerning the civil rights of African Americans and minorities in America. Each of these cases, t ...
Equal Protection Clause
The Equal Protection Clause is part of the Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution. The clause, which took effect in 1868, provides that no state shall deny to any person within its jurisdiction ""the equal protection of the laws"".A primary motivation for this clause was to validate the equality provisions contained in the Civil Rights Act of 1866, which guaranteed that all people would have rights equal to those of white citizens. As a whole, the Fourteenth Amendment marked a large shift in American constitutionalism, by applying substantially more constitutional restrictions against the states than had applied before the Civil War.The meaning of the Equal Protection Clause has been the subject of much debate, and inspired the well-known phrase ""Equal Justice Under Law"". This clause was the basis for Brown v. Board of Education (1954), the Supreme Court decision that helped to dismantle racial segregation, and also the basis for many other decisions rejecting discrimination against people belonging to various groups.The Equal Protection Clause itself applies only to state governments. However, the Supreme Court held in Bolling v. Sharpe (1954) that equal protection requirements apply to the federal government through the Due Process Clause of the Fifth Amendment.