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GENETIC MODIFICATION and pGLO
GENETIC MODIFICATION and pGLO

... A series of structural and regulatory genes arranged in a manner such as to produce various proteins only when needed by the cell ...
DNA Replication - No Brain Too Small
DNA Replication - No Brain Too Small

... When DNA is replicated, each of the parent strands acts as a template. Explain why there is a difference in the way in which the parallel strands of DNA are replicated. You may use a labelled diagram to support your answer. ...
Slide 1
Slide 1

... erosion at cell divisions, chromosomal non-homologous end-joinings and nuclease attacks. ...
MGG330 L1-2007
MGG330 L1-2007

... From a variety of organisms ...
Syllabus Checklist
Syllabus Checklist

... molecule and used to link amino acids together in a specific sequence. This involves two processes—transcription and translation. Distinguish between transcription and translation by completing the table below. ...
ForwardGeneticsMapping2012
ForwardGeneticsMapping2012

... -see if all of clone is missing in deletion of oep genomic region -if not missing, then some of clone’s DNA is from other region -suggests clone is chimeric (contains different parts of genome) -would be disaster to continue “walking” from chimeric clone could jump to entire new (irrelevant) region ...
Lab/Activity: Prot
Lab/Activity: Prot

... Proteins are made in the cytoplasm by ribosomes. Since DNA cannot leave the nucleus, the information from DNA must be transmitted from the nucleus to the cytoplasm. During transcription, each gene on the DNA is read and codes directly for a messenger RNA (mRNA) molecule. The mRNA is made by matching ...
Variation and Selection
Variation and Selection

... dark? It’s because they’ve had a jellyfish gene inserted into their DNA. The gene codes for a fluorescent protein. With the jellyfish gene in their cells, the mice make the protein and glow too. ...
Gene Technology Quest – Study Guide KEY What is a genome? A
Gene Technology Quest – Study Guide KEY What is a genome? A

... 4. Explain the function of the following parts to the lac operon. a. Promoter: Area on an operon where RNA polymerase attaches b. Repressor: Attaches to operator and blocks movement of RNA polymerase to structural genes c. Operator: Area where repressor attaches. On/off switch d. RNA polymerase: Att ...
BIOL290
BIOL290

... C. How can we identify gene regions that code for proteins in the DNA? D. What is the general structure of the human genome? E. Understand DNA microarrays and their function in studying the transcriptome. F. Understand the ChIP assay and two-hybrid test. How does each facilitate study of the interac ...
Lec 01 - History of Genetics... - Development of e
Lec 01 - History of Genetics... - Development of e

... pointed to DNA as the portion of chromosomes (and perhaps other nucleoproteins) that held genes. A focus on new model organisms such as viruses and bacteria, along with the discovery of the double helical structure of DNA in 1953, marked the transition to the era of molecular genetics. In the follow ...
The Story of Molecular Biology and Its Creators
The Story of Molecular Biology and Its Creators

BICH/GENE 431 KNOWLEDGE OBJECTIVES Chapter 9 – Mutations
BICH/GENE 431 KNOWLEDGE OBJECTIVES Chapter 9 – Mutations

... Intercalating agents – know examples; insert between bases in DNA to cause insertions or deletions during replication Direct reversal of damage - DNA photolyase to remove thymine dimers (plants, bacteria, not humans) - Methyltransferase enzyme to repair O6-methylguanine (single turnover) Base excisi ...
The Story of Molecular Biology and Its Creators
The Story of Molecular Biology and Its Creators

... “Once information has passed into protein it cannot get out again”… Crick’s choice of the word “dogma” was not a call for blind faith in what was really a central hypothesis. According to Horace Judson in his book The Eighth Day of Creation, it was because Crick had it in his mind that “a dogma was ...
Genetics
Genetics

... Can be arranged in an infinite number of ways. Within these molecules is the genetic code that determines all the characteristics of an organism. Different segments of the chromosomes control different traits that are expressed in the organism. ...
Repair of Damaged DNA
Repair of Damaged DNA

... DNA with closely related sequences 2. Site-specific 3. Transposition - occurs between unrelated sequences (e.g. Transposons; jumping genes ) Homologous Recombination Three purposes: 1. Recombinational DNA repair 2. DNA organization during meiosis (eukaryotes) 3. Genetic diversity (exchanging alleles ...
Document
Document

... • Be able to describe the components of DNA electrophoresis, and recognize patterns in a gel • Be able to describe the form and function of restriction enzymes (restriction endonucleases) • Be able to describe the process of DNA-mediated transformation of bacterial cells • Discuss the molecular basi ...
Genetics Terminology List - Arabian Horse Association
Genetics Terminology List - Arabian Horse Association

... Co-dominance - situation in which two different alleles for a trait are both expressed. Example: In blood typing people who have an AB blood type; these individuals have characteristics of both type A and type B blood. DNA (Deoxyribonucleic acid) - the chemical name for the molecule that carries gen ...
Slide 1
Slide 1

... National Institute of Health and National Science Foundation have funded the creation of libraries of gene maps. Researchers use restriction enzymes to break the DNA into a number of identifiable fragments 30-40,000 genes. Only 2 or 3 times the number found in the fruit fly and nematode worm. ...
A spruce sequence
A spruce sequence

... these plants challenging. DNA-based technology that can bypass these limitations has been particularly useful in forest trees, enabling genomic mapping, gene sequencing, genomic selection and genetic engineering. Whole-genome sequences are particularly powerful, because they provide a platform for a ...
5-5-17-Cloning_Plasmids_with_Paper
5-5-17-Cloning_Plasmids_with_Paper

... These are needed to transcribe the gene properly when it is read. In addition, the HindIII & EcoR1 restriction enzyme cutting sites (sequences of bases) are marked in bold on the Jellyfish Glo gene DNA. The two restriction enzymes and their respective restriction sites are listed below. These enzyme ...
Document
Document

... The short siRNA pieces unwind into single strand RNAs, which then combine with proteins to form a complex called RISC (RNA-Induced Silencing Complex). The RISC then captures a native mRNA molecule that complements the short siRNA sequence. If the pairing (native mRNA and siRNA piece) is essentially ...
LDL receptors
LDL receptors

... in a very short time. Denaturation at 94°C : During the denaturation, the double strand melts open to single stranded DNA. Annealing at 50-65°C : The primers are annealed. extension at 72°C : This is the ideal working temperature for the polymerase. The polymerase adds dNTP's from 5' to 3', reading ...
S1.Describe how the tight packing of chromatin in a closed
S1.Describe how the tight packing of chromatin in a closed

... (NLS) is located near the center of the protein. After hormone binding, the NLS is exposed on the surface of the protein and allows it to be targeted to the nucleus. The DNA-binding domain, which contains zinc fingers, is also centrally located in the primary amino acid sequence. Zinc fingers promot ...
Document
Document

... (NLS) is located near the center of the protein. After hormone binding, the NLS is exposed on the surface of the protein and allows it to be targeted to the nucleus. The DNA-binding domain, which contains zinc fingers, is also centrally located in the primary amino acid sequence. Zinc fingers promot ...
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Genome editing

Genome editing, or genome editing with engineered nucleases (GEEN) is a type of genetic engineering in which DNA is inserted, replaced, or removed from a genome using artificially engineered nucleases, or ""molecular scissors."" The nucleases create specific double-stranded break (DSBs) at desired locations in the genome, and harness the cell’s endogenous mechanisms to repair the induced break by natural processes of homologous recombination (HR) and nonhomologous end-joining (NHEJ). There are currently four families of engineered nucleases being used: Zinc finger nucleases (ZFNs), Transcription Activator-Like Effector Nucleases (TALENs), the CRISPR/Cas system, and engineered meganuclease re-engineered homing endonucleases.It is commonly practiced in genetic analysis that in order to understand the function of a gene or a protein function one interferes with it in a sequence-specific way and monitors its effects on the organism. However, in some organisms it is difficult or impossible to perform site-specific mutagenesis, and therefore more indirect methods have to be used, such as silencing the gene of interest by short RNA interference (siRNA) . Yet gene disruption by siRNA can be variable and incomplete. Genome editing with nucleases such as ZFN is different from siRNA in that the engineered nuclease is able to modify DNA-binding specificity and therefore can in principle cut any targeted position in the genome, and introduce modification of the endogenous sequences for genes that are impossible to specifically target by conventional RNAi. Furthermore, the specificity of ZFNs and TALENs are enhanced as two ZFNs are required in the recognition of their portion of the target and subsequently direct to the neighboring sequences.It was chosen by Nature Methods as the 2011 Method of the Year.
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