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Exam 2
Exam 2

... B. uranium-235 dating for both the human and dinosaur remains. C. uranium-235 dating for the human remains and carbon-14 dating for the dinosaur remains. D. carbon-14 dating for the human remains and uranium-235 dating for the dinosaur remains. Question 16 In 1954, copper waste in the Finniss River ...
Lecture 4: Lecture Notes + Textbook
Lecture 4: Lecture Notes + Textbook

... b) Blotting techniques (ie Southern blotting for DNA, Northern blotting for RNA) c) DNA sequencing d) PCR (polymerase chain reaction) Restriction Enzymes ...
Identification of a Novel Streptococcal Gene
Identification of a Novel Streptococcal Gene

... ciprofloxacin-resistant colony from each plate was picked for sequencing analysis to ensure independent mutational events. DNA regions covering bases 228 to 255 and 293 to 314 from the parC gene were analyzed by pyrosequencing of ciprofloxacin-resistant wild-type (wt) and EH58 clones to determine th ...
Prokaryotic Evolution in Light of Gene Transfer
Prokaryotic Evolution in Light of Gene Transfer

... constrained by degree of sequence difference and the nature of the machinery involved (Vulic et al. 1997). Many careful studies show, not unexpectedly, that the ease with which genes recombine declines dramatically as their sequences diverge (Zawadzki, Roberts, and Cohan 1995; Majewski and Cohan 199 ...
Genes Code for Proteins
Genes Code for Proteins

... If a recessive mutation is produced by every change in a gene that prevents the production of an active protein, there should be a large number of such mutations in any one gene. Many amino acid replacements may change the structure of the protein sufficiently to impede its function. Different varia ...
genes associated with production and health in farm animals
genes associated with production and health in farm animals

... expression of the receptor for ECF18 bacteria. Two alpha (1,2) fucosyltransferase genes (FUT1, FUT2) on porcine chromosome 6q11 have been identified and are closely linked to the blood group inhibitor (S) and Escherichia coli F18 receptor (ECF18R) loci. The typical clinical symptoms of oedema disease ...
Validated preCRMs
Validated preCRMs

... The RP scores and different classes of predicted GATA-1 binding sites were combined to identify distinctive groups of predicted cis-regulatory modules (preCRMs) for experimental tests (Fig. 2A). Within the eight target loci, we tested 44 noncoding DNA segments with a positive RP score and at least o ...
heredity - Greenville Public School District
heredity - Greenville Public School District

doc - VCU Secrets of the Sequence
doc - VCU Secrets of the Sequence

... over in all species of animals, even sea creatures. This video explains how a complex set of genes called homeotic genes have been found in all these species. Researchers have discovered that these genes are turned on and off in different parts of the body thus controlling how skeletons are formed a ...
Adobe PDF - VCU Secrets of the Sequence
Adobe PDF - VCU Secrets of the Sequence

Selected Student Papers
Selected Student Papers

... the cannibalistic ritual.) Kuru killed 1% of the Fore population annually and it was found that young adult women were non-existent in some villages. Kuru is a form of what is known as a prion disease. Prions are protein particles very similar to viruses and they are spread easily from one mammal t ...
Significant enhancement of fatty acid composition in seeds of the
Significant enhancement of fatty acid composition in seeds of the

... be located in the 50 portion of each gene to ensure that gene disruptions altering the gene’s reading frame would produce a translation product lacking enzymatic activity. The sites were also chosen to contain a restriction enzyme cut site at the site of Cas9/ sgRNA-directed DNA cleavage three base ...
Preimplantation Genetic Testing An Overview
Preimplantation Genetic Testing An Overview

PKU: GENETICS AND INHERITANCE
PKU: GENETICS AND INHERITANCE

...  Can be anywhere from ~300 to ~2million letters long ...
Supplementary material
Supplementary material

... Close to 1,000 of the clones find multiple potential genes with our method. This often is a result of ESTs for the same clone belonging to different Unigene clusters, and can also be the result of closely related genes being found with the Blast method. In some cases, this automated method may not c ...
DNA, diseases and databases: disastrously deficient
DNA, diseases and databases: disastrously deficient

... globin/hbvar) [6] – a relational database of hemoglobin variants and thalassemia mutations, providing information on pathology, hematology, clinical presentation and laboratory findings for numerous DNA alterations. Gene and protein variants are annotated with respect to biochemical data, analytical ...
doc
doc

... Database-mining: this is the process by which the structure/function of an unknown gene/protein is inferred from similar sequences identified in information already stored in database, most often from well-characterised model organisms. Evolutionary Biology: BI offers the potential for investigating ...
Textbook Reference: Section 17.3
Textbook Reference: Section 17.3

... Replication is initiated (i.e. begins) at hundreds or even thousands of replication origins at any one time. Replication continues until all the replication bubbles have met and the two new DNA molecules separate from each other. See figure 17.21 on p. 583 of your text. Stage 2: Elongation DNA polym ...
Microbiology
Microbiology

... Restriction analysis indicated a high degree of similarity to a D N A fragment containing the endo-l,4-P-glucanase gene from B. szlbtilis PAPl 15. The nucleotide sequences of the eglS gene and its flanking regions were determined. Two ORFs were found within a stretch of 3500 bp. One of them, extendi ...
Xenopus tropicalis Ken-ichi T. S and Hisato I
Xenopus tropicalis Ken-ichi T. S and Hisato I

... information on CYP1 genes in amphibians is relatively scarce. In the present study, we attempt to characterize CYP1 genes in Xenopus tropicalis, the only amphibian species whose genome has been sequenced. A novel CYP1 gene, CYP1D was identified in the X. tropicalis genome sequence, besides the genes ...
Genome reduction as the dominant mode of evolution
Genome reduction as the dominant mode of evolution

... requirements could determine not only the end point of genomic reduction but to some extent also the order of the gene deletion [38]. Moreover, the reductive trend is countered by proliferation of genes involved in parasite-host interaction such as, for example, ankyrin repeat proteins that act as s ...
CHAPTER 7 Molecular Genetics: From DNA to Proteins
CHAPTER 7 Molecular Genetics: From DNA to Proteins

... research. In the 1950s, Alfred Hershey and Martha Chase did experiments with viruses and bacteria. Viruses are not cells. They are basically DNA inside a protein coat. To reproduce, a virus must insert its own genetic material into a cell (such as a bacterium). Then it uses the cell’s machinery to m ...
Southern Analysis: - California State University San Marcos
Southern Analysis: - California State University San Marcos

... NBT/BCIP stock solution ...
LATENT PERIODICITY OF DNA SEQUENCES OF MANY GENES
LATENT PERIODICITY OF DNA SEQUENCES OF MANY GENES

... 150. The purpose was to find an DNA or mRNA region having the best periodicity and the maximum of I(DNA,3n)-I(DNA,3). If a DNA or mRNA region with latent periodicity was not found then the displacement of the scanned artificial sequence on 100 bases was performed. If a region with latent periodicity ...
Annotation report - GEP Community Server
Annotation report - GEP Community Server

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Genome editing

Genome editing, or genome editing with engineered nucleases (GEEN) is a type of genetic engineering in which DNA is inserted, replaced, or removed from a genome using artificially engineered nucleases, or ""molecular scissors."" The nucleases create specific double-stranded break (DSBs) at desired locations in the genome, and harness the cell’s endogenous mechanisms to repair the induced break by natural processes of homologous recombination (HR) and nonhomologous end-joining (NHEJ). There are currently four families of engineered nucleases being used: Zinc finger nucleases (ZFNs), Transcription Activator-Like Effector Nucleases (TALENs), the CRISPR/Cas system, and engineered meganuclease re-engineered homing endonucleases.It is commonly practiced in genetic analysis that in order to understand the function of a gene or a protein function one interferes with it in a sequence-specific way and monitors its effects on the organism. However, in some organisms it is difficult or impossible to perform site-specific mutagenesis, and therefore more indirect methods have to be used, such as silencing the gene of interest by short RNA interference (siRNA) . Yet gene disruption by siRNA can be variable and incomplete. Genome editing with nucleases such as ZFN is different from siRNA in that the engineered nuclease is able to modify DNA-binding specificity and therefore can in principle cut any targeted position in the genome, and introduce modification of the endogenous sequences for genes that are impossible to specifically target by conventional RNAi. Furthermore, the specificity of ZFNs and TALENs are enhanced as two ZFNs are required in the recognition of their portion of the target and subsequently direct to the neighboring sequences.It was chosen by Nature Methods as the 2011 Method of the Year.
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