COMPUTER AIDED DESIGN OF ELECTRONIC DEVICES
... Their affordability and ability to run on personal computers also allowed engineers to do their own drafting and analytic work, eliminating the need for entire departments. In today's world, many students in universities do not learn manual drafting techniques because they are not required to do so. ...
... Their affordability and ability to run on personal computers also allowed engineers to do their own drafting and analytic work, eliminating the need for entire departments. In today's world, many students in universities do not learn manual drafting techniques because they are not required to do so. ...
FINAL SAFETY ANALYSIS REPORT CHAPTER 8 ELECTRIC POWER CCNPP Unit 3
... The U.S. EPR FSAR includes the following COL Item in Section 8.2.1.1: A COL applicant that references the U.S. EPR design certification will provide site-specific information regarding the offsite transmission system and connections to the station switchyard. This COL Item is addressed as follows: { ...
... The U.S. EPR FSAR includes the following COL Item in Section 8.2.1.1: A COL applicant that references the U.S. EPR design certification will provide site-specific information regarding the offsite transmission system and connections to the station switchyard. This COL Item is addressed as follows: { ...
Fire and Smoke Control Systems - Functional Testing and Design
... damper will shut the damper automatically when temperature exceeds the installed closure device fixed temperature setting. Closure devices include: fusible links, resettable links, and single or multiple temperature switches (temperature switch devices typically associated with combined fire-smoke d ...
... damper will shut the damper automatically when temperature exceeds the installed closure device fixed temperature setting. Closure devices include: fusible links, resettable links, and single or multiple temperature switches (temperature switch devices typically associated with combined fire-smoke d ...
Solar circuit protection application guide no. 10191
... standards for this type of equipment. It should be remembered that PV module output changes with the operating temperature and the amount of sun light it is exposed to. The amount of exposure is dependent on irradiance level, angle of incidence and the shading effect from trees, buildings and clouds ...
... standards for this type of equipment. It should be remembered that PV module output changes with the operating temperature and the amount of sun light it is exposed to. The amount of exposure is dependent on irradiance level, angle of incidence and the shading effect from trees, buildings and clouds ...
Generic Stress Factors and De-rating
... rating (adequate strength) should be selected although a resistor with 0.5 W rating (inadequate strength) is available. De-rating is usually expressed in percentage. The de-rating level for the resistor is [100*(1 – 0.47 W)/1 W], i.e., 53 %. It is quite possible that the stress levels of some compon ...
... rating (adequate strength) should be selected although a resistor with 0.5 W rating (inadequate strength) is available. De-rating is usually expressed in percentage. The de-rating level for the resistor is [100*(1 – 0.47 W)/1 W], i.e., 53 %. It is quite possible that the stress levels of some compon ...
Electronic Systems
... (b) The system may not work properly under unfavourable conditions (for example, extremely cold, hot or humid environment). (c) The cost of development is very high. Much investment is needed for production lines to go into operation. (d) Electronic parts and circuit boards are relatively fragile an ...
... (b) The system may not work properly under unfavourable conditions (for example, extremely cold, hot or humid environment). (c) The cost of development is very high. Much investment is needed for production lines to go into operation. (d) Electronic parts and circuit boards are relatively fragile an ...
Specific symptoms of single-phase inverters faults that are required for an expert system design Sergiu Valentin Popescu, Constantin Ghiţă, Anca-Simona Deaconu, Aurel-Ionuţ Chirilă, Ioan-Dragoş Deaconu
... Specific symptoms of single-phase inverters faults that are required for an expert system (…) 221 ...
... Specific symptoms of single-phase inverters faults that are required for an expert system (…) 221 ...
Communication Aided Protection Schemes
... • Optical fiber cable damage or too high output from communications interface causes loss of channel signal alarm and may need attenuation or proper splice tray connection. • T1 communication standard (DS1) requires transmittal of at least one pulse within any eight bit sequence. Loss of synchroniza ...
... • Optical fiber cable damage or too high output from communications interface causes loss of channel signal alarm and may need attenuation or proper splice tray connection. • T1 communication standard (DS1) requires transmittal of at least one pulse within any eight bit sequence. Loss of synchroniza ...
High Performance Resonant Mode Controller
... higher efficiency, lower EMI emission, and smaller size. A new integrated circuit has been developed to support this trend in power supply design. The MC34067 Resonant Mode Controller is a high performance bipolar IC dedicated to variable frequency power control at frequencies exceeding 1.0 MHz. Thi ...
... higher efficiency, lower EMI emission, and smaller size. A new integrated circuit has been developed to support this trend in power supply design. The MC34067 Resonant Mode Controller is a high performance bipolar IC dedicated to variable frequency power control at frequencies exceeding 1.0 MHz. Thi ...
DBP Series vPD2
... and CCTV hardware. This will lead to the eventual failure of the equipment. At the other end of the scale are the high energy surges induced by lightning and direct short-circuit contact with power cables which can result in the immediate destruction of circuitry. Computer network systems using coax ...
... and CCTV hardware. This will lead to the eventual failure of the equipment. At the other end of the scale are the high energy surges induced by lightning and direct short-circuit contact with power cables which can result in the immediate destruction of circuitry. Computer network systems using coax ...
AFR 10_Manual_English-5
... AFR 1xx is intended for installation on 35 mm DIN rail according to EN 50 022 and only for interior applications. It is crucially important to protect the instrument against dust, dirt and water entering the equipment. For correct function it is important to provide enough cooling of the instrument. ...
... AFR 1xx is intended for installation on 35 mm DIN rail according to EN 50 022 and only for interior applications. It is crucially important to protect the instrument against dust, dirt and water entering the equipment. For correct function it is important to provide enough cooling of the instrument. ...
The Secrets of UL and NFPA. - Automation Technology
... Every electrical machine or system in the USA is investigated by an inspector, the so-called Authority Having Jurisdiction (AHJ) prior to commissioning. The National Electrical Code (NEC), also known as NFPA 70 respective application-specific standards such as NFPA 79 as well as local standards and ...
... Every electrical machine or system in the USA is investigated by an inspector, the so-called Authority Having Jurisdiction (AHJ) prior to commissioning. The National Electrical Code (NEC), also known as NFPA 70 respective application-specific standards such as NFPA 79 as well as local standards and ...
Consumer Aftermarket Product Catalog
... breakers. Replace only with the same type breaker in aftermarket applications.) Type I - Automatic Reset Circuit breaker automatically resets after opening. If the fault still exists, the breaker will continue to cycle between ON and OFF positions until the overload is corrected. These devices are s ...
... breakers. Replace only with the same type breaker in aftermarket applications.) Type I - Automatic Reset Circuit breaker automatically resets after opening. If the fault still exists, the breaker will continue to cycle between ON and OFF positions until the overload is corrected. These devices are s ...
Abstract
... It is a well known switching algorithm, keeping the difference of output and reference waveforms within a predefined band of tolerance, as shown in Fig. 4. Interested in classifying controllers, it can be categorized under ON-OFF controllers, which is the nature of our plant, switching device. ...
... It is a well known switching algorithm, keeping the difference of output and reference waveforms within a predefined band of tolerance, as shown in Fig. 4. Interested in classifying controllers, it can be categorized under ON-OFF controllers, which is the nature of our plant, switching device. ...
01-Intro
... Changes in system state only allowed at specific times controlled by external periodic signal (the clock) Clock period is time between state changes sufficiently long so that system reaches steady-state before next state change ...
... Changes in system state only allowed at specific times controlled by external periodic signal (the clock) Clock period is time between state changes sufficiently long so that system reaches steady-state before next state change ...
Improved Implementation of Sprott’s Chaotic Oscillators Based on Current-Feedback Op Amps
... useful tools not only for investigation of nonlinear phenomena, bifurcation and chaos, but also for a variety of applications such as synchronizations, control [4] and chaos-based communications systems [5]. Chua’s circuit [3] is one of the best-known chaotic circuits but is difficult to scale to ar ...
... useful tools not only for investigation of nonlinear phenomena, bifurcation and chaos, but also for a variety of applications such as synchronizations, control [4] and chaos-based communications systems [5]. Chua’s circuit [3] is one of the best-known chaotic circuits but is difficult to scale to ar ...
Info
... minimum compression set and will return to their original size with as much as a 30% deflection. Repeated insertion and removal of the circuit protector in this application will have an insignificant effect on the contact force between the auxiliary switch terminals and the beryllium copper strips. ...
... minimum compression set and will return to their original size with as much as a 30% deflection. Repeated insertion and removal of the circuit protector in this application will have an insignificant effect on the contact force between the auxiliary switch terminals and the beryllium copper strips. ...
Servicing The Engine Management System
... sources and output power sources. Input power sources can originate directly from the battery or be routed through the ignition switch. Battery power sources are used to provide power so that information stored in non-volatile (“keep alive”) memory can be retained by the ECM/PCM and as a system volt ...
... sources and output power sources. Input power sources can originate directly from the battery or be routed through the ignition switch. Battery power sources are used to provide power so that information stored in non-volatile (“keep alive”) memory can be retained by the ECM/PCM and as a system volt ...
Fault tolerance
Fault tolerance is the property that enables a system to continue operating properly in the event of the failure of (or one or more faults within) some of its components. If its operating quality decreases at all, the decrease is proportional to the severity of the failure, as compared to a naively designed system in which even a small failure can cause total breakdown. Fault tolerance is particularly sought after in high-availability or life-critical systems.A fault-tolerant design enables a system to continue its intended operation, possibly at a reduced level, rather than failing completely, when some part of the system fails. The term is most commonly used to describe computer systems designed to continue more or less fully operational with, perhaps, a reduction in throughput or an increase in response time in the event of some partial failure. That is, the system as a whole is not stopped due to problems either in the hardware or the software. An example in another field is a motor vehicle designed so it will continue to be drivable if one of the tires is punctured. A structure is able to retain its integrity in the presence of damage due to causes such as fatigue, corrosion, manufacturing flaws, or impact.Within the scope of an individual system, fault tolerance can be achieved by anticipating exceptional conditions and building the system to cope with them, and, in general, aiming for self-stabilization so that the system converges towards an error-free state. However, if the consequences of a system failure are catastrophic, or the cost of making it sufficiently reliable is very high, a better solution may be to use some form of duplication. In any case, if the consequence of a system failure is so catastrophic, the system must be able to use reversion to fall back to a safe mode. This is similar to roll-back recovery but can be a human action if humans are present in the loop.