lecture1423726011
... Acid Etching — material is selectively removed from areas of the wafer that are not covered by photoresist. This is accomplished through the use of many different types of acid, base and caustic solutions as a function of the material that is to be removed. Much of the work with chemicals takes plac ...
... Acid Etching — material is selectively removed from areas of the wafer that are not covered by photoresist. This is accomplished through the use of many different types of acid, base and caustic solutions as a function of the material that is to be removed. Much of the work with chemicals takes plac ...
Kelly KEB Controllers User Manual
... GUI if you use that throttle type. 1. The controller will stop driving when detects too many resets. 2. Mostly because of B- or return wiring. Use the heavier and cleaner return wires. For dual controllers, bond B- of both controllers together with a heavy cable or copper strip. 3. May be caused by ...
... GUI if you use that throttle type. 1. The controller will stop driving when detects too many resets. 2. Mostly because of B- or return wiring. Use the heavier and cleaner return wires. For dual controllers, bond B- of both controllers together with a heavy cable or copper strip. 3. May be caused by ...
Practical Aspects of Using PowerMOS Transistors to Drive Inductive Loads Introduction AN-7517
... the multiplicative factor at the expected operating junction temperature. Finally multiply the maximum 25oC rDS(ON) rating by the previously determined factor. The third state we should consider is when the switch transitions from “on” to “off” or vice versa. In many solenoid switch applications the ...
... the multiplicative factor at the expected operating junction temperature. Finally multiply the maximum 25oC rDS(ON) rating by the previously determined factor. The third state we should consider is when the switch transitions from “on” to “off” or vice versa. In many solenoid switch applications the ...
Novel Three-Phase CM/DM Conducted Emission Separator
... DM emissions. Other methods that apply mathematical analysis through fast Fourier transformation [14] have also been proposed. There, it is important that sampling rates are high enough and phase information is computed correctly, which usually leads to expensive or inaccurate measurements. A three- ...
... DM emissions. Other methods that apply mathematical analysis through fast Fourier transformation [14] have also been proposed. There, it is important that sampling rates are high enough and phase information is computed correctly, which usually leads to expensive or inaccurate measurements. A three- ...
MAX4952B Evaluation Kit Evaluates: General Description Features
... The characterization circuit is provided as a separate test circuit for eye diagram evaluation of the MAX4952B IC. This circuit provides differential SMA inputs and outputs with 50I controlled-impedance traces. Channel B is not utilized in this section of the EV kit, but provides the same performanc ...
... The characterization circuit is provided as a separate test circuit for eye diagram evaluation of the MAX4952B IC. This circuit provides differential SMA inputs and outputs with 50I controlled-impedance traces. Channel B is not utilized in this section of the EV kit, but provides the same performanc ...
PV Module Reliability Scorecard
... environmental stress tests first developed in the JPL’s Block Buy program. However, the scope of these tests accounts only for so-called infant mortality and leaves aside a number of common potential causes of failure. For instance, resilience to PID is not tested at all (more on that later). This m ...
... environmental stress tests first developed in the JPL’s Block Buy program. However, the scope of these tests accounts only for so-called infant mortality and leaves aside a number of common potential causes of failure. For instance, resilience to PID is not tested at all (more on that later). This m ...
Evaluation Kit - Apex Microtechnology
... Insert and solder the disc bypass capacitors at C1 and C2. Insert the HS27 heatsink and solder the solderable studs from the opposite side of the PCB. Add banana jacks as necessary to complete connections to external circuits and power supplies. Insert the amplifier into the PCB mounting holes locat ...
... Insert and solder the disc bypass capacitors at C1 and C2. Insert the HS27 heatsink and solder the solderable studs from the opposite side of the PCB. Add banana jacks as necessary to complete connections to external circuits and power supplies. Insert the amplifier into the PCB mounting holes locat ...
(ii) Loading cycle test.
... rubber. This is why the product is said to be “vulcanized” or “cross-linked” polythene. The polythene is inert to chemical reactions as it does not have double bonds and polar groups. Therefore, it was thought that polythene could be cross-linked only through special condition, e.g., by irradiating ...
... rubber. This is why the product is said to be “vulcanized” or “cross-linked” polythene. The polythene is inert to chemical reactions as it does not have double bonds and polar groups. Therefore, it was thought that polythene could be cross-linked only through special condition, e.g., by irradiating ...
Batteries and Bulbs
... An example of a digital multimeter (DMM) is shown in Figure 3. The probes of the multimeter may be permanently attached to the DMM or may be able to be plugged into different portions to enable different features of the DMM. The most common use of any DMM is undoubtedly to function as a voltmeter, a ...
... An example of a digital multimeter (DMM) is shown in Figure 3. The probes of the multimeter may be permanently attached to the DMM or may be able to be plugged into different portions to enable different features of the DMM. The most common use of any DMM is undoubtedly to function as a voltmeter, a ...
Device circuit breakers
... Reliable protection in the event of harmful overload and short-circuit currents System failures can be caused by various factors. A permanent overload, for example, can damage the load and lead to the downtime of the system or a system part. Provide selective fuse protection for the control circuits ...
... Reliable protection in the event of harmful overload and short-circuit currents System failures can be caused by various factors. A permanent overload, for example, can damage the load and lead to the downtime of the system or a system part. Provide selective fuse protection for the control circuits ...
B25671A4187A375
... The following applies to all products named in this publication: 1. Some parts of this publication contain statements about the suitability of our products for certain areas of application. These statements are based on our knowledge of typical requirements that are often placed on our products in t ...
... The following applies to all products named in this publication: 1. Some parts of this publication contain statements about the suitability of our products for certain areas of application. These statements are based on our knowledge of typical requirements that are often placed on our products in t ...
Application Examples
... with logic signals, but a majority can be met with the above circuits. All provide 10 mA into the LED, giving 2 mA minimum out of the phototransistor. The 1 V diode knee and its high capacitance (typically 100 pF) provides good noise immunity. The rise time and propagation delay can be reduced by bi ...
... with logic signals, but a majority can be met with the above circuits. All provide 10 mA into the LED, giving 2 mA minimum out of the phototransistor. The 1 V diode knee and its high capacitance (typically 100 pF) provides good noise immunity. The rise time and propagation delay can be reduced by bi ...
Power Systems Design
... Need 10-15% more voltage to charge than the nominal voltage. Here we would need solar panel voltage of ~ 4.0 – 4.2v to charge this battery. ...
... Need 10-15% more voltage to charge than the nominal voltage. Here we would need solar panel voltage of ~ 4.0 – 4.2v to charge this battery. ...
bus ele ma iaei news june 2012 neeser
... The added text in 409.22 and 670.5 draws attention to the fact that industrial control panels and industrial machinery must be designed and manufactured with an SCCR that is adequate for the installation. Therefore, if equipment such as an industrial control panel is being installed in an industrial ...
... The added text in 409.22 and 670.5 draws attention to the fact that industrial control panels and industrial machinery must be designed and manufactured with an SCCR that is adequate for the installation. Therefore, if equipment such as an industrial control panel is being installed in an industrial ...
Pantograph disconnector type GW54, up to 550 kV Maximum
... ABB is a leader in power and automation technologies that enables utility and industry customers to improve their performance while lowering environmental impact. The ABB Group of companies operates in approximately 100 countries and employs around 145,000 people. Disconnectors from ABB ABB disconne ...
... ABB is a leader in power and automation technologies that enables utility and industry customers to improve their performance while lowering environmental impact. The ABB Group of companies operates in approximately 100 countries and employs around 145,000 people. Disconnectors from ABB ABB disconne ...
Generic Service Preso
... speed will increase to Point B (see High Static Pressure Curve, blue line). This increase in speed occurs when any blower––whether equipped with an ECM or AC induction motor––encounters an increase in static pressure. The reason is that the clogged filter restricts airflow in the system meaning ther ...
... speed will increase to Point B (see High Static Pressure Curve, blue line). This increase in speed occurs when any blower––whether equipped with an ECM or AC induction motor––encounters an increase in static pressure. The reason is that the clogged filter restricts airflow in the system meaning ther ...
1 - University of Toronto
... of the resonant circuit effective loop impedance. It follows from Eq. 14b that the loop impedance Z, approximated in the neighbourhood of resonance by expression X C0 1 Q 2 j 0 0 increases rapidly as the frequency moves away from the resonance with the reactive part dominating the magn ...
... of the resonant circuit effective loop impedance. It follows from Eq. 14b that the loop impedance Z, approximated in the neighbourhood of resonance by expression X C0 1 Q 2 j 0 0 increases rapidly as the frequency moves away from the resonance with the reactive part dominating the magn ...
Fire Eye Safeguard Controls
... 2. Manually shut off pilot and downstream gas cocks. Observe loss of flame signal on the test meter. 3. Make certain that electric fuel valves close on loss of flame signal. 4. If flame signal does not reduce to zero within the flame failure response time of the control (2-4 Seconds) or lockout does ...
... 2. Manually shut off pilot and downstream gas cocks. Observe loss of flame signal on the test meter. 3. Make certain that electric fuel valves close on loss of flame signal. 4. If flame signal does not reduce to zero within the flame failure response time of the control (2-4 Seconds) or lockout does ...
Methodology for relative location of voltage sag source using
... and decision rules are shown in Table 2. This method provides an optimum performance when applied to records of real and synthetic voltage sags, mainly caused by network faults. The fundamental condition for its application is the existence of current measurements in the electrical system. Thus, the ...
... and decision rules are shown in Table 2. This method provides an optimum performance when applied to records of real and synthetic voltage sags, mainly caused by network faults. The fundamental condition for its application is the existence of current measurements in the electrical system. Thus, the ...
8. ELECTRIC POWER SYSTEMS 8.1 Introduction
... The applicant shares the AP1000 design responsibility for the offsite power system with the combined license (COL) applicant referencing the design. The requirements imposed on the COL applicant’s design by the AP1000 design are specified by interface requirements or COL action items. See Section 8. ...
... The applicant shares the AP1000 design responsibility for the offsite power system with the combined license (COL) applicant referencing the design. The requirements imposed on the COL applicant’s design by the AP1000 design are specified by interface requirements or COL action items. See Section 8. ...
Fault tolerance
Fault tolerance is the property that enables a system to continue operating properly in the event of the failure of (or one or more faults within) some of its components. If its operating quality decreases at all, the decrease is proportional to the severity of the failure, as compared to a naively designed system in which even a small failure can cause total breakdown. Fault tolerance is particularly sought after in high-availability or life-critical systems.A fault-tolerant design enables a system to continue its intended operation, possibly at a reduced level, rather than failing completely, when some part of the system fails. The term is most commonly used to describe computer systems designed to continue more or less fully operational with, perhaps, a reduction in throughput or an increase in response time in the event of some partial failure. That is, the system as a whole is not stopped due to problems either in the hardware or the software. An example in another field is a motor vehicle designed so it will continue to be drivable if one of the tires is punctured. A structure is able to retain its integrity in the presence of damage due to causes such as fatigue, corrosion, manufacturing flaws, or impact.Within the scope of an individual system, fault tolerance can be achieved by anticipating exceptional conditions and building the system to cope with them, and, in general, aiming for self-stabilization so that the system converges towards an error-free state. However, if the consequences of a system failure are catastrophic, or the cost of making it sufficiently reliable is very high, a better solution may be to use some form of duplication. In any case, if the consequence of a system failure is so catastrophic, the system must be able to use reversion to fall back to a safe mode. This is similar to roll-back recovery but can be a human action if humans are present in the loop.