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MTX-L Digital Air/Fuel Ratio Gauge User Manual
MTX-L Digital Air/Fuel Ratio Gauge User Manual

Manual - Curtis Instruments
Manual - Curtis Instruments

... end product to ensure that its EMC performance complies with applicable regulations; suggestions are presented in Appendix A. The 1352 eXm contains ESD-sensitive components. Use appropriate precautions in connecting, disconnecting, and handling the module. See installation suggestions in Appendix A ...
Part V Busbar Systems - Electrical Engineering Book
Part V Busbar Systems - Electrical Engineering Book

... In a power-generating station power is carried from the generator to the power transformer, to the unit auxiliary transformer (UAT) or to the unit auxiliary switchgear as illustrated in Figure 13.21 through solid conductors (HV bus systems). This is due to large capacity of the generators (up to 100 ...
book here
book here

... In a power-generating station power is carried from the generator to the power transformer, to the unit auxiliary transformer (UAT) or to the unit auxiliary switchgear as illustrated in Figure 13.21 through solid conductors (HV bus systems). This is due to large capacity of the generators (up to 100 ...
a 1 pC Charge Injection, 100 pA Leakage CMOS ADG604
a 1 pC Charge Injection, 100 pA Leakage CMOS ADG604

... over the specified analog signal range. Source Leakage Current with the Switch “OFF” Drain Leakage Current with the Switch “OFF” Channel Leakage Current with the Switch “ON” Analog Voltage on Terminals D, S Maximum Input Voltage for Logic “0” Minimum Input Voltage for Logic “1” Input Current of the ...
SURGELOGIC™ TVSS Surge Protective Devices
SURGELOGIC™ TVSS Surge Protective Devices

... Utility industry experts estimate that problems resulting from transient voltage surges cost U.S. companies a stunning $26 billion annually.That figure not only includes the high price of direct damage to electrical distribution systems, electronic equipment, software and tools, but also the crippli ...
Applications User Manual
Applications User Manual

... Information required about the application .................................................................................................. 5-2 Motor maximum speed ...................................................................................................................................... ...
AN3394
AN3394

... DEMO-CR95HF-A demonstration board equivalent circuit. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 CR95HF equivalent output impedance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 Chip simplified equivalent impedance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...
Shaft Generator Systems
Shaft Generator Systems

... the propeller speed strongly varies in heavy seas. On ships with fixed pitch propellers, the speed is set via the propeller speed. If using controllable pitch propellers, the shaft speed and the propeller pitch are adjusted simultaneously in order to achieve optimum propeller efficiency in this so-c ...
Making Resistance Spot Welding Safer
Making Resistance Spot Welding Safer

... than 50 lb of force at the electrodes. The same components, arranged differently, can be used to furnish low pressure for operating welding machines with lightweight rams, or for operation of rocker arm or transgun welding machines — 6C. If continuity is detected before a maximum time has been reach ...
PHASE-COMPARISON CARRIER-PILOT RELAYS
PHASE-COMPARISON CARRIER-PILOT RELAYS

... These instructions do not purport to cover all details or variations in equipment nor to provide for every possible further information be desired contingency to be met in connection with installation, operation or maintenance. Should or should particular problems arise which are not covered suffici ...
Basics of Load Centers
Basics of Load Centers

High Voltage Ceramic Capacitors
High Voltage Ceramic Capacitors

... Each lead wire should be subjected to 5N of weight and bent 90˚ at the point of egress, in one direciton, then returned to its original position and bent 90˚ in the opposite direction at the rate of one bend in 2 to 3 sec. The lead wire of a capacitor should be dipped into a 25% methanol solution of ...
NSI 5 - National Grid
NSI 5 - National Grid

TMG G1492 FS2500 Track Circuit Test and Investigation Guideline
TMG G1492 FS2500 Track Circuit Test and Investigation Guideline

... Since November 2003 (after V34.1) the brown out circuit has been adjusted and tested for each receiver to achieve more consistent values. Receivers originally used an electrolytic capacitor as C19, which was/is a significant cause of receiver failure. Capacitor C19 has been changed to a polyester ty ...
Basics of Linear Fixed Resistors
Basics of Linear Fixed Resistors

... The ideal resistor never deviates from its rated value, is unaffected by temperature, can handle any electrical load, and does not change its specifications over the course of its life. However, in the real world physics always gets in the way of this ideal. Thus, even with something that at first g ...
Longitudinal-Partitioning-Based Waveform Relaxation Algorithm for Efficient Analysis of Distributed Transmission-Line Networks
Longitudinal-Partitioning-Based Waveform Relaxation Algorithm for Efficient Analysis of Distributed Transmission-Line Networks

... to be an attractive algorithm to address the issue of exorbitant computational costs for solving large networks using traditional circuit solvers like SPICE. The algorithm is based on partitioning large networks into smaller subcircuits where the coupling between the subcircuits is represented using ...
Table of Contents 8.0
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... station EDGs are specified in Table 8.1-1 through Table 8.1-4. This information supplements the U.S. EPR FSAR Tables. The site-specific loads are within the design margin of the EDGs.} Onsite DC power system nominal load values are specified in U.S. EPR FSAR Tables 8.3-12 through 8.3-15. {Additional ...
Automotive Compilation
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... For years, consumers have come to rely on the convenience and added security that a passive vehicle immobilizer system offers . These systems consist of a key fob, carried by the driver, and a base station, mounted in the vehicle . They work together to determine if the driver is authorized to start ...
AEP Guidelines for Transmission Owner Identified Needs
AEP Guidelines for Transmission Owner Identified Needs

... This methodology allows AEP to determine which asset needs will be most impactful to overall grid performance and service to customers so that solutions can be identified within the appropriate time frames. It implements a weighted total approach where assets are split by voltage class, which ensure ...
LIEBERT TRANSIENT VOLTAGE SURGE SUPPRESSOR
LIEBERT TRANSIENT VOLTAGE SURGE SUPPRESSOR

... etc.), at known surge generating loads within the building (large motors, arc welders, switched capacitors, etc.), as well as at sensitive electronic loads (such as computers, electronic appliances, solid state motor drives, etc.). For interconnected electronic loads (such as by way of data cabling) ...
Bonding and Grounding AMP NETCONNECT
Bonding and Grounding AMP NETCONNECT

Developing an equipment SCCR standard for manufacturers of
Developing an equipment SCCR standard for manufacturers of

... industrial control panel. This rating is established through testing of the assembly (less common), or using a procedure based on the components and their configuration in the assembly. Proper application not only applies to correct use and interpretation of the UL standard, but also proper applicat ...
16 Transformer and Transformer-feeder Protection
16 Transformer and Transformer-feeder Protection

... e. system fault level The very high flux densities quoted above are so far beyond the normal working range that the incremental relative permeability of the core approximates to unity and the inductance of the winding falls to a value near that of the 'air-cored' inductance. The current wave, starti ...
ADM1064 数据手册DataSheet 下载
ADM1064 数据手册DataSheet 下载

... sequencing device that offers a single-chip solution for supply monitoring and sequencing in multiple supply systems. In addition to these functions, the ADM1064 integrates a 12-bit ADC that can be used to accurately read back up to 12 separate voltages. The device also provides up to 10 programmabl ...
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Fault tolerance



Fault tolerance is the property that enables a system to continue operating properly in the event of the failure of (or one or more faults within) some of its components. If its operating quality decreases at all, the decrease is proportional to the severity of the failure, as compared to a naively designed system in which even a small failure can cause total breakdown. Fault tolerance is particularly sought after in high-availability or life-critical systems.A fault-tolerant design enables a system to continue its intended operation, possibly at a reduced level, rather than failing completely, when some part of the system fails. The term is most commonly used to describe computer systems designed to continue more or less fully operational with, perhaps, a reduction in throughput or an increase in response time in the event of some partial failure. That is, the system as a whole is not stopped due to problems either in the hardware or the software. An example in another field is a motor vehicle designed so it will continue to be drivable if one of the tires is punctured. A structure is able to retain its integrity in the presence of damage due to causes such as fatigue, corrosion, manufacturing flaws, or impact.Within the scope of an individual system, fault tolerance can be achieved by anticipating exceptional conditions and building the system to cope with them, and, in general, aiming for self-stabilization so that the system converges towards an error-free state. However, if the consequences of a system failure are catastrophic, or the cost of making it sufficiently reliable is very high, a better solution may be to use some form of duplication. In any case, if the consequence of a system failure is so catastrophic, the system must be able to use reversion to fall back to a safe mode. This is similar to roll-back recovery but can be a human action if humans are present in the loop.
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