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Cytotoxic Therapy Administration
Cytotoxic Therapy Administration

... the patient/family have received information about their proposed course of treatment. Information includes but is not limited to: • nature of illness and goal of chemotherapy • proposed treatment plan • review of significant risks, associated side effects and toxicity • self care measures necessary ...
Facts about Duchenne and Becker Muscular Dystrophies
Facts about Duchenne and Becker Muscular Dystrophies

... and that they should be evaluated every five years starting at age 25 to 30. ...
The purpose of this summary is exclusively educational, to provide
The purpose of this summary is exclusively educational, to provide

... circulatory systems); (iii) is present at significant concentrations in the GI tract, mainly during inflammatory processes (protective vs pathogenic effects are poorly defined); (iv) can have both pro-inflammatory and antiinflammatory effects, depending on which histamine receptor is activated; (v) ...
Ten Ways to Maximize the Benefits of Ear Therapy
Ten Ways to Maximize the Benefits of Ear Therapy

... hydrocortisone), Bur-Otic HC (Virbac; propylene glycol, water, Burrow’s solution, acetic acid, benzalkonium chloride); once every 48–72 hours long term. b. In many allergic patients topical hydrocortisone is often not potent enough to reduce “flares” of allergic otitis. These ears are also quite pro ...
Pulmonary Disease BoarD review manual management of
Pulmonary Disease BoarD review manual management of

... delivered to the large airways without reaching the distal portions of the bronchial tree. Based on this rationale, systemic administration (either oral or parenteral) is preferred. The use of inhaled antibiotics as adjuvant to systemic therapy is still controversial since it has not been shown to i ...
Early Onset of Severe Familial Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis with a
Early Onset of Severe Familial Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis with a

... appears well tolerated, and, despite a discrete loss of muscle strength, the mice appear healthy and reach normal age in the absence of any signs of motoneuron disease. In the human CNTF gene, a guanineradenine transition in the splice acceptor site of exon 2 has been ...
Plasma-Derived FVIII Product Properties Chart
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... ALPHANATE® (antihemophilic factor/von Willebrand factor complex [human]) is contraindicated in patients who have manifested life-threatening immediate hypersensitivity reactions, including anaphylaxis, to the product or its components. Anaphylaxis and severe hypersensitivity reactions are possible w ...
Linkage, Recombination, and the Mapping of Genes on Chromosomes
Linkage, Recombination, and the Mapping of Genes on Chromosomes

... quite often. Geneticists can use data about how often genes separate during transmission to map the genes’ relative locations on a chromosome. Such mapping is a key to sorting out and tracking down the components of complex genetic networks; it is also crucial to geneticists’ ability to isolate and ...
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... the proportion of methylated CpG sites can vary greatly over a genome. Repeated sequences tend to be the most heavily methylated, while CpG-rich regulatory regions are almost exclusively unmethylated in all human tissues. As DNA methylation is vital for the normal functioning of organism, changes in ...
Chaperone-dependent gene expression of organic
Chaperone-dependent gene expression of organic

... In order to prepare a clonable size of genomic DNA, small scale reactions were carried out to digest the DNA into 2–10 kb fragments [12]. The plasmid was digested with BamH1 in order to generate compatible ends for ligation with genomic DNA partially digested with MboI, as described by Wu et al. [12 ...
Congenital hereditary cataracts
Congenital hereditary cataracts

... congenital, human cataracts with the corresponding mouse models. First, early events will be influenced by genes coding for transcription factors like Pax6, Pitx3, Maf or Sox. If the lens is maturing, mutations affecting the lens membranes (aquaporins/Mip, Lim-2 or connexins) or the structural prote ...


... Hemophilia unfortunately a less attracted disease for researchers compared to other life threatening diseases. The prevalence of hemophilia is estimated to be about 1:10,000 birth and that of the severe form of the disease to be about 6% per 1,00,000 population. The most pathetic part of this diseas ...
Analysis of acid-induced asr gene promoter of Enterobacteriaceae
Analysis of acid-induced asr gene promoter of Enterobacteriaceae

... In order to survive and adapt to changing environmental conditions, microorganisms have developed molecular regulatory networks that modulate gene expression in response to external signals [1]. Transcriptional analysis has demonstrated that operation of these networks depends on the physiological s ...
Slide 1
Slide 1

... such cases, it is known that both parents are carriers, and since only female children require prenatal treatment, the probability that the current fetus is affected is 1 in 8. Treatment of the mother with glucocorticoids must begin at 6 to 7 weeks of gestation, at which time it is almost never know ...
SOD is an enzyme with four different types of metal
SOD is an enzyme with four different types of metal

... radicals and other ‘reactive oxygen species’ are controlled by a complex web of antioxidant defenses, which minimize oxidation damage to bio-molecules. In human diseases, this ‘oxidant– antioxidant’ balance is in favor of the reactive oxygen species increasing oxidative damage. In scientific/biomed ...
Bacteremic Pneumococccal Pneumonia: Current Therapeutic Options Charles Feldman and Ronald Anderson
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... be decreasing in countries such as the USA since the introduction of pneumococcal conjugate vaccination in children [8]. Some studies have suggested that there are few differences in the presentation of bacteremic and non-bacteremic pneumococcal pneumonia [9]. However, a more recent study comparing ...
phylogenetic analysis of the rompb genes of rickettsia felis and
phylogenetic analysis of the rompb genes of rickettsia felis and

... of two North American flying squirrel strains and two European human strains of Rickettsia prowazekii. We sequenced 5,226 base pairs (bp) of the R. felis rompB, encoding a protein of 1,654 amino acids. We also sequenced 5,015 bp of rompB of the flying squirrel strains, encoding a protein of 1,643 am ...
Wheat biotechnology: A minireview
Wheat biotechnology: A minireview

... the early 60’s, conventional breeding coupled with improved farm management practices led to a significant increase in world wheat production thereby ushering in the green revolution. Subsequently, the targets of genetic improvement shifted to reducing yield variability caused by various biotic and ...
Targeting a genetic defect: cystic fibrosis transmembrane
Targeting a genetic defect: cystic fibrosis transmembrane

... and transfer of the CFTR protein to the apical membrane of epithelial cells, as well as influencing the gating or conductance of chloride and bicarbonate ions through the channel. CFTR dysfunction results in ionic imbalance of epithelial secretions in several organ systems, such as the pancreas, gas ...
Genomic structure, chromosomal localization, and conserved alternative splice forms of thrombopoietin
Genomic structure, chromosomal localization, and conserved alternative splice forms of thrombopoietin

... The publication costs of this article were defrayed in part by page human gene is localized to chromosome 3q27-28, a region charge payment. This article must therefore be hereby marked of the long arm of chromosome 3, previously associated “advertisement” in accordance with 18 U.S.C. section 1734 so ...
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GERD

...  Persistent suspected GERD symptoms that fail to respond to acid suppression  Any new GERD patient over the age of 40  Warning signs: – Weight loss – Anemia or Bleeding – Dysphagia ...
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Hospital-Acquired Pneumonia
Hospital-Acquired Pneumonia

Molecular Evolution of Overlapping Genes
Molecular Evolution of Overlapping Genes

... Overlapping genes are defined as a pair of protein-coding genes whose coding regions overlap on either the same strand or on the opposite strand. The sequence interdependence between two overlapping coding regions adds complexity to almost all molecular evolution analyses. Here, I use a comparative- ...
An Introduction to RNA Interference (RNAi)
An Introduction to RNA Interference (RNAi)

... Prize in Physiology or Medicine, even though they did not show or expect the RNAi mechanism to work in mammalian systems when their early work was performed. Short double-stranded RNAs (dsRNAs) mediate RNAi in human cells Shortly after Fire and Mello’s discovery, dsRNAs were found to induce similar ...
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Gene therapy



Gene therapy is the therapeutic delivery of nucleic acid polymers into a patient's cells as a drug to treat disease. Gene therapy could be a way to fix a genetic problem at its source. The polymers are either expressed as proteins, interfere with protein expression, or possibly correct genetic mutations.The most common form uses DNA that encodes a functional, therapeutic gene to replace a mutated gene. The polymer molecule is packaged within a ""vector"", which carries the molecule inside cells.Gene therapy was conceptualized in 1972, by authors who urged caution before commencing human gene therapy studies. By the late 1980s the technology had already been extensively used on animals, and the first genetic modification of a living human occurred on a trial basis in May 1989 , and the first gene therapy experiment approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) occurred on September 14, 1990, when Ashanti DeSilva was treated for ADA-SCID. By January 2014, some 2,000 clinical trials had been conducted or approved.Early clinical failures led to dismissals of gene therapy. Clinical successes since 2006 regained researchers' attention, although as of 2014, it was still largely an experimental technique. These include treatment of retinal disease Leber's congenital amaurosis, X-linked SCID, ADA-SCID, adrenoleukodystrophy, chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL), multiple myeloma, haemophilia and Parkinson's disease. Between 2013 and April 2014, US companies invested over $600 million in the field.The first commercial gene therapy, Gendicine, was approved in China in 2003 for the treatment of certain cancers. In 2011 Neovasculgen was registered in Russia as the first-in-class gene-therapy drug for treatment of peripheral artery disease, including critical limb ischemia.In 2012 Glybera, a treatment for a rare inherited disorder, became the first treatment to be approved for clinical use in either Europe or the United States after its endorsement by the European Commission.
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