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PowerPoint 簡報 - Academia Sinica
PowerPoint 簡報 - Academia Sinica

... native protein provided the sequence is not buried in the interior of the protein. • Discontinuous epitopes consist of a group of amino acids that are not contiguous but are brought together by folding of the peptide chain or by the juxtaposition of two separate polypeptide chains. Anti-peptide anti ...
Type III Secretion System
Type III Secretion System

...  The effector genes are not linked between species showing that they are independent of the genes for TTSS protein secretion  This allows the bacteria to adapt to host countermeasures or to a new host  This is an important process because each different type of bacteria has a preferential niche, ...
Amino Acids - Chemistry Courses: About
Amino Acids - Chemistry Courses: About

... • DG might be 40 kJ/mol for small protein (about 2 H-bonds) • Hydrophobic effect is important...but the most important? ...
Study Questions for Biophysics: A Physiological Approach
Study Questions for Biophysics: A Physiological Approach

... 5. What is indicated by the decrease in the value of the dielectric constant in the channel of a protein? 6. If membrane electric fields are strong enough to cause molecular dissociation, how do agonists ever bind to membrane protein receptors? 7. During the propagation of the action potential down ...
An Introduction to Protein Structure Databases
An Introduction to Protein Structure Databases

... The superposition of 2 (or more) 3D structures, so that as many atoms as possible match. Alignment usually only by c-alpha atoms. 3D alignments are not sequence alignments, but they can converted into sequence alignments. Structural alignment also important for evolutionary comparisons and functiona ...
Certificate of Analysis (CoA) Recombinant Human Cardiotrophin-1
Certificate of Analysis (CoA) Recombinant Human Cardiotrophin-1

... Reconstitution: Centrifuge the vial prior to opening. Reconstitute in 20mM Tris, pH 8.0 to a concentration of ≤ 1.0 mg/ml. Do not vortex. This solution can be stored at 2-8°C for up to 1 week. For extended storage, it is recommended to further dilute in a buffer containing a carrier protein (example ...
Role of Cystinosin in Vesicular Trafficking and Membrane Fusion
Role of Cystinosin in Vesicular Trafficking and Membrane Fusion

... verify the way cystinosin is targeted to lysosomes, we will analyze the impact of depletion of different adaptor proteins on the possible mislocalization of cystinosin-GFP to cellular compartments other than lysosomes by confocal microscopy. Our previous study indicates that cystinosin is mainly tar ...
CELL MEMBRANES LEARNING OBJECTIVES • At the end
CELL MEMBRANES LEARNING OBJECTIVES • At the end

... what passes through the membrane. Channel proteins have a polar interior allowing polar molecules to pass through. Carrier proteins bind to a specific molecule to facilitate its passage. PASSIVE TRANSPORT Channel proteins include: -ion channels allow the passage of ions (charged atoms or molecules) ...
Aim and Scope of Organic Chemistry, Composition
Aim and Scope of Organic Chemistry, Composition

... 22. Estimation of 0.5g of an organic compound by liebig’s method increases the weight of potash bulb by 0.6875g. The percentage of carbon in the compound is a) 37.5% ...
Methods S1.
Methods S1.

... isopropanol, and stained with oil red O counterstained with hematoxylin. Macrovesicular fat deposition was defined as the presence of lipid vacuoles that are larger than the nucleus and usually displaces it to the periphery of the cell. Protein extraction and Western blotting. Protein lysates were p ...
protein-protein interactions
protein-protein interactions

... Methods to detect interactions between multiple proteins that form complexes. Do not reveal the precise chemical nature of the interactions but simply report that such interactions take place. The major high-throughput technology: systematic affinity purification followed by mass spectrometry ...
Section Slides
Section Slides

... and also from a region that is more positive to a region that is more negative. The energy released is greater than that of either concentration or charge alone. ...
Model Description Sheet
Model Description Sheet

... According to the World Health Organization, 8.6 million people became ill and 1.3 million died in 2012 from tuberculosis (TB). Thioredoxin A (TrxA) is a binding protein in the bacterium, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the causative agent for TB. TB is prevalent in countries where infectious diseases ha ...
Module 5
Module 5

... against databases of motifs and profiles, or indeed both. Some commonly used programmes are listed below: Pfam is a collection of multiple alignments and profile hidden Markov models of protein domain families, which is based on proteins from both SWISS-PROT and SP-TrEMBL. SMART (a Simple Modular Ar ...
Ch 3 Answers to Applying and Data Questions
Ch 3 Answers to Applying and Data Questions

... and cannot bind the substrate; there is very low activity. Enzyme + RNA: RNA has no effect on enzyme activity, and the reaction can occur much faster (as with enzyme alone). Enzyme + dipeptide: The dipeptide has a –C–C–CO–N–C– structure that is similar to that of the substrate. The dipeptide inhibit ...
076075.Supplemental Data Text
076075.Supplemental Data Text

... The instrument was operated in reflector mode at an accelerating voltage of 20 kV. Sample deposition was performed by spotting onto stainless steel MALDI-target plates, according to a previously described procedure (5). Three cm microcapillarys packed with ...
Supplementary Information (doc 38K)
Supplementary Information (doc 38K)

... Tissue microarray technology for high-throughput molecular profiling of cancer. Hum Mol Genet 2001;10:657-62). Standard tissue sections were also analyzed in some cases. Each case was represented per duplicate in the TMA. Immunohistochemical staining was performed as follows: 2-4-μm-thick paraffinem ...
Fibrous proteins
Fibrous proteins

... Charge-charge interactions between oppositely charged R-groups such as Lys or Arg (positively charged) and Asp or Glu (negatively charged). Ionized R-groups of amino acids with the dipole of the water molecule. ...
Ubiquitin-proteosome protein degradation ppt
Ubiquitin-proteosome protein degradation ppt

... Decrease steady-state levels of aggregate prone proteins in the absence of Usp14 ...
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Anti-Carboxypeptidase A antibody ab115283 Product datasheet 1 Image Overview

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Fluid Mosaic Model
Fluid Mosaic Model

...  Active Transport:  using energy to move a substance against a ...
Af The body uses food (i) for energy, (ii) for growth
Af The body uses food (i) for energy, (ii) for growth

... 1 The body uses food (i) for energy, (ii) for growth (making new cells), (iii) repairing or replacing tissues. 2 Fats and carbohydrates both provide the body with energy but fats can provide twice as much as carbohydrates. Excess fats can be stored in the body but carbohydrates must be changed into ...
10 Food and diet
10 Food and diet

... 1 The body uses food (i) for energy, (ii) for growth (making new cells), (iii) repairing or replacing tissues. 2 Fats and carbohydrates both provide the body with energy but fats can provide twice as much as carbohydrates. Excess fats can be stored in the body but carbohydrates must be changed into ...
doc CHEE_370_HW_1_
doc CHEE_370_HW_1_

... Cells of Escherichia coli take up lactose via the Lac permease system, glucose via the phosphotransferase system, and maltose via an ABC-type transporter. For each of these sugars describe: (i) the components of their transport system, and (ii) the source of energy that drives the transport event. 8 ...
Protein degradation in mouse brain slices
Protein degradation in mouse brain slices

... investigated. Samples were then removed at intervals. Protein was precipitated with trichloroacetic acid to 5% (w/v), rcsuspended and homogenized in I M-NaOH, and the radioactivity determined after extraction with chloroform/ methanol (2: I m v/v). Protein concentrations were determincd by the B C A ...
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Western blot



The western blot (sometimes called the protein immunoblot) is a widely used analytical technique used to detect specific proteins in a sample of tissue homogenate or extract. It uses gel electrophoresis to separate native proteins by 3-D structure or denatured proteins by the length of the polypeptide. The proteins are then transferred to a membrane (typically nitrocellulose or PVDF), where they are stained with antibodies specific to the target protein. The gel electrophoresis step is included in western blot analysis to resolve the issue of the cross-reactivity of antibodies.There are many reagent companies that specialize in providing antibodies (both monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies) against tens of thousands of different proteins. Commercial antibodies can be expensive, although the unbound antibody can be reused between experiments. This method is used in the fields of molecular biology, immunogenetics and other molecular biology disciplines. A number of search engines, such as CiteAb, Antibodypedia, and SeekProducts, are available that can help researchers find suitable antibodies for use in western blotting.Other related techniques include dot blot analysis, immunohistochemistry and immunocytochemistry where antibodies are used to detect proteins in tissues and cells by immunostaining, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).The method originated in the laboratory of Harry Towbin at the Friedrich Miescher Institute. The name western blot was given to the technique by W. Neal Burnette and is a play on the name Southern blot, a technique for DNA detection developed earlier by Edwin Southern. Detection of RNA is termed northern blot and was developed by George Stark at Stanford.
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