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Data mining for important amino acid residues in multiple sequence
Data mining for important amino acid residues in multiple sequence

... theory that utilizes probabilities only. Consequently, these approaches do not consider the similarity of residue pairs, which is a severe limitation. In order to improve these algorithms, H2rs was developed for this thesis. Thus, the M Ivalues originate from the von Neumann entropy (vN E), which ta ...
Advances in Chemical Protein Modification
Advances in Chemical Protein Modification

... nonselective protein modification methods, new chemical tools to access homogeneous proteins for in vitro and in vivo applications have been developed for the modification of natural Cys, Lys, and tyrosine (Tyr) residues. Selected examples of the next generation of Lys modifications are depicted in Sch ...
Structure-based design and functional studies of novel noroviral 3C
Structure-based design and functional studies of novel noroviral 3C

... temporal processing of the HNV and MNV ORF1 polyproteins. Previous studies have reported the crystal structures of HNV and MNV proteases, either alone or in complex with natural substrate peptides and peptide-like inhibitors [13,26–29]. The norovirus NS6 protease is a cysteine protease that adopts a ...
Cholesterol Synthesis
Cholesterol Synthesis

... acids, eicosanoids, retinoids, & various non-polar xenobiotics (drugs & other foreign compounds). Some P450 enzymes have broad substrate specificity.  Mechanisms for detoxification of non-polar compounds include reactions such as hydroxylations that increase polarity, so that the products of these ...
Soybean Meal – An Exceptional Protein Source
Soybean Meal – An Exceptional Protein Source

... Soybean meal has long been considered an outstanding source of supplemental protein in diets for livestock and poultry. In fact, soybean meal is sometimes referred to as the "gold standard" because other protein sources are often compared to it. Soybean meal is rich in highly digestible protein, and ...
Overview of relaxin
Overview of relaxin

- Free Documents
- Free Documents

... into proinsulin. Proinsulin is Iurther cleaved yielding active insulin which is composed oI two peptide chains linked togehter through disulIide bonds. Still other proteins oI the enzyme class are synthesized as inactive precursors called zymogens. Zymogens are activated by proteolytic cleavage such ...
Design and Evaluation of Hydrophobic Ion
Design and Evaluation of Hydrophobic Ion

... peptide and protein drugs. The solubility of a protein molecule is due to presence of charged amino acids present on the surface. HIP complexation is a technique to complex ionizable functional groups of protein and peptide molecules with oppositely charged functional groups of a complex forming age ...
Chapter 27 Amino acid
Chapter 27 Amino acid

... Draw a general amino acid and identify the two functional groups common to all. Classify each amino acid according to the chemical nature of its R group. Define the meaning of an essential amino acid. Draw the reaction that joins two amino acids to form a peptide bond. Describe and differentiate pri ...
Protein metabolism in exercising human with special reference to
Protein metabolism in exercising human with special reference to

... peptide glycylalanine (Gly-Ala) is depicted as being formed by removal of a water molecule when glycine is linked to alanine. Reproduced from Mathews et al. 2000. ...
Amino Acids in Animal Nutrition
Amino Acids in Animal Nutrition

papain, a plant enzyme of biological importance
papain, a plant enzyme of biological importance

... 2009). Catalytic activity of papain involves hydrolysis of proteins with broad specificity for peptide bonds, but preference for an amino acid bearing a large hydrophobic side chain at the P2 position while does not accept Val in P1 (Kamphuis et al., 1985). The enzyme has been reported to be general ...
Eukaryote-Like Serine/Threonine Kinases and Phosphatases in
Eukaryote-Like Serine/Threonine Kinases and Phosphatases in

b156 - IPB Repository - Bogor Agricultural University
b156 - IPB Repository - Bogor Agricultural University

... typical forms of shoyu – koikuchi, tamari and shiro shoyu – can be differentiated, primarily due to their different raw material compositions. These are thought to contribute to the different types and compositions of breakdown products that are released during fermentation, which consequently impar ...
The Bacterial Toxin RelE Displays Codon
The Bacterial Toxin RelE Displays Codon

... of protein synthesis by RelE in vivo. We have found that although RelE does not degrade free RNA, it cleaves mRNA in the ribosomal A site with high codon specificity. Among stop codons UAG is cleaved with fast, UAA intermediate and UGA slow rate, while UCG and CAG are cleaved most rapidly among sens ...
Sensitive Detection of Botulinum Neurotoxin Type A
Sensitive Detection of Botulinum Neurotoxin Type A

... antibody directed towards the heavy chain of botulinum toxin type A (BoNT/A) could be used to capture BoNT/A from complex matrices. Methods Used: Magnetic beads coated with a polyclonal antibody specific for BoNT/A heavy chain, List Prod #730, were used to capture and concentrate the toxin prior to ...
Tryptophan synthase uses an atypical mechanism to achieve
Tryptophan synthase uses an atypical mechanism to achieve

... online prior to technical editing, formatting for publication and author proofing. The American Chemical Society provides “Just Accepted” as a free service to the research community to expedite the dissemination of scientific material as soon as possible after acceptance. “Just Accepted” manuscripts ...
The Heart as an Endocrine Gland
The Heart as an Endocrine Gland

... purification attempts established the polypeptide nature of ANF and the amino acid composition of short (C-terminal) peptides. 3 In June 1983 we isolated and sequenced, among others, a 33-amino acid peptide that is part of a larger molecule containing at least 106 amino acids.*~6 After its sequencin ...
A proteomic study of African elephant milk: Inter
A proteomic study of African elephant milk: Inter

... polymerase where a copy of the DNA template is synthesized in the form of mRNA which contains the base uracil instead of thiamine in DNA. The mRNA which is now the blueprint for the protein and determines the amino acid sequence of the protein it codes for moves to the cytosol and the endoplasmic re ...
Functional characterization of the Mycobacterium
Functional characterization of the Mycobacterium

SURVEY AND SUMMARY A profusion of upstream open reading
SURVEY AND SUMMARY A profusion of upstream open reading

... known effects of this amino acid on translation termination when encoded by the penultimate or last sense codon of an ORF (25). Within each of the four orthologous uCC groups there are additional amino acid positions, largely concentrated near the C-terminus, that are also well conserved and therefor ...
Staphylococcus haemolyticus lipase
Staphylococcus haemolyticus lipase

... shown), implying that no processing of the proenzyme occurred in E. coli cells, although the N-terminal signal sequence of the expressed preproenzyme was correctly removed. The predicted amino acid sequence of S. haemolyticus lipase was compared with those of other staphylococcal lipases using the C ...
Glyphosate pathways to modern diseases V: Amino
Glyphosate pathways to modern diseases V: Amino

... having functionality resembling the activities of cationic antimicrobial peptides [8]. A reactive side chain is attached to the nitrogen of glycine, and such units can be assembled into “peptoid” chains that in many ways resemble peptide chains, except that they are highly resistant to proteolysis. ...
Plant aromatic amino acid decarboxylases
Plant aromatic amino acid decarboxylases

... categories remain almost identical. Due to this high sequence homology, it has historically been difficult to predict the function of any given plant AAAD through sequence comparison. This extensive homology has lead to a major problem in distinguishing activity and substrate specificity from a prim ...
Characters of Chymosin Gene Isolated from Different Animal A. G. Attallah
Characters of Chymosin Gene Isolated from Different Animal A. G. Attallah

... cell as a precursor, the preprochymosin. The preprochymosin is secreted and a leader peptide of 16 amino acids is removed to give rise to prochymosin (inactive) with a molecular mass of 46 kDa. Under the acidic condition of the stomach prochymosin catalyzes the removal of peptide of 42 amino acids f ...
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Ribosomally synthesized and post-translationally modified peptides

Ribosomally synthesized and post-translationally modified peptides (RiPPs), also known as ribosomal natural products, are a diverse class of natural products of ribosomal origin. Consisting of more than 20 sub-classes, RiPPs are produced by a variety of organisms, including prokaryotes, eukaryotes, and archaea, and they possess a wide range of biological functions.As a consequence of the falling cost of genome sequencing and the accompanying rise in available genomic data, scientific interest in RiPPs has increased in the last few decades. Because the chemical structures of RiPPs are more closely predictable from genomic data than are other natural products (e.g. alkaloids, terpenoids), their presence in sequenced organisms can, in theory, be identified rapidly. This makes RiPPs an attractive target of modern natural product discovery efforts.
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