Loop Quantum Gravity in a Nutshell
... string theory (strings instead of point fields. . . ) supergravity (inclusion of supersymmetry. . . ) holographic principle gravity as entropic force and much more. . . LQG: quantize matters and spacetime on the equal footing! (background-independent, non-perturbative) ...
... string theory (strings instead of point fields. . . ) supergravity (inclusion of supersymmetry. . . ) holographic principle gravity as entropic force and much more. . . LQG: quantize matters and spacetime on the equal footing! (background-independent, non-perturbative) ...
DIPLOMA THESIS
... these structures is GaAs/GaAlAs thanks to its properties, e.g. practically the same lattice constant of GaAs and AlAs. Typical parameters of AlGaAs based semiconductors are listed in Table 2.1. Perpendicular magnetic field is studied the most, since Landau levels appear (if we neglect electron-hole ...
... these structures is GaAs/GaAlAs thanks to its properties, e.g. practically the same lattice constant of GaAs and AlAs. Typical parameters of AlGaAs based semiconductors are listed in Table 2.1. Perpendicular magnetic field is studied the most, since Landau levels appear (if we neglect electron-hole ...
Agglomeration Kernel of Bipolar Charged Particles in the Presence
... indicate the number of particle i, j per unit volume, respectively. In this paper, particle i is assumed to be a small particle called a fine particle, while the label j indicates a large particle called a nucleus particle. It should be pointed out that the theory also works for particles of similar ...
... indicate the number of particle i, j per unit volume, respectively. In this paper, particle i is assumed to be a small particle called a fine particle, while the label j indicates a large particle called a nucleus particle. It should be pointed out that the theory also works for particles of similar ...
q -entropies and the entanglement dynamics of two-qubits interacting with an... 408 A. Hamadou-Ibrahim et al.
... the system must be regarded as an open quantum system. In order to succeed in the development of useful quantum information processing devices it is crucial to achieve a complete characterization and understanding, from all possible points of view, of the aforementioned effects arising from the inte ...
... the system must be regarded as an open quantum system. In order to succeed in the development of useful quantum information processing devices it is crucial to achieve a complete characterization and understanding, from all possible points of view, of the aforementioned effects arising from the inte ...
Compendium of Theoretical Physics
... The advantage of our deductive method may be particularly apparent in the second chapter, Electrodynamics. In contrast to many other textbooks, we start with Maxwell’s equations in their most general form. This allows us immediately to see very clearly the structure of this theory. We quickly find th ...
... The advantage of our deductive method may be particularly apparent in the second chapter, Electrodynamics. In contrast to many other textbooks, we start with Maxwell’s equations in their most general form. This allows us immediately to see very clearly the structure of this theory. We quickly find th ...
Renormalization
In quantum field theory, the statistical mechanics of fields, and the theory of self-similar geometric structures, renormalization is any of a collection of techniques used to treat infinities arising in calculated quantities.Renormalization specifies relationships between parameters in the theory when the parameters describing large distance scales differ from the parameters describing small distances. Physically, the pileup of contributions from an infinity of scales involved in a problem may then result in infinities. When describing space and time as a continuum, certain statistical and quantum mechanical constructions are ill defined. To define them, this continuum limit, the removal of the ""construction scaffolding"" of lattices at various scales, has to be taken carefully, as detailed below.Renormalization was first developed in quantum electrodynamics (QED) to make sense of infinite integrals in perturbation theory. Initially viewed as a suspect provisional procedure even by some of its originators, renormalization eventually was embraced as an important and self-consistent actual mechanism of scale physics in several fields of physics and mathematics. Today, the point of view has shifted: on the basis of the breakthrough renormalization group insights of Kenneth Wilson, the focus is on variation of physical quantities across contiguous scales, while distant scales are related to each other through ""effective"" descriptions. All scales are linked in a broadly systematic way, and the actual physics pertinent to each is extracted with the suitable specific computational techniques appropriate for each.