Electron Configuration of Atoms
... Periodicity of Electron Configurations • The principal energy level number, the number that comes before the sublevel letter designation, is the same as the period number for the s and p sublevels. • For the d sublevels, the principal energy level number is one less than the period number. Why? ...
... Periodicity of Electron Configurations • The principal energy level number, the number that comes before the sublevel letter designation, is the same as the period number for the s and p sublevels. • For the d sublevels, the principal energy level number is one less than the period number. Why? ...
Selected Topics in Teleparallel Gravity
... gravitation can be described by a gauge theory [1]. The teleparallel equivalent of general relativity [2], or teleparallel gravity for short [3], can indeed be understood as a gauge theory for the translation group. In this approach, the gravitational interaction is described by a force similar to t ...
... gravitation can be described by a gauge theory [1]. The teleparallel equivalent of general relativity [2], or teleparallel gravity for short [3], can indeed be understood as a gauge theory for the translation group. In this approach, the gravitational interaction is described by a force similar to t ...
a pedagogical / historical introduction (D. Downes)
... The filter takes one QM state and gives you another (like an ``operator’’ on a Hilbert space). The filter convolves 2 delta-functions of position with the original state to give you a different state on the other side of the 2 slits. In contrast, you give the detector a QM state, and it gives ...
... The filter takes one QM state and gives you another (like an ``operator’’ on a Hilbert space). The filter convolves 2 delta-functions of position with the original state to give you a different state on the other side of the 2 slits. In contrast, you give the detector a QM state, and it gives ...
URL - StealthSkater
... decomposition of space-time surfaces to p-adic space-time sheets should also be coded by infinite hyper-octonionic primes. Infinite primes could even have a representation as hyperquaternionic 4-surfaces of 8-D hyper-octonionic imbedding space. 2. The second view is based on the idea that infinitely ...
... decomposition of space-time surfaces to p-adic space-time sheets should also be coded by infinite hyper-octonionic primes. Infinite primes could even have a representation as hyperquaternionic 4-surfaces of 8-D hyper-octonionic imbedding space. 2. The second view is based on the idea that infinitely ...
P30 Learner Outcomes
... observed spectra of atoms and molecules 30–D2.5k calculate the energy difference between states, using the law of conservation of energy and the observed characteristics of an emitted photon 30–D2.6k explain, qualitatively, how electron diffraction provides experimental support for the de Broglie hy ...
... observed spectra of atoms and molecules 30–D2.5k calculate the energy difference between states, using the law of conservation of energy and the observed characteristics of an emitted photon 30–D2.6k explain, qualitatively, how electron diffraction provides experimental support for the de Broglie hy ...
Renormalization
In quantum field theory, the statistical mechanics of fields, and the theory of self-similar geometric structures, renormalization is any of a collection of techniques used to treat infinities arising in calculated quantities.Renormalization specifies relationships between parameters in the theory when the parameters describing large distance scales differ from the parameters describing small distances. Physically, the pileup of contributions from an infinity of scales involved in a problem may then result in infinities. When describing space and time as a continuum, certain statistical and quantum mechanical constructions are ill defined. To define them, this continuum limit, the removal of the ""construction scaffolding"" of lattices at various scales, has to be taken carefully, as detailed below.Renormalization was first developed in quantum electrodynamics (QED) to make sense of infinite integrals in perturbation theory. Initially viewed as a suspect provisional procedure even by some of its originators, renormalization eventually was embraced as an important and self-consistent actual mechanism of scale physics in several fields of physics and mathematics. Today, the point of view has shifted: on the basis of the breakthrough renormalization group insights of Kenneth Wilson, the focus is on variation of physical quantities across contiguous scales, while distant scales are related to each other through ""effective"" descriptions. All scales are linked in a broadly systematic way, and the actual physics pertinent to each is extracted with the suitable specific computational techniques appropriate for each.