Pharmacologyonline 3: 7-22 (2011) Newsletter Tamboli et al.
... nicotine-evoked DA release, indicating that it acts as an antagonist at nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) [24]. Application of lobeline releases norepinephrine (NE) from the cytoplasm which may be due to the vesicular uptake inhibition and a reversal of the plasma membrane carrier. Lobeline a ...
... nicotine-evoked DA release, indicating that it acts as an antagonist at nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) [24]. Application of lobeline releases norepinephrine (NE) from the cytoplasm which may be due to the vesicular uptake inhibition and a reversal of the plasma membrane carrier. Lobeline a ...
Synthetic drugs: Popular but dangerous
... Synthetic marijuana can be smoked in a joint or a pipe, just like the regular kind. “The main reason this product has become so popular is that it’s legal,” Cannon said. “It also does not show up in a standard urine drug test.” That’s one reason some people who smoke regular marijuana prefer the syn ...
... Synthetic marijuana can be smoked in a joint or a pipe, just like the regular kind. “The main reason this product has become so popular is that it’s legal,” Cannon said. “It also does not show up in a standard urine drug test.” That’s one reason some people who smoke regular marijuana prefer the syn ...
Module 1. General pharmacology. Drugs affecting peripheral and
... depending on the chemical structure, mechanism of action, the timing on the pharmaceutical market (generation). The mechanisms of action of modern antiallergic drugs because of their influence on allergies, including places of action of mast cell stabilizers, corticosteroids, H1histamine blockers, s ...
... depending on the chemical structure, mechanism of action, the timing on the pharmaceutical market (generation). The mechanisms of action of modern antiallergic drugs because of their influence on allergies, including places of action of mast cell stabilizers, corticosteroids, H1histamine blockers, s ...
Tuberculosis
... It is estimated that between 2000 and 2020, nearly one billion people will be newly infected, 200 million people will get sick, and 35 million will die from TB - if control is not further strengthened. The mechanisms, pathogenesis, and prophylaxis knowledge is minimal. After a century of decline TB ...
... It is estimated that between 2000 and 2020, nearly one billion people will be newly infected, 200 million people will get sick, and 35 million will die from TB - if control is not further strengthened. The mechanisms, pathogenesis, and prophylaxis knowledge is minimal. After a century of decline TB ...
Document
... many chronic diseases (e.g diabetes, hypertension, asthma). • All addictive substances act an one area of the brain (the ventrotegmental tract or reward system) ...
... many chronic diseases (e.g diabetes, hypertension, asthma). • All addictive substances act an one area of the brain (the ventrotegmental tract or reward system) ...
Adrenoceptor Blocking Agents
... Reversible Alpha Blockers Competitive blockers. Rapid onset of blockade. Surmountable by high concentrations of alpha-1 agonists Phentolamine and Tolazoline (Imidazoline derivatives). Non-selective for alpha-1 and alpha2 receptors. Duration of several hours. They also activate histamine receptors ...
... Reversible Alpha Blockers Competitive blockers. Rapid onset of blockade. Surmountable by high concentrations of alpha-1 agonists Phentolamine and Tolazoline (Imidazoline derivatives). Non-selective for alpha-1 and alpha2 receptors. Duration of several hours. They also activate histamine receptors ...
GI Drugs
... Mechanism: irreversibly inhibits H/K proton pump; a prodrug that is activated at pH <2 o Enteric-coated capsule protects activation in stomach absorbed in SI travels in blood reaches parietal cell where it activates at pH <2 Pharmacokinetics: Maximum effect in 2 hours; upon cessation Acid ...
... Mechanism: irreversibly inhibits H/K proton pump; a prodrug that is activated at pH <2 o Enteric-coated capsule protects activation in stomach absorbed in SI travels in blood reaches parietal cell where it activates at pH <2 Pharmacokinetics: Maximum effect in 2 hours; upon cessation Acid ...
Sedative-hypnotics
... P’kinetics: rapidly absorbed; extensive first pass metabolism (bioavailability of only 1.8%); high fat food decreases the C max; hepatic metabolism via CYP1A2, 2C9 & 3A4; eliminated in the ...
... P’kinetics: rapidly absorbed; extensive first pass metabolism (bioavailability of only 1.8%); high fat food decreases the C max; hepatic metabolism via CYP1A2, 2C9 & 3A4; eliminated in the ...
Parkinsonism
... Two types of monoamine oxidase (MAO) have been distinguished. Monoamine oxidase (A) metabolizes norepinephrine and serotonin; monoamine oxidase (B) metabolizes dopamine. Selegiline: Mechanism of action: • Selective inhibitor of monoamine oxidase B (retards the breakdown of dopamine). Given alone, it ...
... Two types of monoamine oxidase (MAO) have been distinguished. Monoamine oxidase (A) metabolizes norepinephrine and serotonin; monoamine oxidase (B) metabolizes dopamine. Selegiline: Mechanism of action: • Selective inhibitor of monoamine oxidase B (retards the breakdown of dopamine). Given alone, it ...
Etotio
... Non-Selective COX Inhibitors-Musculo-Skeletal system drugs combination. ATC code: M01BX. Mechanism of Action: Etodolak is a non-steroid anti-inflammatory (NSAI) drug that has anti-inflammatory, anti-pyretic and analgesic activities in animal models. As with other NSAI drugs, the mechanism of action ...
... Non-Selective COX Inhibitors-Musculo-Skeletal system drugs combination. ATC code: M01BX. Mechanism of Action: Etodolak is a non-steroid anti-inflammatory (NSAI) drug that has anti-inflammatory, anti-pyretic and analgesic activities in animal models. As with other NSAI drugs, the mechanism of action ...
5HT1F- and 5HT7-Receptor Agonists for the Treatment of Migraines
... parts of the trigeminovascular system only for 5-HT1 subtypes, the 5-HT1B and 5-HT1D in particular. The main action of sumatriptan, the first among several compounds classified into this triptan class of medications, was found to be on activation of these receptor subtypes (5-HT1B, 5-HT1D). Unnfortu ...
... parts of the trigeminovascular system only for 5-HT1 subtypes, the 5-HT1B and 5-HT1D in particular. The main action of sumatriptan, the first among several compounds classified into this triptan class of medications, was found to be on activation of these receptor subtypes (5-HT1B, 5-HT1D). Unnfortu ...
Initiation of Antidepressants in Primary Care
... Important Considerations Patient has significant distress/impaired function Patient has no capacity to cope with problem Patient is motivated for treatment Patient has thoughts or intentions of suicide Consider in-patient referral ...
... Important Considerations Patient has significant distress/impaired function Patient has no capacity to cope with problem Patient is motivated for treatment Patient has thoughts or intentions of suicide Consider in-patient referral ...
Chapter 16. Side Effects of Drugs in Sjögren`s Syndrome
... that tests can be carried out to find out if this is indeed the case. Please note that both hydroxychloroquine (Plaquenil®) and chloroquine (Nivaquine®) belong to the chloroquine group in this list. Table 16.2 lists a number of drugs known to sometimes exacerbate an existing MG or trigger symptoms ...
... that tests can be carried out to find out if this is indeed the case. Please note that both hydroxychloroquine (Plaquenil®) and chloroquine (Nivaquine®) belong to the chloroquine group in this list. Table 16.2 lists a number of drugs known to sometimes exacerbate an existing MG or trigger symptoms ...
170 KB
... Clearance of bromhexine or its metabolites may be reduced in patients with severe hepatic or renal impairment. Bromhexine may increase the amount of antibiotic penetration. Antibiotics are medicines used to treat infections. Interactions with Other Medicaments Bromhexine may increase the concentrati ...
... Clearance of bromhexine or its metabolites may be reduced in patients with severe hepatic or renal impairment. Bromhexine may increase the amount of antibiotic penetration. Antibiotics are medicines used to treat infections. Interactions with Other Medicaments Bromhexine may increase the concentrati ...
Terminology and information on drugs
... opium poppy are not comprehensive listings, but focus on those substances which are of interest from a drug control point of view. 3. Average doses are highly dependent on the past drug experience of the user, i.e. in extreme cases they may strongly surpass the dose range given. 4. The lists of phar ...
... opium poppy are not comprehensive listings, but focus on those substances which are of interest from a drug control point of view. 3. Average doses are highly dependent on the past drug experience of the user, i.e. in extreme cases they may strongly surpass the dose range given. 4. The lists of phar ...
Drugs for respiratory system
... neoplasia, the cough reflex may become inappropriately stimulated and in such cases, antitussive drugs may be used. ...
... neoplasia, the cough reflex may become inappropriately stimulated and in such cases, antitussive drugs may be used. ...
Department of Pharmacology
... butyrophenones, dihydroindolones, dibenzoazepines, diphenylbutylpiperidines, dibenzodiazepines, thienobenzodiazepines, benziosoxazoles, other atypical antipsychotic drugs). General therapeutic uses. Implications for dentistry. Antidepressants- pharmacologic effects, pharmacokinetics, adverse effects ...
... butyrophenones, dihydroindolones, dibenzoazepines, diphenylbutylpiperidines, dibenzodiazepines, thienobenzodiazepines, benziosoxazoles, other atypical antipsychotic drugs). General therapeutic uses. Implications for dentistry. Antidepressants- pharmacologic effects, pharmacokinetics, adverse effects ...
2-Ocular pharmacology and toxicology
... • Acute, painful increases of pressure due to occlusion of the outflow drainage pathway • emergency situation that require treatment before surgery (Iridectomy) The use of drugs is limited to : • Oral Acetazolamide • Topical cholinomimetics e.g.: pilocarpine • Osmotic agents: hypertonic solution( Ma ...
... • Acute, painful increases of pressure due to occlusion of the outflow drainage pathway • emergency situation that require treatment before surgery (Iridectomy) The use of drugs is limited to : • Oral Acetazolamide • Topical cholinomimetics e.g.: pilocarpine • Osmotic agents: hypertonic solution( Ma ...
Case Presentation - EZ
... • Alpha-2 receptors are located presynaptically in sympathetic nerve endings and in noradrenergic neurons in the CNS. • Stimulation of these receptors creates a negative feedback loop and decreases the release of norepinephrine. www.dexmedatomidine.com ...
... • Alpha-2 receptors are located presynaptically in sympathetic nerve endings and in noradrenergic neurons in the CNS. • Stimulation of these receptors creates a negative feedback loop and decreases the release of norepinephrine. www.dexmedatomidine.com ...
Elicited Behavior and Classical Conditioning
... inflammation. Along with naproxen and ketoprofen, ibuprofen belongs to the propionic acid class of NSAIDs. It was first made available in 1967. Like other NSAIDs, it acts by inhibiting the body's production of prostaglandins. Available over the counter in a variety of preparations (e.g., Advil, Motr ...
... inflammation. Along with naproxen and ketoprofen, ibuprofen belongs to the propionic acid class of NSAIDs. It was first made available in 1967. Like other NSAIDs, it acts by inhibiting the body's production of prostaglandins. Available over the counter in a variety of preparations (e.g., Advil, Motr ...
dermatology - Bradford VTS
... Consider underlying lymphoma. Consider drugs - opiates, digoxin, barbiturates, clofibrate, flurazepam, chloroquine (blacks). ...
... Consider underlying lymphoma. Consider drugs - opiates, digoxin, barbiturates, clofibrate, flurazepam, chloroquine (blacks). ...
OPIATES
... Withdrawal Syndrome: Watery eyes, Runny nose, Cramps, Diarrhea, Loss of Appetite, Nausea Tremors, Chills, Sweating, Goose bumps Symptoms begin 6 to 10 hours following withdrawal, peak at 36 to 48 hours, subside after 6 to 10 days ...
... Withdrawal Syndrome: Watery eyes, Runny nose, Cramps, Diarrhea, Loss of Appetite, Nausea Tremors, Chills, Sweating, Goose bumps Symptoms begin 6 to 10 hours following withdrawal, peak at 36 to 48 hours, subside after 6 to 10 days ...
Psychopharmacology
Psychopharmacology (from Greek ψῡχή, psȳkhē, ""breath, life, soul""; φάρμακον, pharmakon, ""drug""; and -λογία, -logia) is the scientific study of the effects drugs have on mood, sensation, thinking, and behavior. It is distinguished from neuropsychopharmacology, which emphasizes the correlation between drug-induced changes in the functioning of cells in the nervous system and changes in consciousness and behavior.The field of psychopharmacology studies a wide range of substances with various types of psychoactive properties, focusing primarily on the chemical interactions with the brain.Psychoactive drugs interact with particular target sites or receptors found in the nervous system to induce widespread changes in physiological or psychological functions. The specific interaction between drugs and their receptors is referred to as ""drug action"", and the widespread changes in physiological or psychological function is referred to as ""drug effect"". These drugs may originate from natural sources such as plants and animals, or from artificial sources such as chemical synthesis in the laboratory.