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Antipsychotic dosing: found in translation
Antipsychotic dosing: found in translation

... was serendipitous, as chlorpromazine was initially being investigated for its potential presurgery anesthetic properties.3–5 Chlorpromazine itself was characterized by a heterogeneous receptor binding profile,7 and it was not until the late 1950s that attention turned to the relationship between ant ...
Serotonergic Modulation of Inspiratory Hypoglossal Motoneurons in
Serotonergic Modulation of Inspiratory Hypoglossal Motoneurons in

... when raphe neurons are active, and may increase HMN activity, whereas withdrawal of 5-HT, in particular during REM sleep when raphe neurons are inactive, may decrease HMN activity. This decreased activity is thought to contribute to the loss of muscle tone in the tongue and to compromise upper airwa ...
NMDJ part II
NMDJ part II

... and cylooxygenase-2 (COX-2) which leads to the inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis leading to decreased formation of precursors of prostaglandins and thromboxanes from arachidonic acid. The resultant reduction in prostaglandin synthesis and activity may be at least partially responsible for many o ...
ROSE AHF
ROSE AHF

... ● Previous small studies suggest that low dose nesiritide (0.005 g/kg/min without bolus) may have renal specific actions which enhance decongestion and preserve renal function during diuretic therapy in AHF. ...
Bipolar Disorder and Substance Use Disorder 1) A person is
Bipolar Disorder and Substance Use Disorder 1) A person is

... and create a _____ cycle of substance use where alcohol or drug use is followed by a phase of recovery after intoxication or feeling high, followed by further depression and by more substance use to feel better. a) Perpetual b) Positive c) Feedback d) Negative 22) Which type of therapy for patients ...
Dr. Reddy Qs - Website of Neelay Gandhi
Dr. Reddy Qs - Website of Neelay Gandhi

... b) in premature children it can produce c.v. collapse, hypothermia, hypotonia, distension of the abdomen, irregular respir. & ashen gray cyanosis. c) photosensitivity is very frequent. d) well distributed, crosses BBB, serous cavities & secreted into milk. e) due to very serious toxic effect usually ...
GI Pharmacology Review
GI Pharmacology Review

... - E class (PGE1 and PGE2) have cytoprotective and gastric acid an tisecretory properties. - M echanism s (enhance mucosal defenses vs acid erosion) - Stimulation of gastric acid mucus secretion - Stim ulation of g astric and duodenal bicarbonate secretion - Preservation of gastric mucosal blood flow ...
Graedons` Guide To - HealthCentral.com
Graedons` Guide To - HealthCentral.com

... acid-suppressing drugs could raise blood alcohol levels, but there is no consensus whether this is significant. If heartburn warrants a doctor's attention, a powerful acid suppressor such as Prilosec (omeprazole) or Prevacid (lansoprazole) may be prescribed. These proton-pump inhibitors prevent the ...
Medication used in the Treatment of Parkinson`s
Medication used in the Treatment of Parkinson`s

... dopamine that is lost in Parkinson’s. The drugs are usually started at a low dose and increased slowly to reduce any possible side effects. Several clinical studies have shown that dopamine agonists can be effective treatments for several years when used alone and the likelihood of developing dyskin ...
Drug Interactions Every Health Care Provider Should Know
Drug Interactions Every Health Care Provider Should Know

... transporter with interactions similar to that of CYP3A4; notable example is digoxin as substrate and carvedilol or quinidine as P-gp inhibitors resulting in prolonged digoxin effect The Medical Letter, 2003; (45): 46-48 ...
Drugs used for Alzheimer disease
Drugs used for Alzheimer disease

... Acute intoxication with alcohol, narcotics, or other psychoactive substances Ataxia Severe hypoventilation Acute narrowangle glaucoma Severe liver deficiencies (hepatitis and liver cirrhosis decrease elimination by a factor of 2) Severe sleep apnea Hypersensitivity or allergy to any drug in the benz ...
Drug Detoxification revisited
Drug Detoxification revisited

... Asturian technique ...
Non-opioid Analgesics and Adjuvants
Non-opioid Analgesics and Adjuvants

... • Risk for hepatotoxicity at high doses – Increased risk with liver disease or chronic alcoholism ...
NSAIDs: Friend or Foe
NSAIDs: Friend or Foe

Treatment Option Considerations - College of Veterinary Medicine
Treatment Option Considerations - College of Veterinary Medicine

... Ultrasound and/or Endogenous ACTH. Procedures to rule out primary adrenal tumor presence. Melatonin. Often used as a first treatment, especially if alopecia is present, since it is cheap, has few side effects and is available in health food stores or via nutrient suppliers on the Internet. Typically ...
NSAIDs: Friend or Foe
NSAIDs: Friend or Foe

adrenevive - Ortho Molecular Products
adrenevive - Ortho Molecular Products

... support the “resistance” reaction. Extended periods of stress not only burden the system, creating an imbalance in cortisol and DHEA production, but can result in mental and physical fatigue, nervous tension, irritability and poor memory- all of which are characteristic of stage 3. AdreneVive provid ...
The Role of Urine Drug Testing In Chronic Pain
The Role of Urine Drug Testing In Chronic Pain

... The most important limitation to understand is that a UDM result cannot determine exposure time, dose, or frequency of drug use, and certainly cannot be used to diagnose addiction. Test results should not in themselves dictate therapeutic decisions, but must be interpreted in the context of addition ...
Patient Information
Patient Information

... The usual adult dose is 10 mg once daily, for adults less than 65 years of age. The dose may be increased by your doctor to a maximum of 20 mg per day or lowered to a minimum of 5 mg per day, depending in how you respond and how well you tolerate treatment. Patients 65 years of age or older The star ...
Microneedles - cloudfront.net
Microneedles - cloudfront.net

St. Michael`s/U of T Presentation Template
St. Michael`s/U of T Presentation Template

Rozerem - Takeda
Rozerem - Takeda

... Geriatric Use A total of 654 subjects in double-blind, placebo-controlled, efficacy trials who received ROZEREM were at least 65 years of age; of these, 199 were 75 years of age or older. No overall differences in safety or efficacy were observed between elderly and younger adult subjects. A double- ...
Pharm Chapter 15 [4-20
Pharm Chapter 15 [4-20

... terminal, and so they help to regulate excitatory neurotransmitter release o Drugs that inhibit HVA calcium channels tend to be pleiotropic, but are used mainly for focal seizures Ethosuximide – a specific T-type calcium channel blocker o Ethosuximide is often the first-line therapy for absence seiz ...
Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs, Disease
Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs, Disease

... • They suppress the responsiveness of T lymphocytes to nitrogens, decrease leukocyte chemotaxis, stabilize lysosomal membranes, inhibit DNA & RNA synthesis and trap free radicals • Effects are seen after 12-24 weeks • Other indications: juvenile chronic arthritis, Sjogren’s syndrome, SLE ...
Marijuana Is Not Good Medicine
Marijuana Is Not Good Medicine

... many individuals to seek other drugs of abuse that may be more potent, i.e., the “gateway effect” [3]. This particular individual, with a history of polysubstance dependence, will be no exception. Rather, he will be much more likely to relapse with the other drugs of abuse to which he has been addic ...
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Psychopharmacology



Psychopharmacology (from Greek ψῡχή, psȳkhē, ""breath, life, soul""; φάρμακον, pharmakon, ""drug""; and -λογία, -logia) is the scientific study of the effects drugs have on mood, sensation, thinking, and behavior. It is distinguished from neuropsychopharmacology, which emphasizes the correlation between drug-induced changes in the functioning of cells in the nervous system and changes in consciousness and behavior.The field of psychopharmacology studies a wide range of substances with various types of psychoactive properties, focusing primarily on the chemical interactions with the brain.Psychoactive drugs interact with particular target sites or receptors found in the nervous system to induce widespread changes in physiological or psychological functions. The specific interaction between drugs and their receptors is referred to as ""drug action"", and the widespread changes in physiological or psychological function is referred to as ""drug effect"". These drugs may originate from natural sources such as plants and animals, or from artificial sources such as chemical synthesis in the laboratory.
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