100 Essential Drugs - University of Toledo
... where it is chemically reduced and products of reduction cause death by interacting with DNA and interfering with cell division I: amebic infections, DOC for trichomoniasis and giardiasis, Tx of Bacteroides fragilis, Clostridium difficile, and Gardnerella vaginalis UT: disulfiram-like reaction with ...
... where it is chemically reduced and products of reduction cause death by interacting with DNA and interfering with cell division I: amebic infections, DOC for trichomoniasis and giardiasis, Tx of Bacteroides fragilis, Clostridium difficile, and Gardnerella vaginalis UT: disulfiram-like reaction with ...
Opioid Receptors and Legal Highs - The Salvia divinorum Research
... demonstrated to have pharmacological activity consistent with known KOR agonists including analgesia, sedation, inhibition of GI transit, aversion, and depressant effects (19–24). The mechanism by which the KOR produces hallucinations is unknown, but its role in diseases of perception, including sch ...
... demonstrated to have pharmacological activity consistent with known KOR agonists including analgesia, sedation, inhibition of GI transit, aversion, and depressant effects (19–24). The mechanism by which the KOR produces hallucinations is unknown, but its role in diseases of perception, including sch ...
Rational Pharmacology
... pharmacology,“I’ and clinical iliimunology’~~‘H over the last 20 years. This activity stands in marked contrast to the regrettable f‘act that the wealth of’ consistent data in this field’-lx is not widely appreciated by anesthesiologists in daily practice. Unwanted histamine release reactions appear ...
... pharmacology,“I’ and clinical iliimunology’~~‘H over the last 20 years. This activity stands in marked contrast to the regrettable f‘act that the wealth of’ consistent data in this field’-lx is not widely appreciated by anesthesiologists in daily practice. Unwanted histamine release reactions appear ...
Synergistic interactions between Fenfluramine and
... are represented along the x and y axes, respectively. The solid line represents the theoretical dose additive line: that is, combinations of doses tested along this line should yield a 50% suppression of eating in rats. The two open circles in the ®gure represent the ED50 value of one drug in combin ...
... are represented along the x and y axes, respectively. The solid line represents the theoretical dose additive line: that is, combinations of doses tested along this line should yield a 50% suppression of eating in rats. The two open circles in the ®gure represent the ED50 value of one drug in combin ...
Corticotropin-Releasing Factor: Physiology, Pharmacology, And
... addition, the known members of this neuropeptide receptor family also belong to the superfamily of G-protein coupled receptors; thus far, all have been shown to stimulate adenylate cyclase in response to their respective agonist activation. The CRF1 receptor was cloned first from a human Cushing’s c ...
... addition, the known members of this neuropeptide receptor family also belong to the superfamily of G-protein coupled receptors; thus far, all have been shown to stimulate adenylate cyclase in response to their respective agonist activation. The CRF1 receptor was cloned first from a human Cushing’s c ...
The Pharmacology of Lysergic Acid Diethylamide: A Review
... LSD dosage has remained fairly constant since the 1970 ...
... LSD dosage has remained fairly constant since the 1970 ...
It is Possible Find an Antidepressant with Faster Onset of Action
... The seminal study of Berman et al. was the first to show that a single low sub-anesthetic ketamine IV infusion (0.5 mg/kg/40 min.) produces a rapid antidepressant response within 4 hours that persist for at least 3 days [30]. Ketamine improve core symptoms of depression and these effects are disconn ...
... The seminal study of Berman et al. was the first to show that a single low sub-anesthetic ketamine IV infusion (0.5 mg/kg/40 min.) produces a rapid antidepressant response within 4 hours that persist for at least 3 days [30]. Ketamine improve core symptoms of depression and these effects are disconn ...
Docking and Ligand Binding Affinity: Uses and Pitfalls
... powerful tool in understanding detailed protein-ligand interactions at molecular level and in rational drug design. To study the binding of a protein with multiple molecular species of a ligand, one must accurately determine both the relative free energies of all of the molecular species in solution ...
... powerful tool in understanding detailed protein-ligand interactions at molecular level and in rational drug design. To study the binding of a protein with multiple molecular species of a ligand, one must accurately determine both the relative free energies of all of the molecular species in solution ...
Dopamine and Benzodiazepine-Dependent Mechanisms
... While the direct reinforcing actions of alcohol have been investigated in the operant chamber (June, 2002), alcohol’s acute reinforcing actions, as with other abused drugs (Di Chiara and Imperato, 1985), have also been indirectly inferred/investigated via the use of locomotor activational effects (W ...
... While the direct reinforcing actions of alcohol have been investigated in the operant chamber (June, 2002), alcohol’s acute reinforcing actions, as with other abused drugs (Di Chiara and Imperato, 1985), have also been indirectly inferred/investigated via the use of locomotor activational effects (W ...
neuroregulatory effects of nicotine
... whether central receptor entities are similar to those in the periphery should be resolved. Neither issue can be settled satisfactorily at the present time, but, taking the second question first, the fact that mecamylamine is an effective nicotine antagonist at both locations suggests that there mus ...
... whether central receptor entities are similar to those in the periphery should be resolved. Neither issue can be settled satisfactorily at the present time, but, taking the second question first, the fact that mecamylamine is an effective nicotine antagonist at both locations suggests that there mus ...
Unusual interactions of benzodiazepine receptor antagonists David
... the opposite effect to BDZs,“ Flumazenil „seems to be a selective & potent antagonist of both compounds in both systems having any detectable effect of its own. (...; it) seems to be selective for (...) BDZ receptor.“ 22/x ...
... the opposite effect to BDZs,“ Flumazenil „seems to be a selective & potent antagonist of both compounds in both systems having any detectable effect of its own. (...; it) seems to be selective for (...) BDZ receptor.“ 22/x ...
HUMAN PHARMACOLOGY AYAHUASCA Director de la Tesi:
... widely used by the indigenous peoples of northwestern South America. The area of use has been estimated to extend from Panama to Amazonian Peru and Bolivia and from the coastal areas of Colombia and Ecuador to the Río Negro in Brazil (Ott, 1993). While the term ayahuasca, which also designates the p ...
... widely used by the indigenous peoples of northwestern South America. The area of use has been estimated to extend from Panama to Amazonian Peru and Bolivia and from the coastal areas of Colombia and Ecuador to the Río Negro in Brazil (Ott, 1993). While the term ayahuasca, which also designates the p ...
A novel mGluR5 antagonist, MFZ 10-7, inhibits cocaine
... by initial lower doses of cocaine, but not by subsequent high doses of cocaine. Therefore, we used two additional groups of rats (n = 7–11 per group) to study whether a single injection of MFZ 10-7 or MTEP inhibits cocaine self-administration maintained by a single high dose (0.5 mg/kg/injection) of ...
... by initial lower doses of cocaine, but not by subsequent high doses of cocaine. Therefore, we used two additional groups of rats (n = 7–11 per group) to study whether a single injection of MFZ 10-7 or MTEP inhibits cocaine self-administration maintained by a single high dose (0.5 mg/kg/injection) of ...
38: Opioids
... segments, an amino terminus, and a carboxy terminus. Significant sequence homology exists between the transmembrane regions of opioid receptors and those of other members of the guanosine triphosphate (GTP)– binding protein (G-protein)–binding receptor superfamily. However, the extracellular and int ...
... segments, an amino terminus, and a carboxy terminus. Significant sequence homology exists between the transmembrane regions of opioid receptors and those of other members of the guanosine triphosphate (GTP)– binding protein (G-protein)–binding receptor superfamily. However, the extracellular and int ...
Potential role of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors as executors of
... (memantine) was recently registered in multiple countries for treatment of patients with moderate-to-severe to severe AD. Hence, memantine offers a unique tool to verify clinically the findings obtained from animal experiments and therefore is the focus of the current review. Given our current under ...
... (memantine) was recently registered in multiple countries for treatment of patients with moderate-to-severe to severe AD. Hence, memantine offers a unique tool to verify clinically the findings obtained from animal experiments and therefore is the focus of the current review. Given our current under ...
kopia+_Eli_PR5`2006.vp:CorelVentura 7.0
... The effect of vinpocetine or piracetam on thermal and visceral pain was studied in mice. In the hot plate test, vinpocetine (0.9 and 1.8 mg/kg), but not piracetam, produced a reduction in nociceptive response. Vinpocetine (0.45–1.8 mg/kg, ip) or piracetam (75–300 mg/kg, ip) caused dose-dependent inh ...
... The effect of vinpocetine or piracetam on thermal and visceral pain was studied in mice. In the hot plate test, vinpocetine (0.9 and 1.8 mg/kg), but not piracetam, produced a reduction in nociceptive response. Vinpocetine (0.45–1.8 mg/kg, ip) or piracetam (75–300 mg/kg, ip) caused dose-dependent inh ...
Opioids analgesics and antagonists
... peaks within 2 to 3 hours. The duration of analgesia is about 6 hours. The maximum recommended daily dose is 400 mg. ...
... peaks within 2 to 3 hours. The duration of analgesia is about 6 hours. The maximum recommended daily dose is 400 mg. ...
Study of the interaction between 3,4- methylenedioximethamphetamine and the endocannabinoid system
... dependence and withdrawal symptoms but do not lead to compulsive use. This emphasizes the emotional motivational aspects of dependence. Nevertheless, physical dependence is an important component in the abuse of drugs as opioids, cannabis, ethanol and nicotine (Nestler et al., 2001). 1.2.2. Emotiona ...
... dependence and withdrawal symptoms but do not lead to compulsive use. This emphasizes the emotional motivational aspects of dependence. Nevertheless, physical dependence is an important component in the abuse of drugs as opioids, cannabis, ethanol and nicotine (Nestler et al., 2001). 1.2.2. Emotiona ...
Pharmacology of anabolic steroids
... elderly, but nevertheless their efficacy still needs to be demonstrated in terms of improved physical function and quality of life. In sport, these agents are performance enhancers, this being particularly apparent in women, although there is a high risk of virilization despite the favourable myotro ...
... elderly, but nevertheless their efficacy still needs to be demonstrated in terms of improved physical function and quality of life. In sport, these agents are performance enhancers, this being particularly apparent in women, although there is a high risk of virilization despite the favourable myotro ...
antihistamines in allergic disease
... H1 antihistamines are classified into the older, or firstgeneration, antihistamines, and the newer, or secondgeneration, antihistamines. The main differences between the two generations of drugs are their propensity to cause central nervous system (CNS) sideeffects. The commonly used members of thes ...
... H1 antihistamines are classified into the older, or firstgeneration, antihistamines, and the newer, or secondgeneration, antihistamines. The main differences between the two generations of drugs are their propensity to cause central nervous system (CNS) sideeffects. The commonly used members of thes ...
Journal of Cannabis Therapeutics, Vol. 1 - cannabis
... further examination of the issues, and the passage of time, that proof or refutation will occur. Consensus is a slowly evolutive process, and one that is rarely complete. The history of cannabis is a fascinating example of knowledge gained and knowledge lost. The medical writings of the Ancient Sume ...
... further examination of the issues, and the passage of time, that proof or refutation will occur. Consensus is a slowly evolutive process, and one that is rarely complete. The history of cannabis is a fascinating example of knowledge gained and knowledge lost. The medical writings of the Ancient Sume ...
Pharmacological Characterization of Nicotine`s Interaction with
... the exception of RTI-70, produced dose-dependent inhibition of nicotine’s antinociceptive effect. Their antagonistic potencies are presented in Table 1, and dose-response curves of cocaine and selected analogs are shown in Fig. 2. The latter demonstrates that the antinociceptive effects of nicotine ...
... the exception of RTI-70, produced dose-dependent inhibition of nicotine’s antinociceptive effect. Their antagonistic potencies are presented in Table 1, and dose-response curves of cocaine and selected analogs are shown in Fig. 2. The latter demonstrates that the antinociceptive effects of nicotine ...
Introduction
... brain is consistent with the ability of cannabinoids to alter pain perception, affect motor function, impair cognition and memory, and stimulate feeding (Hohmann and Herkenham, 2000; Herkenham et al., 1990; Matsuda et al., 1993; Freund et al., 2003). Those actions are effectively inhibited by the CB ...
... brain is consistent with the ability of cannabinoids to alter pain perception, affect motor function, impair cognition and memory, and stimulate feeding (Hohmann and Herkenham, 2000; Herkenham et al., 1990; Matsuda et al., 1993; Freund et al., 2003). Those actions are effectively inhibited by the CB ...
Neuropeptides in learning and memory processes with focus
... There are a number of factors that have hampered our understanding of the functional roles of neuropeptides. Since most neuropeptides do not penetrate the blood-brain barrier, their effects on brain functions are mostly investigated after central administration (mainly intracerebroventricular; i.c.v ...
... There are a number of factors that have hampered our understanding of the functional roles of neuropeptides. Since most neuropeptides do not penetrate the blood-brain barrier, their effects on brain functions are mostly investigated after central administration (mainly intracerebroventricular; i.c.v ...
Antidote–Opioids
... When patients dependent on opioid agonists are exposed to opioid antagonists or agonist– antagonists such as pentazocine, they exhibit opioid withdrawal, including yawning, lacrimation, diaphoresis, rhinorrhea, piloerection, mydriasis, vomiting, diarrhea, myalgias, mild elevations in heart rate and ...
... When patients dependent on opioid agonists are exposed to opioid antagonists or agonist– antagonists such as pentazocine, they exhibit opioid withdrawal, including yawning, lacrimation, diaphoresis, rhinorrhea, piloerection, mydriasis, vomiting, diarrhea, myalgias, mild elevations in heart rate and ...
5-HT3 antagonist
The 5-HT3 antagonists, informally known as ""setrons"", are a class of drugs that act as receptor antagonists at the 5-HT3 receptor, a subtype of serotonin receptor found in terminals of the vagus nerve and in certain areas of the brain.With the notable exception of alosetron and cilansetron, which are used in the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome, all 5-HT3 antagonists are antiemetics, used in the prevention and treatment of nausea and vomiting. They are particularly effective in controlling the nausea and vomiting produced by cancer chemotherapy and are considered the gold standard for this purpose.The 5-HT3 antagonists may be identified by the suffix –setron, and are classified under code A04AA of the WHO's Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical Classification System.