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Determination of Thermodynamic Solubility of Active Pharmaceutical
Determination of Thermodynamic Solubility of Active Pharmaceutical

... solubility to an unknown and unpredictable extent, and the short duration of the experiment, which leads to a kinetic rather than thermodynamic estimate of the solubility. Because DMSO dilutions readily form a supersaturated solution, the kinetic measurement can easily overestimate the equilibrium ( ...
rav
rav

...  Increase the refractoriness of AV node thus decrease ventricular response to atrial rate.  Digoxin is used as a first-line drug in patients with congestive heart failure who are in atrial fibrillation. ...
rav - PHSI
rav - PHSI

...  Increase the refractoriness of AV node thus decrease ventricular response to atrial rate.  Digoxin is used as a first-line drug in patients with congestive heart failure who are in atrial fibrillation. ...
SIMPLE HIGH PERFORMANCE LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY METHOD FOR DETERMINATION  OF NORFLOXACIN IN PLASMA AND APPLICATION IN BIOEQUIVALENCE STUDY 
SIMPLE HIGH PERFORMANCE LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY METHOD FOR DETERMINATION  OF NORFLOXACIN IN PLASMA AND APPLICATION IN BIOEQUIVALENCE STUDY 

... 30%, norfloxacin peak was eluted earlier in 3.0 min and overlapped  with  the  endogenous  compound.  At  acetonitrile  content  of  20%,  norfloxacin  peak  was  eluted  at  retention  time  of  6  min.  Hence,  the  use  of  25%  of  acetonitrile  was  found  to  be  optimum  with  the  retention  ...
Non proprietary name: cefoxitin sodium Chemical name: Sodium
Non proprietary name: cefoxitin sodium Chemical name: Sodium

... persistent reduction of urinary output due to renal impairment, because high and prolonged serum concentrations can occur in such individuals (see DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION). Elderly patients are more likely to have decreased renal function, care should be taken in dose selection and it may be usefu ...
- Raw Steroid Powders
- Raw Steroid Powders

... Formestane is a second generation, irreversible, steroidal aromatase inhibitor. It inhibits the aromatase enzyme responsible for converting androgens to estrogens, thereby preventing estrogen production. Breast cancer may be estrogen sensitive or insensitive. A majority of breast cancers are estroge ...
COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF POTATO STARCH AND BANANA POWDER AS
COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF POTATO STARCH AND BANANA POWDER AS

... The hardness values ranged from 5.6 to 6.1 kg/cm 2 for all formulations (Table 3). The entire tablets passes weight variation test as the average % weight variation was the pharmacopoeial limit of 5% (Table 3). The friability values were found to be within the limit (Table 3). The drug content of ac ...
Development of Fast Dispersible Aceclofenac Tablets: Effect of
Development of Fast Dispersible Aceclofenac Tablets: Effect of

... The most important parameter that needs to be optimized in the development of fast dispersible tablets is the disintegration time of tablets. In the present study, all the tablets disintegrated in ≤57.5 sec fulÞlling the ofÞcial requirements (<3 min) for dispersible tablets18. Fig. 1 depicts the dis ...
PREPARATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF ORODISPERSIBLE TABLETS OF CANDESARTAN
PREPARATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF ORODISPERSIBLE TABLETS OF CANDESARTAN

... diseases like hypertension, heart failure, myocardial infarction and diabetic nephropathy. The objective of this study was to prepare and evaluate orodispersible tablets of candesartan cilexetil using direct compression method. The orodispersible tablets (ODT) as recently developed drug delivery sys ...
Indole alkaloids
Indole alkaloids

... Ergotamine and the semisynthetic dihydroergotamines salts are employed as specific analgesics for the treatment of migraine. Drug in pharmacy: ergotamine and used with caffeine for treatment of migraine headache both act as cerebral ...
QA163_3_SSRIsandGIbleeding
QA163_3_SSRIsandGIbleeding

... lower in those taking acid-suppressing agents (OR 1.4; 95% CI: 0.8-2.3) than in those not taking an acid suppressant (OR 2.0; 95% CI: 1.5-2.8). The benefit was even greater in those on an SRI and NSAID: OR 9.1; 95% CI: 4.8-17.3 in non-users of acid suppressors versus OR 1.1; 95% CI: 0.3-3.4 in curre ...
Phyto Lec 16
Phyto Lec 16

... 2 types of compounds; either semi-synthetic from morphine structure by 1)replacing OHs on the 3&6 positions most properly get morphine agonist "with similar activity, lower side effects, more potent than morphine" or 2)substituting on N most properly get morphine antagonist. Here we have new termino ...
III. Pipeline
III. Pipeline

... Not decided yet ...
Fast Dissolving Tablets- A Novel Approach
Fast Dissolving Tablets- A Novel Approach

... with ever increasing demand. Fast dissolving tablet (FDT) is one such type of an innovative and unique drug delivery system which is swiftly gaining much attention in the research field of rapid dissolving technology. Oral route is the most expedient and safest route of drug delivery because of wide ...
Experimental animal studies on analgesic and anti
Experimental animal studies on analgesic and anti

... Aims: To estimate the analgesic and anti- nociceptive effects of Allium sativum powder (ASP) in animal models; and to compare the effects between central and peripheral nociceptive models with that of other established analgesic drugs. Materials and Methods: Albino rats and mice were used for studyi ...
O R I G I N A L A R T I C L E
O R I G I N A L A R T I C L E

... valproate. The mechanism of inhibition of MAOs by several antidepressants was found various. Conclusions: It was concluded that MAO activity is acutely affected by pharmacologically different antidepressants at relatively high drug concentrations; this effect is inhibitory. There are differences bot ...
Formulation
Formulation

... drugs to the colon is valuable in the treatment of diseases of colon (ulcerative colitis, Crohn’s disease, carcinomas and infections) whereby high local concentration can be achieved while minimizing side effects that occur because of release of drugs in the upper GIT or unnecessary systemic absorpt ...
A Board Preparation Study Guide
A Board Preparation Study Guide

... 9110 APPLIED PHARMACOLOGY ...
ANTIINFLAMMATORY AND ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITIES OF DIFFERENT EXTRACTS OF GYNANDROPSIS GYNANDRA
ANTIINFLAMMATORY AND ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITIES OF DIFFERENT EXTRACTS OF GYNANDROPSIS GYNANDRA

... Acute inflammatory disease. Acute and chronic inflammatory diseases are still one of the most important health problems in the world. Although several agent known to treat inflammatory disorders, their prolonged use often leads to gastric intolerance, bone marrow depression, water and salt retention ...
a  I JN
a I JN

... may accumulate in serum and cause gastrointestinal toxicity and neutropenia (18). Myopathy and neuropathy may also occur after long-term treatment (4, 7). In addition, patients receiving CSA may be further predisposed to colchicine toxicity, and dose reduction is necessary in patients with GFR <50 m ...
anticoagulantpresent..
anticoagulantpresent..

... ticlopidine but not with clopidogrel. • After oral ingestion, both drugs are extensively bound to plasma proteins. • They undergo hepatic metabolism by the cytochrome P450 system to active metabolites that are yet to be identified. • The maximum effect is achieved in 3 to 5 days • when treatment is ...
Spastic paralysis after sustaining cervical spinal cord injury: 13
Spastic paralysis after sustaining cervical spinal cord injury: 13

... A 13-year-long observation of a patient, following injury to the cervical spinal cord, implanted with a baclofen pump in order to decrease spasticity of the lower limbs. On November 13, 1994 the patient, now 52-years-old, fell from a height of 1.5 m and suffered trauma to the spinal cord at the C6–C ...
The Penicillins - Available Courses
The Penicillins - Available Courses

... B. USES FOR PENICILLIN G AND PENICILLIN V 1. Streptocococcal Infections - Pen G is the most potent compound of all the penicillins and cephalosporins for susceptible Gram + bacteria. Pen V is normally used for oral administration (more acid stable). Resistance is looming as a major problem. a. Stre ...
HIGH-MOLECULAR WEIGHT OF BIOPOLYMER
HIGH-MOLECULAR WEIGHT OF BIOPOLYMER

... Over the last few decades nasal route has been explored as an alternative for drug delivery systems (Nonparenteral). This is due to the large surface area and relatively high blood flow of the nasal cavity and so the rapid absorption is possible. It was reported that viscous solutions of polymer hav ...
CBCS Pharmaceutical Chemistry20 09-10 OUCW
CBCS Pharmaceutical Chemistry20 09-10 OUCW

... plate viscometer. Viscoelasity (introduction only), psychorheology & applications to pharmacy. (problems to be discussed wherever necessary) Ph.C-03 Physical pharmacy Physical properties of drug molecules: Dielectric constant, Induced polarization, refractive index, molar refraction , optical rotati ...
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Discovery and development of proton pump inhibitors



Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) block the gastric hydrogen potassium ATPase (H+,K+-ATPase) and inhibit gastric acid secretion. These drugs have emerged as the treatment of choice for acid-related diseases, including gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and peptic ulcer disease.PPIs also can bind to other types of proton pumps such as those that occur in cancer cells and are finding applications in the reduction of cancer cell acid efflux and reduction of chemotherapy drug resistance.
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