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Electrical Discharge Machining
Electrical Discharge Machining

Practical Industrial Electronics for Engineers and Technicians
Practical Industrial Electronics for Engineers and Technicians

... direct current in one direction only. In other words, the diode exhibits a very low resistance when it is forward-biased and an extremely high resistance, when it is reverse-biased. Similarly in Chapter 7 we learned that an ohmmeter applies a known voltage from an internal source (batteries) to the ...
FEATURES GENERAL DESCRIPTION The ADP197CB-EVALZ is used to demonstrate the functio- e
FEATURES GENERAL DESCRIPTION The ADP197CB-EVALZ is used to demonstrate the functio- e

... ESD (electrostatic discharge) sensitive device. Charged devices and circuit boards can discharge without detection. Although this product features patented or proprietary protection circuitry, damage may occur on devices subjected to high energy ESD. Therefore, proper ESD precautions should be taken ...
Study Guide
Study Guide

...  Time constant. b) The process of determining the natural response of an RL circuit can be broken down into the following steps: i. Determine the initial value of the current in the inductor. This value may be given to you in the problem statement. More often, you will need to draw the circuit for ...
A SATELLITE RECEIVING FRONT-END FOR
A SATELLITE RECEIVING FRONT-END FOR

... the real amplifier circuit and even less experiments have been made to use other construction techniques than microstrip. Most of the available GaAs FETs and improved devices like HEMTs have been designed for operation at 12GHz in a 50ohm environment in a microstrip circuit of satellite-TV downconve ...
ultrasonic radar based
ultrasonic radar based

... based on time difference) we decided to stick with the Atmel Mega32 MCU that we have been using the entire semester. This MCU can easily handle the software needed for the rangefinder and there was no reason not to use it. Using a different MCU would require learning all the intricacies associated w ...
4-Thick film hybrid IC
4-Thick film hybrid IC

... It is essential that the screen be brought uniformly into line contact with the substrate all the way across its width, in order to seal the edges of the stencil. If this does not happen, then paste will bleed past the edges of the aperture and form an ill-defined print. Even if the substrate is onl ...
Experiment FT1
Experiment FT1

... Capacitor, also known as an electrical condenser, is a device that can store electric charge or energy. It can also be used in various types of circuit functions involving: i) Oscillator (alternate charging and discharging of the capacitor); ii) Blocking the flow of direct current; iii) Filter (vary ...
Experiment FT1
Experiment FT1

... Capacitor, also known as an electrical condenser, is a device that can store electric charge or energy. It can also be used in various types of circuit functions involving: i) Oscillator (alternate charging and discharging of the capacitor); ii) Blocking the flow of direct current; iii) Filter (vary ...
Experiment FT1
Experiment FT1

... Capacitor, also known as an electrical condenser, is a device that can store electric charge or energy. It can also be used in various types of circuit functions involving: i) Oscillator (alternate charging and discharging of the capacitor); ii) Blocking the flow of direct current; iii) Filter (vary ...
White Paper on Secure Integrated Circuits and Systems Project
White Paper on Secure Integrated Circuits and Systems Project

... Problem: Integrated circuits (ICs) form the backbone of many electronic devices ranging from smart phones and computers, to the systems that control our banking, energy distribution, and defense infrastructure. The recent emergence of hardware Trojans, or malicious circuits inserted into an IC durin ...
The influence of boundary conditions on resonant frequencies of
The influence of boundary conditions on resonant frequencies of

... have been developed to calculate the Inodes of cavities [1][3]. Over years finite-difference time-domain method on orthogonal Yee's mesh (standard FDTD) has been used successfully to work out the frequencies of resonant structures [4]-[6]. When standard FDTD method employs rectangular or cylindrical ...
MAX16946 Evaluation Kit Evaluates: General Description Features
MAX16946 Evaluation Kit Evaluates: General Description Features

... Sets the output voltage to 5V. JU1 must be installed in the 1-2 position for proper output. Disconnects the resistor-divider of R6 and R7 when JU1 is not in the 1-2 position. Sets the output voltage to 8V. JU1 must be installed in the 1-3 position for proper output. Disconnects the resistor-divider ...
The Best Of Thomas Scarborough - Circuit Exchange International
The Best Of Thomas Scarborough - Circuit Exchange International

... only a few centimetres (a few inches) apart. When an object (e.g. a car bumper) moves within about 10 cm (4”) of X1 and X2, X2 screeches. The value of C1 may also be reduced to less than 470p, for reduced sensitivity, so that sensitivity may be adjusted as desired. Note that since the LM380N's curre ...
Evaluate:  MAX4444/MAX4445 MAX4444 Evaluation Kit General Description Features
Evaluate: MAX4444/MAX4445 MAX4444 Evaluation Kit General Description Features

... The MAX4444 EV kit is fully assembled and tested. Follow these steps to verify board operation. Do not turn on the power supply until all connections are completed. 1) Connect a +5V power supply to the VCC pin and a -5V power supply to the VEE pin. Connect power-supply ground to the GND pads. 2) Ens ...
RDCO-01/02/03/04   DDCS Communication option modules
RDCO-01/02/03/04 DDCS Communication option modules

... The optical components at both ends of a fiber optic link must be of the same type for the light intensity and receiver sensitivity levels to match. Plastic optical fiber (POF) cables can be used with both 5 MBd and 10 MBd optical components. 10 MBd components also enable the use of Hard Clad Silica ...
Types of Wound Film Capacitors
Types of Wound Film Capacitors

... additional categories metal and non-metallic. Metal tubular capacitors generally use a non-ferrous tube, sealed on one or both end with a glass-to-metal seal. This configuration is typically used in low voltage applications (>1000 V), due to lack of adequate space for insulation between the capacito ...
Option - PTC/RTC board
Option - PTC/RTC board

... In most cases it is recommended that both ends of the shield are connected to PE. This will give a good attenuation of high frequency interference. Shield connections should be made using the largest possible surface. Make sure that you select a cable of material appropriate for your environment. C ...
Format guide for IJAET - e
Format guide for IJAET - e

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Electricity Review 1

... A. Calculate the total resistance of the circuit. B. Calculate the current in the circuit. C. Calculate the power of each bulb. D. Calculate the power supplied by the battery Main Board ...
3 Amp - DCC Track Booster - 2011 (LMD18200)
3 Amp - DCC Track Booster - 2011 (LMD18200)

VLSI Digital System Design
VLSI Digital System Design

... • Bonding wires restrict I-O pads to die edge • IBM C4 I-O pads can also be on interior of chip 1.Deposit solder ball on I-O pad 2.Heat die and board to reflow solder 3.Solder surface tension positions die on board ...
basic electronic components
basic electronic components

... like water. Assume two pipes are filled with water and one pipe has very rough walls. It would be easy to say that it is more difficult to push the water through the rough-walled pipe than through a pipe with smooth walls. The pipe with rough walls could be described as having more resistance to mov ...
fundamentals of ic assembly - Department of Electrical, Computer
fundamentals of ic assembly - Department of Electrical, Computer

... Fully testable, plastic model, quad-flat-pack Leads on all four sides of the surface mountable package ...
led bargraph / peak hold meter kit
led bargraph / peak hold meter kit

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Printed circuit board



A printed circuit board (PCB) mechanically supports and electrically connects electronic components using conductive tracks, pads and other features etched from copper sheets laminated onto a non-conductive substrate. PCBs can be single sided (one copper layer), double sided (two copper layers) or multi-layer (outer and inner layers). Multi-layer PCBs allow for much higher component density. Conductors on different layers are connected with plated-through holes called vias. Advanced PCBs may contain components - capacitors, resistors or active devices - embedded in the substrate.FR-4 glass epoxy is the primary insulating substrate upon which the vast majority of rigid PCBs are produced. A thin layer of copper foil is laminated to one or both sides of an FR-4 panel. Circuitry interconnections are etched into copper layers to produce printed circuit boards. Complex circuits are produced in multiple layers. Printed circuit boards are used in all but the simplest electronic products. Alternatives to PCBs include wire wrap and point-to-point construction. PCBs require the additional design effort to lay out the circuit, but manufacturing and assembly can be automated. Manufacturing circuits with PCBs is cheaper and faster than with other wiring methods as components are mounted and wired with one single part. Furthermore, operator wiring errors are eliminated.When the board has only copper connections and no embedded components, it is more correctly called a printed wiring board (PWB) or etched wiring board. Although more accurate, the term printed wiring board has fallen into disuse. A PCB populated with electronic components is called a printed circuit assembly (PCA), printed circuit board assembly or PCB assembly (PCBA). The IPC preferred term for assembled boards is circuit card assembly (CCA), and for assembled backplanes it is backplane assemblies. The term PCB is used informally both for bare and assembled boards.The world market for bare PCBs reached nearly $60 billion in 2012.
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