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Syntax of Moods and Tenses in New Testament Greek
Syntax of Moods and Tenses in New Testament Greek

... THE first edition of this work appeared as a pamphlet in 1888. In issuing this revised and enlarged edition, it seems desirable to state somewhat more fully than was done in the former preface the purpose which it is hoped the book will serve. Classified according to its intent, it belongs among the ...
Lenition of the Conjugated Prepositions in Irish and Welsh
Lenition of the Conjugated Prepositions in Irish and Welsh

... features come to mind, such as the loss of initial p- in all of the Celtic languages. However, one of the most exclusive of those features – which any Celticist would count among them - is that of the initial consonant mutations. This phenomenon is not present in any of the other descendant language ...
8 Causatives - Blackwell Publishing
8 Causatives - Blackwell Publishing

... the causative sentence. This is most clearly seen in the constructions where the verb stem is intransitive, and the causee may be marked with the accusative or the dative, as in (1) and (2). As originally noted by Kuroda (1965b) and in many subsequent works (e.g. S.-I. Harada 1973, C. Kitagawa 1974, ...
Discontinuous reciprocals Abstract 1 Introduction
Discontinuous reciprocals Abstract 1 Introduction

... and other operations in the grammar. This is a question that can be distinguished, at least in principle, from the question of the role of symmetry in the behaviour of reciprocals, and I will not attempt a full answer to it here. But alongside the main themes of symmetry and discontinuous reciprocal ...
Negation in Uralic languages - uralicnegation
Negation in Uralic languages - uralicnegation

... counterpart-Acc2Du Neg-Interr-2Du.s kill-CN Ptcl ‘You will kill each other [if you continue like this]!’ ...
Ace the TOEFL Essay (TWE)
Ace the TOEFL Essay (TWE)

... each in a relatively short time. Such a point-by-point structure facilitates the reading of the pod, but the writing of the pod is usually timeconsuming for the student. However, on the exam, the points are there and relatively easy to write out. Therefore, I suggest the point-by-point pod for exams ...
A GRAMMAR OF THE HITTITE LANGUAGE Part 1
A GRAMMAR OF THE HITTITE LANGUAGE Part 1

... The slanted equal sign (⸗) in Hittite transcriptions indicates a boundary before a clitic element. Since there is no convenient transliteration for the marker wedges that Hittite scribes prefixed to forms exhibiting foreign or unusual elements, we follow the CHD practice of using a graphic representa ...
Voice and Case in Tagalog:
Voice and Case in Tagalog:

... Sometimes even a more peripheral argument like an instrument can receive nominative case. However, for the verb given here, the use of instrumental voice is restricted and not easily accepted in basic predicate-initial sentences, which are the main focus of this thesis. 3 Approaches tied to a binary ...
A verb-centered Sentiment Analysis for French
A verb-centered Sentiment Analysis for French

... This can be done via hand-crafted rules, which tell the system that, for example, if a positive adjective is modified by a shifter, such as in the case of ”not good”, the positive polarity of the adjective is to be reversed and to be computed as negative. In the case of noun phrases with two opposin ...
Using Korean: A guide to contemporary usage
Using Korean: A guide to contemporary usage

... they can be impolite. Ultimately, politeness lies in behaving in a considerate manner toward others. Each of the four styles is ‘polite’ as long as it is properly used. Use of the formal 합니다/합니까 and 해요 styles indicates a psychological distance between the speaker and the hearer. For that reason, the ...
Ancient North Arabian
Ancient North Arabian

... Thus, even the immensely rich vocabulary of Classical Arabic represents a choice by the grammarians and lexicographers of what was available to them, and much that might have helped in the reconstruction of Ancient North Arabian was no doubt excluded. Arabic dictionaries can anyway be a trap to the ...
A Writer`s Reference
A Writer`s Reference

... * [Crossed out: In] Tutors in the writing center/[Crossed out: they] say that vague pronoun reference is unacceptable. G3-b * Be alert for irregular verbs that have [Crossed out: came] come to you in the wrong form. G2-a 1. A verb have to agree with its subject. 2. Each pronoun should agree with the ...
A Grammar of Bora with Special Attention to Tone
A Grammar of Bora with Special Attention to Tone

... Publications in Linguistics are published by SIL International® . The series is a venue for works covering a broad range of topics in linguistics, especially the analytical treatment of minority languages from all parts of the world. While most volumes are authored by members of SIL, suitable works ...
File - Mrs. Helenius English!!!!
File - Mrs. Helenius English!!!!

... 2. Embarrassed and emotionally-drained, Ron locked himself in his room. ____ 3. The students worked on their tests while the teacher graded papers. ____ 4. Most of the students, even the ones with failing grades, respected the teacher. ____ 5. Until you learn how to play defense, you will have to si ...
Ahland_oregon_0171A_10546 - Scholars` Bank
Ahland_oregon_0171A_10546 - Scholars` Bank

... morphosyntactic categories, in particular as relator nouns, verbal classifiers, and class morphemes, the final two of which are noun categorization devices. Many of these same body part terms can be incorporated into the verb or form part of lexicalized verb-noun compounds. Deverbal nominalizations ...
A grammar of Lha`alua, an Austronesian language of Taiwan
A grammar of Lha`alua, an Austronesian language of Taiwan

... bound pronoun is a core argument either in S function or in A function, whereas the independent pronoun is either a core argument in S (when topicalized), E, A or O function or a peripheral argument. Prefixation is productive, whereas other affixations are not. Reduplication is widely deployed. The ...
teaching english passive contrastively and in comparison
teaching english passive contrastively and in comparison

...  with or by prepositions (“The house was surrounded with tanks and policemen dogs.”; “The building was surrounded by a deep green lawn.”3). Passives’ variety can be enriched by Huddleston (1984: 440-446), also mentioning:  Passives of ditransitive actives: (“Liz was given the money by Ed”; “The mo ...
Morphosyntactic Convergence and Integration in Finland
Morphosyntactic Convergence and Integration in Finland

... with the verb morphology ..................................................................136 4.1.3. The Finnish partitive and the Russian genitive as subject ...........137 The Finnish partitive of the subject in affirmation.............................137 Some language-specific cases of external ...
ENGLISH SYNTAX: THE coMpoSITE SENTENcE. THE Mood
ENGLISH SYNTAX: THE coMpoSITE SENTENcE. THE Mood

... Syndetic coordination is realized by a number of connectors – conjunctions, such as and, but, or, nor, for, etc., or by conjunctive adverbs, such as moreover, besides, however, yet, still, otherwise, therefore, etc. In speaking ...
Makassarese (basa Mangkasara
Makassarese (basa Mangkasara

... Indonesia
went
through
four
presidents
and
onto
a
fifth.
The
city
of
Makassar
regained
 its
name,
and
the
province
of
South
Sulawesi
was
split
into
two.
And
last
but
not
least,
 my
two
children
Thomas
and
Natalie
were
born.
Through
it
all
my
wife
Sonia
has
stood
 by
me
with
her
love
and
support,
and ...
The Classification of Optatives: A Statistical Study
The Classification of Optatives: A Statistical Study

... to the mind, and can be expressed only by words like perhaps, possibly, or probably, or by such vague forms as if he pleased, or if he should try, if he could, if there should be an opportunity, etc. Sometimes a general condition, like in any possible case, is felt to be implied, so that the optativ ...
Spanish Clitics, Events and Opposition Structure
Spanish Clitics, Events and Opposition Structure

... The general goal of our approach is to provide a unified analysis for the clitic se, while also considering the contribution of this analysis to clitics in general. We argue that the system of syntactic features that characterizes the paradigm of Spanish clitics must map systematically, both to the ...
Master`s Thesis - Nikhil Krishnaswamy
Master`s Thesis - Nikhil Krishnaswamy

... other. However, as verb qualia must be calculated based on the context in which the verb appears, they are not the only components that can reveal information about the spatial configuration of the sentence. Certain verbs can select for multiple types of objects that change the sentence’s spatial co ...
NEW SECOND STEPS IN LATIN
NEW SECOND STEPS IN LATIN

... In New Second Steps, the student’s syntactical horizon expands. The various pronouns, complementary infinitives, and indirect statement make longer, more complex, and more idiomatic sentences possible. Additional genitive, dative, and ablative constructions and subordinating conjunctions also allow t ...
1 Rise of the Auxiliaries: a case for auxiliary raising vs. affix
1 Rise of the Auxiliaries: a case for auxiliary raising vs. affix

... be initially merged. Obviously certain modal verbs such as epistemic must need not be merged in this projection, but it appears to be a required merge position for many other modals.5 Having established a hierarchy from which to work, Section 3 presents an outline of the two fundamental analyses tha ...
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Old English grammar

The grammar of Old English is quite different from that of Modern English, predominantly by being much more inflected. As an old Germanic language, Old English has a morphological system that is similar to that of the hypothetical Proto-Germanic reconstruction, retaining many of the inflections thought to have been common in Proto-Indo-European and also including characteristically Germanic constructions such as the umlaut.Among living languages, Old English morphology most closely resembles that of modern Icelandic, which is among the most conservative of the Germanic languages; to a lesser extent, the Old English inflectional system is similar to that of modern High German.Nouns, pronouns, adjectives and determiners were fully inflected with five grammatical cases (nominative, accusative, genitive, dative, and instrumental), two grammatical numbers (singular and plural) and three grammatical genders (masculine, feminine, and neuter). First- and second-person personal pronouns also had dual forms for referring to groups of two people, in addition to the usual singular and plural forms.The instrumental case was somewhat rare and occurred only in the masculine and neuter singular; it could typically be replaced by the dative. Adjectives, pronouns and (sometimes) participles agreed with their antecedent nouns in case, number and gender. Finite verbs agreed with their subject in person and number.Nouns came in numerous declensions (with deep parallels in Latin, Ancient Greek and Sanskrit). Verbs came in nine main conjugations (seven strong and two weak), each with numerous subtypes, as well as a few additional smaller conjugations and a handful of irregular verbs. The main difference from other ancient Indo-European languages, such as Latin, is that verbs can be conjugated in only two tenses (vs. the six ""tenses"" – really tense/aspect combinations – of Latin), and have no synthetic passive voice (although it did still exist in Gothic).The grammatical gender of a given noun does not necessarily correspond to its natural gender, even for nouns referring to people. For example, sēo sunne (the Sun) was feminine, se mōna (the Moon) was masculine, and þæt wīf ""the woman/wife"" was neuter. (Compare modern German die Sonne, der Mond, das Weib.) Pronominal usage could reflect either natural or grammatical gender, when it conflicted.
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