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Chapter 2 An Introduction to the Esperanto language
Chapter 2 An Introduction to the Esperanto language

... You probably understand most of the words above. Zamenhof, Esperanto’s initial creator, tried as far as possible to choose words that were already familiar in the large European languages. Around 75% of words come from the Romance languages (such as Italian, French, Spanish), about 20% from the Germ ...
8th grade English Knowledge Map
8th grade English Knowledge Map

... 6. Symbolism an object or person represents a particular idea. 7. Dialect is a certain pattern of speech in a geographic area within a language. 8. Irony is when the ending or outcome is opposite or not what expected. 9. Personification is giving human qualities to things that aren’t human for the p ...
Adverbs - Monmouth University
Adverbs - Monmouth University

... WHAT IS AN ADVERB? Adverbs are similar to adjectives, but they modify differently. For example, adjectives describe or modify nouns and pronouns, whereas adverbs modify verbs, adjectives, and other adverbs. Also, adverbs specify where, when, how, and to what extent. Often, adverbs can be easily reco ...
TIV Exam Format CLC
TIV Exam Format CLC

... • irregular verbs: recognition only of sum, possum, eo, volo, nolo, fero in all the above tenses, voices and moods (excluding imperatives, participles and gerundive); must know imperatives of nolo and eo (noli, nolite; i, ite) • recognition only of deponent verbs in all the above tenses and moods (e ...
I was sure I was correct. Shannon is surely ready for her final exam
I was sure I was correct. Shannon is surely ready for her final exam

... WHAT IS AN ADVERB? Adverbs are similar to adjectives, but they modify differently. For example, adjectives describe or modify nouns and pronouns, whereas adverbs modify verbs, adjectives, and other adverbs. Also, adverbs specify where, when, how, and to what extent. Often, adverbs can be easily reco ...
القواعد والمنظومة النحوية
القواعد والمنظومة النحوية

... a. thefirst NP “Ahmed Al-Ali” is a proper noun which is unique and does not need modification. The second NP “your old friend” does not tell us which “Ahmed Al-Ali” is here but only adds information about him. b. We use commas before and after the appositive. c. We don’t capitalize the second NP d. ...
Extracting Information from Participial Structures
Extracting Information from Participial Structures

... • comparative: “mérsékeltebb kereslet” more moderate demand ...
Study Guide for Complements Test
Study Guide for Complements Test

... Step 3: What word is renaming or describing the subject? Cranky Step 4: Is it a noun, pronoun, or adjective? Adjective Answer: Cranky is the predicate adjective. The baby is a boy. Step 1: What is the subject? Baby Step 2: What is the verb? Is Is it action or linking? Linking Step 3: What word is re ...
Predicate Adjectives and Predicate Nominatives
Predicate Adjectives and Predicate Nominatives

... the action of the sentence or that is the “state of being” expressed in the sentence by “be” verbs (is, am, was, were, be, been, etc.), some sensory verbs (taste, smell, sound, feel, look, etc.) and some verbs expressing condition (become, seem, stay, grow, remain, etc.). A linking verb is different ...
What is a preposition?
What is a preposition?

... Watch out! There are TONS of commonly used prepositions. Make sure you write all of them down on our notes!! Some are already there for you, but make sure you get the rest. Commonly Use Prepositions aboard ...
syntax_1
syntax_1

... An ideal clause contains a phrase referring to an action or state, a phrase or phrases referring to the people or things involved in the action or state and possibly phrases referring to place and time. My sister bought a present is a clause. The phrase my sister refers t to the buyer, bought refer ...
Adjectives and adverbs
Adjectives and adverbs

... There are other combinations. An adverb is a word that tells us more about a verb. An adverb "qualifies" or "modifies" a verb (The man ran quickly). But adverbs can also modify adjectives (Tara is really beautiful), or even other adverbs (It ...
Morphology – lecture script
Morphology – lecture script

... --nouns: few old irregular plurals like: sheep (zero-plural), oxen, children knife - knives, house - houses, bath - bathes (voicing; only f-v shift in spelling) also: men, feet, mice, geese (with vowel mutation or "umlaut") and foreign plurals like: funghi, schemata, indices, curricula, stimuli etc. ...
Using Pronouns Correctly - Hinsdale South High School
Using Pronouns Correctly - Hinsdale South High School

... 7. Use –self forms correctly with reflexive or intensive situation Reflexive pronouns reflect back to the subject or object  The superhero embarrassed himself  Unfortunately, he had to rely on himself to save the day. ...
SPAG Glossary - Lickey Hills Primary School and Nursery
SPAG Glossary - Lickey Hills Primary School and Nursery

... It shows the position of something in relation to something else. For example: next to, close to, adjacent to, under, over, in, inside, nearby, opposite, parallel to, underneath, in the foreground, in the background, in between, above, down from, up from, in line with, to the left of, to the right o ...
What is a preposition?
What is a preposition?

... Watch out! There are TONS of commonly used prepositions. Make sure you write all of them down on our notes!! Some are already there for you, but make sure you get the rest. Commonly Use Prepositions aboard ...
Objective cast/possessive pronouns
Objective cast/possessive pronouns

... This set represents reflexive pronouns, which are usually used when the subject and object of the sentence are the same: Example: Randy surprised himself. Reflexive pronouns are also used as objects of the sentence when they refer back to the subject. Example: They did not do the research themselves ...
3-L-CV102
3-L-CV102

... On the second reading model the clauses within sentences by pausing and using intonation when reading. Put a section on the whiteboard to deconstruct. Discuss clauses and that each clause has a verb. Identify the verbs in the sentences on display. Now put a series of sentences and clauses on strips ...
the parts of speech
the parts of speech

... and another word in the sentence.  Your ring is on the sink.  Your ring is under the sink. ...
English Practical Grammar
English Practical Grammar

... Verb: A word that expresses action, event, or state (strike, happen, be) Adjective A word that names a quality (blue, important, half-baked). Adverb A word that denotes manner or quantity (slowly, obstinately, much) Pronoun A word that stands for a noun/refers to a person, place, thing, idea, or act ...
Continuing underneath your last bellringer entry, please write the
Continuing underneath your last bellringer entry, please write the

... 1. Demonstrative pronoun- points out specific persons, places, or things (this, that, these, those) 2. Indefinite pronoun- refers to persons, places, or things in a more general way than a noun does (all, another, any, both, each, either, everything, few, many, most, none, etc.) ...
Focus On Grammar
Focus On Grammar

... • Who, what, that  Subject in relative clause is the same as the subject of the main clause. – The students get sleepy. The students eat rice. • The students who eat rice get sleepy. ...
Cultivating the Right On the Job Attitude
Cultivating the Right On the Job Attitude

... and seek their advice for challenges you encounter as you learn the job. Since most people enjoy helping the newcomer, this is a great way to establish solid collegial relationships. Do this: Ask for help with something, even if you think you know what you’re doing. This will assure co-workers that ...
Grammar - UTS Library - University of Technology Sydney
Grammar - UTS Library - University of Technology Sydney

... There’s a lot of sand on the floor. Today I bought a lot of clothes. The student doesn’t speak much English. I had to choose between physics and chemistry. Storms can involve both lightning and rain. ...
Parts of Speech
Parts of Speech

... suddenly split into two parts. The first is called the auxillary, but what is the second part called? That’s right! The participle. Have a look:  Kate is talking to James  Kate has talked to James The two halves (auxillary + participle) together form the verb! ...
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Esperanto grammar

For Esperanto morphology, see also Esperanto vocabularyEsperanto is a constructed auxiliary language. A highly regular grammar makes Esperanto much easier to learn than most other languages of the world, though particular features may be more or less advantageous or difficult depending on the language background of the learner. Parts of speech are immediately obvious, for example: Τhe suffix -o indicates a noun, -a an adjective, -as a present-tense verb, and so on for other grammatical functions. An extensive system of affixes may be freely combined with roots to generate vocabulary; and the rules of word formation are straightforward, allowing speakers to communicate with a much smaller root vocabulary than in most other languages. It is possible to communicate effectively with a vocabulary built upon 400 to 500 roots, though there are numerous specialized vocabularies for sciences, professions, and other activities. Reference grammars of the language include the Plena Analiza Gramatiko (English: Complete Analytical Grammar) by Kálmán Kalocsay and Gaston Waringhien, and the Plena Manlibro de Esperanta Gramatiko (English: Complete Handbook of Esperanto Grammar) by Bertilo Wennergren.
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