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Discourse and Sublanguage
Discourse and Sublanguage

... single structure, because there, as noted above, we cannot fully exclude cooccurrences that cut across the word subclasses. It also differs from mere co-occurrence preferences because the latter are variable, and not sufficiently sharp to permit subclasses in respect to co-occurrence. From these con ...
Writing Hints
Writing Hints

... Examples: Clear—The lady in a blue dress found my dog. Unclear—The lady found my dog in a blue dress. We often end spoken sentences with a preposition, but avoid this usage in your writing. Example: Spoken sentence—“Who will you go to?” Written sentence—“To whom will you go?” Here is a list of commo ...
Gramática - Beechen Cliff
Gramática - Beechen Cliff

... In Spanish, when the direct object of the verb (noun or pronoun) is a person, you must put the word a before it. This is called the personal a. It doesn’t exist in English. Veo a Juan. I see Juan. (but Veo el coche. I see the car.) Ayudo a mis padres en casa. I help my parents at home. No conozco a ...
THE PASSIVE VOICE
THE PASSIVE VOICE

... a. He will be sent b. it will have been sent c. They had been sent d. She has been sent e. They were being sent f. They will have been sent g. They are sent h. They have been sent i. It was sent j. He has been sent ...
Appendix
Appendix

... intimidating task of designing a web page. Grammar: An adverb clause is a dependent clause, which cannot stand on its own as a sentence. Other words, such as until, whereas, wherever, whenever, as if, and unless, can start adverb clauses, but younger students may find these challenging. See also und ...
Nouns and Noun Phrases: Grammatical Variation and Language
Nouns and Noun Phrases: Grammatical Variation and Language

... modifiers, "linkers" exist in some languages for NP-internal constituents, a "construct state" attaches NP to a sister category in others, and so on. The positioning of these items within the NP also exhibits considerable variation. The grammatical rules generating them must sometimes guarantee thei ...
How to meet and greet in Latin
How to meet and greet in Latin

... In Latin there is no definite article, meaning that there is no word for “a”, “an” or “the”. Like Malay or Māori, in Latin you would say “man walks” or “women walk” rather than “a man walks” or “the women walk”. The reason this is possible is because Latin nouns and verbs contain personal descripti ...
PARSING JAVA METHOD NAMES FOR IMPROVED SOFTWARE
PARSING JAVA METHOD NAMES FOR IMPROVED SOFTWARE

... Table 2.1: Example of iterative refinement process for part-of-speech rules on the method name decodeRequest. Morphology rules were used to determine possible parts of speech because programmers commonly use non-dictionary words when naming identifiers. Nouns and verbs are often modified by programm ...
Comprehensive and Consistent PropBank Light Verb Annotation
Comprehensive and Consistent PropBank Light Verb Annotation

... could more clearly relate all of these cases as support verb constructions. Tu and Roth’s (2011) dataset has been used to establish a state-of-the-art LVC detection system. Tu and Roth manually construct a dataset of 2,162 English sentences with positive and negative (semantically full or heavy usag ...
Pronoun Agreement
Pronoun Agreement

... biased toward men and against women. – Each student should save his questions toward the end. ...
Case Closed...or Confusing?
Case Closed...or Confusing?

... Bob and I ate too many cookies. I wish that nice old lady hadn't given all eighteen boxes to Bob and me. ...
English 9 Grammar and Mechanics
English 9 Grammar and Mechanics

... life.  It seems like there are only infinitesimal effects, even though the results are actually rather astounding. ...
The Definitive Phrase Structure Rules
The Definitive Phrase Structure Rules

... temporal Aux and do combine with VP subjects for AuxP (=S) trivial AuxP to combine with Mod negation with Mod and Aux ...
A constructional approach to English verbal gerunds
A constructional approach to English verbal gerunds

... This rule produces a lexical entry for a verbal gerund from the present participle form of the verb. The verbal gerund differs syntactically from the participle in two ways: it is of category gerund and it subcategorizes for both a specifier and a subject. Since a verbal gerund selects for the same ...
ComparativesSuperlatives
ComparativesSuperlatives

... LEVEL 2 Technical Questions Practice Nouns 1. What case is X in? Why is X in this case? - Dative after persuadeo / verb of giving-showing-preparing-talking - Accusative after preposition taking accusative - Ablative after preposition taking ablative 2. Give the nominative singular of X. (= what is ...
Basic Sentence Parts
Basic Sentence Parts

... --Intransitive verb is a verb that is complete in itself. It does not need a receiver of its action. It may take on adverb modifiers in order to make its meaning clearer. -- Linking verb is a verb that connects the subject of the sentence to a noun, pronoun, adjective or any other of the noun substi ...
Gerunds and Infinitive Phrases
Gerunds and Infinitive Phrases

... He enjoys not working. The best thing for your health is not smoking. ...
Grammar Reference - Cambridge University Press
Grammar Reference - Cambridge University Press

... feel, hear, help, make, observe, see (help can also be followed by object + to-infinitive in the active; let can be followed by object + bare infinitive in the active, but is never passive.) ...
Proficiency Powerpoint Game Review
Proficiency Powerpoint Game Review

... The following definitions are taken from vocabulary within the three short stories we read this year. You will be given the definition only and your group must figure out what vocabulary word is the answer. You will have 3 minutes to look through the literature book, find the 3 short stories, and w ...
Answers - Scholastic UK
Answers - Scholastic UK

... They didn’t ring the school bell, which caused chaos. Comma ...
Verbs as Spatial Deixis Markers in Jingulu1
Verbs as Spatial Deixis Markers in Jingulu1

... NPs’) are very common, there is extensive null anaphora such that an inflected verb can function alone as a sentence, and there is no evidence for asymmetric structural relations between full NPs construed with subject versus object functions. For a full discussion of Jingulu’s nonconfigurationality ...
Slide 1
Slide 1

... Direct Objects & Direct Object Pronouns Masculine ...
Language Matters activity 6 grammatical paradigms
Language Matters activity 6 grammatical paradigms

... The Activity Together with Spanish, Galician and Basque are the national languages of Galicia and the Basque Country, two regions in northern Spain. Two of your friends have decided to spend their gap year in these regions and are trying to learn the regional languages in order to maximise their int ...
Learning Dovahzul
Learning Dovahzul

... show possession. Dovahzul differs from English here in that it doesn’t have such a suffix. Instead, there are other ways to rephrase things and a unique set of suffixes to use. ...
Chapter 15: Clauses
Chapter 15: Clauses

... Adverb Clauses  Adverb clauses are subordinate clauses that modify a verb, ...
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Esperanto grammar

For Esperanto morphology, see also Esperanto vocabularyEsperanto is a constructed auxiliary language. A highly regular grammar makes Esperanto much easier to learn than most other languages of the world, though particular features may be more or less advantageous or difficult depending on the language background of the learner. Parts of speech are immediately obvious, for example: Τhe suffix -o indicates a noun, -a an adjective, -as a present-tense verb, and so on for other grammatical functions. An extensive system of affixes may be freely combined with roots to generate vocabulary; and the rules of word formation are straightforward, allowing speakers to communicate with a much smaller root vocabulary than in most other languages. It is possible to communicate effectively with a vocabulary built upon 400 to 500 roots, though there are numerous specialized vocabularies for sciences, professions, and other activities. Reference grammars of the language include the Plena Analiza Gramatiko (English: Complete Analytical Grammar) by Kálmán Kalocsay and Gaston Waringhien, and the Plena Manlibro de Esperanta Gramatiko (English: Complete Handbook of Esperanto Grammar) by Bertilo Wennergren.
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