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doc - Patrick Grosz
doc - Patrick Grosz

... Awang said he wanted to go to Tuloo, but he couldn’t. He was sick. (understood as He was sick, he said) This bad or at least highly dispreferred in Tangale But is allowed in other languages with logophors So actually having the open context slot - without a requirement against this living at the end ...
Impersonal and Passive SE Constructions
Impersonal and Passive SE Constructions

... difference between the two structures is in form rather than in meaning. He feels that any transitive verb with a direct object can be understood as either impersonal and active or as passive and still convey the same meaning. According to him, both se vende casas and se venden casas are acceptable ...
Teaching Clients to Edit Module
Teaching Clients to Edit Module

... 1. What sentence patterns does the tutor notice in her client’s writing? 2. How does the tutor prioritize certain patterns over others? 3. How does the tutor help the client edit independently? Type Your Responses to the Questions Here: Part II: Teaching Clients How to Gain Independence in the Editi ...
2. Natural Language Processing (NLP)
2. Natural Language Processing (NLP)

... Morphology is concerned primarily with recognising how base words have been modified to form other words with similar meanings but often with different syntactic categories. Modification typically occurs by the addition of prefixes and/or postfixes but other textual changes can also take place. In g ...
Chapter 4 “Odd Prepositions”
Chapter 4 “Odd Prepositions”

... implicitly defined by Culicover as any lexical item that has a set of syntactic properties that is not identical to that of any other lexical item. Some of Culicover’s “syntactic nuts” involve the display of an apparently unique positive ability (for example, the adverb rather licenses sentential co ...
English for Academic Research: Grammar, Usage and Style
English for Academic Research: Grammar, Usage and Style

... spoken language. The only exception to this is the occasional example taken from ‘general’ English, where a ‘general’ example gives a clearer idea of usage than a ‘scientific’ example would do (this I have done above all in the section on modal verbs). Aspects which are common to research papers and ...
ELP STANDARDS IMPLEMENTATION GUIDE ELL Stage II: Grades 1-2 Mesa Public Schools
ELP STANDARDS IMPLEMENTATION GUIDE ELL Stage II: Grades 1-2 Mesa Public Schools

... • Verb Tense Study: negative tense • Give sentences with two words that are not in contraction form. Students re-read the sentences and change the words into the contraction form and vice versa ...
The Absence of the Adjective Category in Korean
The Absence of the Adjective Category in Korean

... ‘that tall woman’ (‘lit.: that woman whose height is big’) ...
An Interaction Grammar of Interrogative and Relative Clauses in
An Interaction Grammar of Interrogative and Relative Clauses in

... • Subject inversion: contrary to canonical constructions of clauses where the subject precedes the verb, wh-clauses allow subject inversion under some conditions. These conditions depend on various factors. • Interrogative and declarative marking: in French, relative clauses and interrogative clause ...
Noun Clauses - This is Meryem`s e-portfolio :)
Noun Clauses - This is Meryem`s e-portfolio :)

... A sentence which contains just one clause is called a simple sentence. A sentence which contains one independent clause and one or more dependent clauses is called a complex sentence. (Dependent clauses are also called subordinate clauses.) There are three basic types of dependent clauses: adjective ...
Chapter 5: The verb stem
Chapter 5: The verb stem

... It is even possible that this category of simple stems does not exist: I have based this category on the lack of attestations of incorporated nominals in my corpus, but I have not actually tested this with speakers. It may therefore turn out that it is possible for e.g. -lhvka- ‘go’ to incorporate i ...
Sentence Types - Thompson`s Home Page
Sentence Types - Thompson`s Home Page

... Verb: A verb is the word that expresses the action in a sentence. Example: I swim. (What do I do? I swim. So swim is the verb. Get it?) Subject: A subject is the person or thing that performs the action expressed by the verb. Example: I swim. (Who swims? I do. So I is the subject. Get it?) Phrase: A ...
The Complex Sentence
The Complex Sentence

... a. It was late autumn; yet the days were very warm b. He was early and he went to his office. (clauses cannot be transposed to the beginning, e.g. *And he went to his office he was early.) c. The boy is very clever; however he is lazy. The boy is very clever; he is, however, lazy. The boy is clever; ...
WRITING SUBTEST Sections on grammar: Multiple
WRITING SUBTEST Sections on grammar: Multiple

... * An antecedent is a word or phrase that a subsequent word refers to. That subsequent word (pronoun) must agree with the antecedent noun (or other pronoun) it refers to. For example, in the sentence “Alice likes her new apartment,” the word “Alice” is the antecedent of the possessive pronoun “her.” ...
A Psycholinguistically Motivated Version of TAG
A Psycholinguistically Motivated Version of TAG

... Our minimal prediction method implies that adjunction must be possible at predicted nodes, as shown in Figure 1(a). When this happens, the head node of the auxiliary tree is marked as seen, while the foot node of the auxiliary tree takes over the prediction mark from the predicted connection structu ...
4. Verbal Categories (Morphological forms. Transitivity. Reflexivity
4. Verbal Categories (Morphological forms. Transitivity. Reflexivity

... 4. Verbal Categories (Morphological forms. Transitivity. Reflexivity.) Morphology of the verb Verbal inflection manifested in verb morphology is present both in English and Polish. The verbal categories we’re going to investigate are: for English: person number tense aspect1 aspect2 mood ...
Accusative Case-Assignment in Double Object Constructions in
Accusative Case-Assignment in Double Object Constructions in

... indirect object whereas, the other is the direct object. To overcome the problem of case-assignment in DOCs within MP, Ura (2000) suggests that the verb in DOCs allows multiple checking of its case feature. According to Ura, the accusative- case feature of the verb is [+multiple]. He states that "Th ...
the structure of non-finite relative clauses in arabic
the structure of non-finite relative clauses in arabic

... possible to make the RC's Ant definite. Under certain conditions, however, the 12 As the context in which particular types of non-finite RCs are presented throughout this study regularly includes Ant from the matrix clause, it should properly be introduced as Ant + RC instead of just RC. For conveni ...
5th Grade Imagine It! Overview Unit 1: Heritage
5th Grade Imagine It! Overview Unit 1: Heritage

... Listening/Speaking/Viewing-Figurative Language ...
"the white tiger" and "the reluctant fundamentalist"
"the white tiger" and "the reluctant fundamentalist"

... object but either complement or adverbial. This also indicates that there is no other object in his mind than the scene. “I’m sorry.” she said. “No I am sorry,” I said. “You do not like it?” “I don’t know,” she said, and for the first time in my presence, her eyes filled with tears. (The Reluctant F ...
Main Clauses and How to Connect them
Main Clauses and How to Connect them

... John and Sarah love my dog. (two subjects) My dog adores and jumps on John and Sarah. (two verbs) A sentence with a single independent clause can also have a lot of phrases that modify parts of the independent clause. For example: After dinner, I will study for the math test coming up right before S ...
Composite Tense Recognition and Tagging in Serbian
Composite Tense Recognition and Tagging in Serbian

... 2vsxi/:X + 4zxem/:Pxs + 4zxi/:Yys + So far, 339 transducers have been developed that precisely describe the simple verb forms of conjugation, starting from the verbs’ infinitive forms. For each verb, in addition to its verb forms, all the inflected forms of the corresponding verbal noun and passive ...
ADJECTIVES
ADJECTIVES

... "My daughter really wants a dog for Christmas." This refers to any dog. We don't know which dog because we haven't found the dog yet. "Somebody call a policeman!" This refers to any policeman. We don't need a specific policeman; we need any policeman who is available. "When I was at the zoo, I saw a ...
pdf version - Universität Leipzig
pdf version - Universität Leipzig

... of morpho-syntax. It is a pleasure for us that they all are with us and we hope to learn a lot from their suggestions and ideas. In addition to the scientific part of the conference, we also will have some social events where we can get to know each other better. There will be a wine reception on th ...
Busey-ETD-1stdraft ( PDF ) - UFDC Image Array 2
Busey-ETD-1stdraft ( PDF ) - UFDC Image Array 2

... either to be able to read German, speak enough for travel, or merely pronounce the words (such as radio announcers or music historians). One goal this paper attempts to achieve is to enable the student to be more successful learning German by making her/him define what s/he wants from the knowledge. ...
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Esperanto grammar

For Esperanto morphology, see also Esperanto vocabularyEsperanto is a constructed auxiliary language. A highly regular grammar makes Esperanto much easier to learn than most other languages of the world, though particular features may be more or less advantageous or difficult depending on the language background of the learner. Parts of speech are immediately obvious, for example: Τhe suffix -o indicates a noun, -a an adjective, -as a present-tense verb, and so on for other grammatical functions. An extensive system of affixes may be freely combined with roots to generate vocabulary; and the rules of word formation are straightforward, allowing speakers to communicate with a much smaller root vocabulary than in most other languages. It is possible to communicate effectively with a vocabulary built upon 400 to 500 roots, though there are numerous specialized vocabularies for sciences, professions, and other activities. Reference grammars of the language include the Plena Analiza Gramatiko (English: Complete Analytical Grammar) by Kálmán Kalocsay and Gaston Waringhien, and the Plena Manlibro de Esperanta Gramatiko (English: Complete Handbook of Esperanto Grammar) by Bertilo Wennergren.
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